(15) 5. Tikaṇḍakīvaggo

1. Avajānātisuttavaṇṇanā

141. Pañcamassa paṭhame datvā avajānātīti ettha eko bhikkhu mahāpuñño catupaccayalābhī hoti, so cīvarādīni labhitvā aññaṃ appapuññaṃ āpucchati. Sopi tasmiṃ punappunaṃ āpucchantepi gaṇhātiyeva. Athassa itaro thokaṃ kupito hutvā maṅkubhāvaṃ uppādetukāmo vadati ‘‘ayaṃ attano dhammatāya cīvarādīni na labhati, amhe nissāya labhatī’’ti. Evampi datvā avajānāti nāma. Eko pana ekena saddhiṃ dve tīṇi vassāni vasanto pubbe taṃ puggalaṃ garuṃ katvā gacchante gacchante kāle cittīkāraṃ na karoti, āsananisinnaṭṭhānampi na gacchati. Ayampi puggalo saṃvāsena avajānāti nāma. Ādheyyamukhoti ādito dheyyamukho, paṭhamavacanasmiṃyeva ṭhapitamukhoti attho. Tatthāyaṃ nayo – eko puggalo sāruppaṃyeva bhikkhuṃ ‘‘asāruppo eso’’ti katheti. Taṃ sutvā esa niṭṭhaṃ gacchati, puna aññena sabhāgena bhikkhunā ‘‘sāruppo aya’’nti vuttepi tassa vacanaṃ na gaṇhāti. Asukena nāma ‘‘asāruppo aya’’nti amhākaṃ kathitanti purimabhikkhunova kathaṃ gaṇhāti. Aparopissa dussīlaṃ ‘‘sīlavā’’ti katheti. Tassa vacanaṃ saddahitvā puna aññena ‘‘asāruppo eso bhikkhu, nāyaṃ tumhākaṃ santikaṃ upasaṅkamituṃ yutto’’ti vuttepi tassa vacanaṃ aggahetvā purimaṃyeva kathaṃ gaṇhāti. Aparo vaṇṇampi kathitaṃ gaṇhāti, avaṇṇampi kathitaṃ gaṇhātiyeva. Ayampi ādheyyamukhoyeva nāma ādhātabbamukho, yaṃ yaṃ suṇāti, tattha tattha ṭhapitamukhoti attho.

Loloti saddhādīnaṃ ittarakālappatitattā assaddhiyādīhi lulitabhāvena lolo. Ittarabhattītiādīsu punappunaṃ bhajanena saddhāva bhattipemaṃ. Saddhāpemampi gehassitapemampi vaṭṭati, pasādo saddhāpasādo. Evaṃ puggalo lolo hotīti evaṃ ittarasaddhāditāya puggalo lolo nāma hoti. Haliddirāgo viya, thusarāsimhi koṭṭitakhānuko viya, assapiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhapitakumbhaṇḍaṃ viya ca anibaddhaṭṭhāne muhuttena kuppati. Mando momūhoti aññāṇabhāvena mando, avisayatāya momūho, mahāmūḷhoti attho.

Avajānātisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2-3. Ārabhatisuttādivaṇṇanā

142-3. Dutiye ārabhatīti ettha ārambha-saddo kammakiriyahiṃsanavīriyakopanāpattivītikkamesu vattati. Tathā hesa ‘‘yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti, sabbaṃ ārambhapaccayā’’ti (su. ni. 749) kamme āgato. ‘‘Mahārambhā mahāyaññā, na te honti mahapphalā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.120; a. ni. 4.39) kiriyāya. ‘‘Samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ uddissa pāṇaṃ ārabhantī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.51) hiṃsane. ‘‘Ārambhatha nikkhamatha, yuñjatha buddhasāsane’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.185; netti. 29; peṭako. 38; mi. pa. 5.1.4) vīriye. ‘‘Bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā paṭivirato hotī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.10, 195; ma. ni. 1.293) kopane. ‘‘Ārabhati ca vippaṭisārī ca hotī’’ti (a. ni. 5.142; pu. pa. 191) ayaṃ pana āpattivītikkame āgato, tasmā āpattivītikkamavasena ārabhati ceva, tappaccayā ca vippaṭisārī hotīti ayamettha attho. Yathābhūtaṃ nappajānātīti anadhigatattā yathāsabhāvato na jānāti. Yatthassāti yasmiṃ assa, yaṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā etassa puggalassa uppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā aparisesā nirujjhantīti attho. Kiṃ pana patvā te nirujjhantīti? Arahattamaggaṃ, phalappattassa pana niruddhā nāma honti. Evaṃ santepi idha maggakiccavasena pana phalameva vuttanti veditabbaṃ.

Ārabhatī na vippaṭisārī hotīti āpattiṃ āpajjati, taṃ panesa desetuṃ sabhāgapuggalaṃ pariyesati, tasmā na vippaṭisārī hoti. Na ārabhati vippaṭisārī hotīti āpattiṃ na āpajjati, vinayapaññattiyaṃ pana akovidattā anāpattiyā āpattisaññī hutvā vippaṭisārī hotīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. ‘‘Na ārabhati na vippaṭisārī hotī’’ti yo vutto, kataro so puggalo? Ossaṭṭhavīriyapuggalo. So hi ‘‘kiṃ me imasmiṃ kāle parinibbānena, anāgate metteyyasammāsambuddhakāle parinibbāyissāmī’’ti visuddhasīlopi paṭipattiṃ na pūreti. So hi ‘‘kimatthaṃ āyasmā pamatto viharati, puthujjanassa nāma gati anibaddhā, tasmā hi metteyyasammāsambuddhassa sammukhībhāvaṃ labheyyāsi, arahattatthāya vipassanaṃ bhāvehī’’ti ovaditabbova.

