(6) 1. Nīvaraṇavaggo

1-2. Āvaraṇasuttādivaṇṇanā

51-52. Dutiyassa paṭhame āvarantīti āvaraṇā, nīvārayantīti nīvaraṇā. Ettha ca āvarantīti kusaladhammuppattiṃ ādito parivārenti. Nīvārayantīti niravasesato vārayantīti attho, tasmā āvaraṇavasenāti ādito kusaluppattivāraṇavasena. Nīvaraṇavasenāti niravasesato vāraṇavasenāti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Yasmā pañca nīvaraṇā uppajjamānā anuppannāya lokiyalokuttarāya paññāya uppajjituṃ na denti, uppannāpi aṭṭha samāpattiyo pañca vā abhiññā upacchinditvā pātenti, tasmā ‘‘paññāya dubbalīkaraṇā’’ti vuccanti. Upacchindanaṃ pātanañcettha tāsaṃ paññānaṃ anuppannānaṃ uppajjituṃ appadānameva. Iti mahaggatānuttarapaññānaṃ ekaccāya ca parittapaññāya anuppattihetubhūtā nīvaraṇadhammā itarāsaṃ samatthataṃ vihanantiyevāti paññāya dubbalīkaraṇā vuttā. Bhāvanāmanasikārena vinā pakatiyā manussehi nibbattetabbo dhammoti manussadhammo, manussattabhāvāvaho vā dhammo manussadhammo, anuḷāraṃ parittakusalaṃ. Yaṃ asatipi buddhuppāde vattati, yañca sandhāyāha ‘‘hīnena brahmacariyena, khattiye upapajjatī’’ti (jā. 1.8.75). Alaṃ ariyāya ariyabhāvāyāti alamariyo, ariyabhāvāya samatthoti vuttaṃ hoti. Ñāṇadassanameva ñāṇadassanaviseso, alamariyo ca so ñāṇadassanaviseso cāti alamariyañāṇadassanaviseso.

Ñāṇadassananti ca dibbacakkhupi vipassanāpi maggopi phalampi paccavekkhaṇañāṇampi sabbaññutaññāṇampi vuccati. ‘‘Appamatto samāno ñāṇadassanaṃ ārādhetī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.311) hi ettha dibbacakkhu ñāṇadassanaṃ nāma. ‘‘Ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmetī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.234) ettha vipassanāñāṇaṃ. ‘‘Abhabbā te ñāṇāya dassanāya anuttarāya sambodhāyā’’ti (a. ni. 4.196) ettha maggo. ‘‘Ayamañño uttarimanussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanaviseso adhigato phāsuvihāro’’ti (ma. ni. 1.328) ettha phalaṃ. ‘‘Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṃ udapādi, akuppā me vimutti, ayamantimā jāti, natthi dāni punabbhavo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1081; mahāva. 16; paṭi. ma. 2.30) ettha paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ. ‘‘Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṃ udapādi ‘sattāhakālakato āḷāro kālāmo’’’ti (ma. ni. 1.284; 2.340) ettha sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ. Idha pana lokuttaradhammo adhippeto. Ettha ca rūpāyatanaṃ jānāti cakkhuviññāṇaṃ viya passati cāti ñāṇadassanaṃ, dibbacakkhu. Sammasanūpacāre ca dhammalakkhaṇattayañca tathā jānāti passati cāti ñāṇadassanaṃ, vipassanā. Nibbānaṃ cattāri vā saccāni asammohappaṭivedhato jānāti passati cāti ñāṇadassanaṃ, maggo. Phalaṃ pana nibbānavaseneva yojetabbaṃ. Paccavekkhaṇā maggādhigatassa atthassa sabbaso jotanaṭṭhena ñāṇadassanaṃ. Sabbaññutā anāvaraṇatāya samantacakkhutāya ca ñāṇadassanaṃ. Byādiṇṇakāloti pariyādinnakālo. Dutiyaṃ uttānameva.

Āvaraṇasuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3-4. Padhāniyaṅgasuttādivaṇṇanā

53-54. Tatiye padahatīti padahano, bhāvanamanuyutto yogī, tassa bhāvo bhāvanānuyogo padahanabhāvo. Padhānamassa atthīti padhāniko, ka-kārassa ya-kāraṃ katvā ‘‘padhāniyo’’ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Abhinīhārato paṭṭhāya āgatattā’’ti vuttattā paccekabodhisattasāvakabodhisattānampi paṇidhānato pabhuti āgatasaddhā āgamanasaddā eva, ukkaṭṭhaniddesena pana ‘‘sabbaññubodhisattāna’’nti vuttaṃ. Adhigamato samudāgatattā aggamaggaphalasampayuttā cāpi adhigamasaddhā nāma, yā sotāpannassa aṅgabhāvena vuttā. Acalabhāvenāti paṭipakkhena anadhibhavanīyattā niccalabhāvena. Okappananti okkanditvā adhimuccanaṃ, pasāduppattiyā pasādanīyavatthusmiṃ pasīdanameva. Suppaṭividdhanti suṭṭhu paṭividdhaṃ. Yathā tena paṭividdhena sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ hatthagataṃ ahosi, tathā paṭividdhaṃ. Yassa buddhasubuddhatāya saddhā acalā asampavedhi, tassa dhammasudhammatāya saṅghasuppaṭipannatāya tena paṭivedhena saddhā na tathāti aṭṭhānametaṃ anavakāso. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘yo, bhikkhave, buddhe pasanno dhamme pasanno saṅghe pasanno’’tiādi. Padhānavīriyaṃ ijjhati ‘‘addhā imāya paṭipadāya jarāmaraṇato muccissāmī’’ti sakkaccaṃ padahanato.

Appa-saddo abhāvattho ‘‘appasaddassa…pe… kho panā’’tiādīsu viyāti āha ‘‘arogo’’ti. Samavepākiniyāti yathābhuttamāhāraṃ samākāreneva pacanasīlāya. Daḷhaṃ katvā pacantī hi gahaṇī ghorabhāvena pittavikārādivasena rogaṃ janeti, sithilaṃ katvā pacantī mandabhāvena vātavikārādivasena tenāha ‘‘nātisītāya nāccuṇhāyā’’ti. Gahaṇitejassa mandapaṭutāvasena sattānaṃ yathākkamaṃ sītuṇhasahatāti āha ‘‘atisītalaggahaṇiko’’tiādi. Yāthāvato accayadesanā attano āvikaraṇaṃ nāmāti āha ‘‘yathābhūtaṃ attano aguṇaṃ pakāsetā’’ti. Udayatthagāminiyāti saṅkhārānaṃ udayañca vayañca paṭivijjhantiyāti ayamettha atthoti āha ‘‘udayañcā’’tiādi. Parisuddhāyāti nirupakkilesāya. Nibbijjhituṃ samatthāyāti tadaṅgavasena savisesaṃ pajahituṃ samatthāya. Tassa dukkhassa khayagāminiyāti yaṃ dukkhaṃ imasmiṃ ñāṇe anadhigate pavattirahaṃ, adhigate na pavatti, taṃ sandhāya vadati. Tathāhesa yogāvacaro ‘‘cūḷasotāpanno’’ti vuccati. Catutthaṃ uttānameva.

Padhāniyaṅgasuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Mātāputtasuttavaṇṇanā

55. Pañcame vissāsoti visacchāyasantāno bhāvo. Otāroti tattha cittassa anuppaveso. Gahetvāti attano eva okāsaṃ gahetvā. Khepetvāti kusalavāraṃ khepetvā.

Ghaṭṭeyyāti akkamanādivasena bādheyya. Tīhi pariññāhīti ñātatīraṇappahānasaṅkhātāhi tīhi pariññāhi. Natthi etesaṃ kutoci bhayanti akutobhayā, nibbhayāti attho. Catunnaṃ oghānaṃ, saṃsāramahoghasseva vā pāraṃ pariyantaṃ gatā. Tenāha ‘‘pāraṃ vuccati nibbāna’’ntiādi.

Mātāputtasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Upajjhāyasuttavaṇṇanā

56. Chaṭṭhe madhurakabhāvo nāma sarīrassa thambhitattaṃ, taṃ pana garubhāvapubbakanti āha ‘‘sañjātagarubhāvo’’ti . Na pakkhāyantīti nappakāsenti, nānākāraṇato na upaṭṭhahanti. Tenāha ‘‘catasso disā ca anudisā ca mayhaṃ na upaṭṭhahantī’’ti. Sesamettha uttānameva.

Upajjhāyasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Abhiṇhapaccavekkhitabbaṭṭhānasuttavaṇṇanā

57. Sattame jarādhammoti dhamma-saddo ‘‘asammosadhammo nibbāna’’ntiādīsu (su. ni. 763) viya pakatipariyāyo, tasmā jarāpakatiko jiṇṇasabhāvoti attho. Tenāha ‘‘jarāsabhāvo’’tiādi. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Kammunā dātabbaṃ ādiyatīti kammadāyādo, attanā yathūpacitakammaphalabhāgīti attho. Taṃ pana dāyajjaṃ kāraṇūpacārena vadanto ‘‘kammaṃ mayhaṃ dāyajjaṃ santakanti attho’’ti āha yathā ‘‘kusalānaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ samādānahetu, evamidaṃ puññaṃ vaḍḍhatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.80). Yonīhi phalaṃ sabhāvato bhinnampi abhinnaṃ viya missitaṃ hoti. Tenāha ‘‘kammaṃ mayhaṃ yoni kāraṇa’’nti. Mamattavasena bajjhantīti bandhū, ñāti sālohito ca, kammaṃ pana ekantasambandhavāti āha ‘‘kammaṃ mayhaṃ bandhū’’ti. Patiṭṭhāti avassayo. Kammasadiso hi sattānaṃ avassayo natthi.

Yobbanaṃ ārabbha uppannamadoti ‘‘mahallakakāle puññaṃ karissāma, daharamha tāvā’’ti yobbanaṃ apassāya mānakaraṇaṃ. ‘‘Ahaṃ nirogo saṭṭhi vā sattati vā vassāni atikkantāni, na me harītakakhaṇḍampi khāditabbaṃ, ime panaññe ‘asukaṃ no ṭhānaṃ rujjati, bhesajjaṃ khādāmā’ti vicaranti, ko añño mayā sadiso nirogo nāmā’’ti evaṃ mānakaraṇaṃ ārogyamado. Sabbesampi jīvitaṃ nāma pabhaṅguraṃ dukkhānubandhañca, tadubhayaṃ anoloketvā pabandhaṭṭhitiṃ paccayasulabhatañca nissāya ‘‘ciraṃ jīviṃ, ciraṃ jīvāmi, ciraṃ jīvissāmi, sukhaṃ jīviṃ, sukhaṃ jīvāmi, sukhaṃ jīvissāmī’’ti evaṃ mānakaraṇaṃ jīvitamado.

Upadhirahitanti kāmūpadhirahitaṃ. Cattāro hi upadhī – kāmūpadhi, khandhūpadhi, kilesūpadhi, abhisaṅkhārūpadhīti. Kāmāpi ‘‘yaṃ pañca kāmaguṇe paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, ayaṃ kāmānaṃ assādo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.166) evaṃ vuttassa sukhassa adhiṭṭhānabhāvato ‘‘upadhiyati ettha sukha’’nti iminā vacanatthena ‘‘upadhī’’ti vuccati, khandhāpi khandhamūlakassa dukkhassa adhiṭṭhānabhāvato, kilesāpi apāyadukkhassa adhiṭṭhānabhāvato, abhisaṅkhārāpi bhavadukkhassa adhiṭṭhānabhāvato. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.

Abhiṇhapaccavekkhitabbaṭṭhānasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8-10. Licchavikumārakasuttādivaṇṇanā

58-60. Aṭṭhame sāpateyyanti ettha saṃ vuccati dhanaṃ, tassa patīti sapati, dhanasāmiko. Tassa hitāvahattā sāpateyyaṃ, drabyaṃ, dhananti attho. Attano rucivasena gāmakiccaṃ netīti gāmaniyo, gāmaniyoyeva gāmaṇiko.

Anvāya upanissāya jīvanasīlā anujīvinoti āha ‘‘ye ca etaṃ upanissāya jīvantī’’ti. Ekaṃ mahākulaṃ nissāya paṇṇāsampi saṭṭhipi kulāni jīvanti, te manusse sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva. Navamādīni uttānatthāneva.

Licchavikumārakasuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Nīvaraṇavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

* Source Tipitaka.org - Based on the Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana CD published by the Vipassana Research Institute

Dhamma Paññā

BQT trang Theravāda cố gắng sưu tầm thông tin tài liệu Dhamma trợ duyên quý độc giả tìm hiểu về Dhamma - Giáo Pháp Bậc Giác Ngộ thuyết giảng suốt 45 năm sau khi Ngài chứng đắc trở thành Đức Phật Chánh Đẳng Chánh Giác vào đêm Rằm tháng 4, tìm hiểu thêm phương pháp thực hành thiền Anapana, thiền Vipassana qua các tài liệu, bài giảng, pháp thoại từ các Thiền Sư, các Bậc Trưởng Lão, Bậc Thiện Trí.

Trả lời

Từ điển
Youtube
Live Stream
Tải app