Sādhūti āyācanatthe nipāto. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yāva aparaddhaṃ vata āyasmatā, evaṃ santepi mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ yācāma, desetabbayuttakassa desanāya, vuṭṭhātabbayuttakassa vuṭṭhānena, āvikātabbayuttakassa āvikiriyāya ārambhaje āsave pahāya suddhante ṭhitabhāvapaccavekkhaṇena vippaṭisāraje āsave paṭivinodetvā nīharitvā vipassanācittañceva vipassanāpaññañca vaḍḍhetūti. Amunā pañcamena puggalenāti etena pañcamena khīṇāsavapuggalena. Samasamo bhavissatīti lokuttaraguṇehi samabhāveneva samo bhavissatīti evaṃ khīṇāsavena ovaditabboti attho. Tatiyaṃ uttānameva.

Ārabhatisuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

4-6. Tikaṇḍakīsuttādivaṇṇanā

144-6. Catutthe paṭikūleti amanuññe aniṭṭhe. Appaṭikūlasaññīti iṭṭhākāreneva pavattacitto. Iṭṭhasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ asubhāya vā pharati, aniccato vā upasaṃharati upaneti pavatteti. Aniṭṭhasmiṃ vatthusminti aniṭṭhe sattasaññite ārammaṇe. Mettāya vā pharatīti mettaṃ hitesitaṃ upasaṃharanto sabbatthakameva vā tattha pharati. Dhātuto vā upasaṃharatīti dhammasabhāvacintanena dhātuto paccavekkhaṇāya dhātumanasikāraṃ vā tattha pavatteti. Tadubhayaṃ abhinivajjetvāti sabhāvato ānubhāvato ca upatiṭṭhantaṃ ārammaṇe paṭikūlabhāvaṃ appaṭikūlabhāvañcāti taṃ ubhayaṃ pahāya aggahetvā, sabbasmiṃ pana tasmiṃ majjhatto hutvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Majjhatto hutvā viharitukāmo pana kiṃ karotīti? Iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu āpāthaṃ gatesu neva somanassito hoti, na domanassito hoti. Upekkhako vihareyyāti iṭṭhe arajjanto aniṭṭhe adussanto yathā aññe asamapekkhanena mohaṃ uppādenti, evaṃ anuppādento chasu ārammaṇesu chaḷaṅgupekkhāya upekkhako vihareyya. Tenevāha ‘‘chaḷaṅgupekkhāvasena pañcamo’’ti. Iṭṭhāniṭṭhachaḷārammaṇāpāthe parisuddhapakatibhāvāvijahanalakkhaṇāya chasu dvāresu pavattanato ‘‘chaḷaṅgupekkhā’’ti laddhanāmāya tatramajjhattupekkhāya vasena pañcamo vāro vuttoti attho. Pañcamaṃ chaṭṭhañca uttānameva.

Tikaṇḍakīsuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7-10. Asappurisadānasuttādivaṇṇanā

147-150. Sattame asakkaccanti anādaraṃ katvā. Deyyadhammassa asakkaccakaraṇaṃ nāma asampannaṃ karotīti āha ‘‘na sakkaritvā suciṃ katvā detī’’ti, uttaṇḍulādidosavirahitaṃ sucisampannaṃ katvā na detīti attho. Acittīkatvāti na citte katvā, na pūjetvāti attho. Pūjento hi pūjetabbavatthuṃ citte ṭhapeti, na tato bahi karoti. Cittaṃ vā acchariyaṃ katvā paṭipattivikaraṇaṃ sambhāvanakiriyā, tappaṭikkhepato acittīkaraṇaṃ asambhāvanakiriyā. Agāravena detīti puggale agaruṃ karonto nisīdanaṭṭhāne asammajjitvā yattha vā tattha vā nisīdāpetvā yaṃ vā taṃ vā ādhārakaṃ ṭhapetvā dānaṃ deti. Asahatthāti na attano hatthena deti, dāsakammakarodīhi dāpeti. Apaviddhaṃ detīti antarā apaviddhaṃ vicchedaṃ katvā deti. Tenāha ‘‘na nirantaraṃ detī’’ti. Atha vā apaviddhaṃ detīti ucchiṭṭhādichaḍḍanīyadhammaṃ viya avakkhittakaṃ katvā deti. Tenāha ‘‘chaḍḍetukāmo viya detī’’ti. ‘‘Addhā imassa dānassa phalameva āgacchatī’’ti evaṃ yassa kammassakatādiṭṭhi atthi, so āgamanadiṭṭhiko, ayaṃ pana na tādisoti anāgamanadiṭṭhiko. Tenāha ‘‘katassa nāma phalaṃ āgamissatī’’tiādi. Aṭṭhamādīsu natthi vattabbaṃ.

Asappurisadānasuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Tikaṇḍakīvaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Tatiyapaṇṇāsakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.

4. Catutthapaṇṇāsakaṃ

* Source Tipitaka.org - Based on the Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana CD published by the Vipassana Research Institute

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