(13) 3. Kusināravaggo

1. Kusinārasuttavaṇṇanā

124. Tatiyassa paṭhame kusinārāyanti evaṃnāmake nagare. Baliharaṇe vanasaṇḍeti evaṃnāmake vanasaṇḍe. Tattha kira bhūtabalikaraṇatthaṃ baliṃ haranti, tasmā baliharaṇanti vuccati. Ākaṅkhamānoti icchamāno. Sahatthāti sahatthena. Sampavāretīti alaṃ alanti vācāya ceva hatthavikārena ca paṭikkhipāpeti. Sādhu vata māyanti sādhu vata maṃ ayaṃ. Gathitoti taṇhāgedhena gathito. Mucchitoti taṇhāmucchanāyayeva mucchito. Ajjhopannoti taṇhāya gilitvā pariniṭṭhapetvā pavatto. Anissaraṇapaññoti chandarāgaṃ pahāya saṃkaḍḍhitvā paribhuñjanto nissaraṇapañño nāma hoti, ayaṃ na tādiso, sacchandarāgo paribhuñjatīti anissaraṇapañño. Sukkapakkho vuttavipariyāyena veditabbo. Nekkhammavitakkādayo panettha missakā kathitāti veditabbā.

2. Bhaṇḍanasuttavaṇṇanā

125. Dutiye pajahiṃsūti pajahanti. Bahulamakaṃsūti punappunaṃ karonti. Idhāpi tayo vitakkā missakāva kathitā.

3. Gotamakacetiyasuttavaṇṇanā

126. Tatiye gotamake cetiyeti gotamakayakkhassa bhavane. Tathāgato hi paṭhamabodhiyaṃ vīsati vassāni kadāci cāpāle cetiye, kadāci sārandade, kadāci bahuputte, kadāci gotamaketi evaṃ yebhuyyena devakulesuyeva vihāsi. Imasmiṃ pana kāle vesāliṃ upanissāya gotamakassa yakkhassa bhavanaṭṭhāne vihāsi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘gotamake cetiye’’ti. Etadavocāti etaṃ ‘‘abhiññāyāha’’ntiādikaṃ suttaṃ avoca.

Idañca bhagavatā suttaṃ atthuppattiyaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Kataraatthuppattiyanti? Mūlapariyāyaatthuppattiyaṃ (ma. ni. 1.1 ādayo). Sambahulā kira brāhmaṇapabbajitā attanā uggahitabuddhavacanaṃ nissāya jānanamadaṃ uppādetvā dhammassavanaggaṃ na gacchanti – ‘‘sammāsambuddho kathento amhehi ñātameva kathessati, no aññāta’’nti. Bhikkhū tathāgatassa ārocesuṃ. Satthā te bhikkhū pakkosāpetvā mukhapaṭiññaṃ gahetvā mūlapariyāyaṃ desesi. Te bhikkhū desanāya neva āgataṭṭhānaṃ, na gataṭṭhānaṃ addasaṃsu. Apassantā ‘‘sammāsambuddho ‘mayhaṃ kathā niyyātī’ti mukhasampattameva kathetī’’ti cintayiṃsu. Satthā tesaṃ manaṃ jānitvā imaṃ suttantaṃ ārabhi.

Tattha abhiññāyāti ‘‘ime pañcakkhandhā, dvādasāyatanāni, aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo, bāvīsatindriyāni, cattāri saccāni, nava hetū, satta phassā, satta vedanā, satta cetanā, satta saññā, satta cittānī’’ti jānitvā paṭivijjhitvā paccakkhaṃ katvā, tathā – ‘‘ime cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’’tiādinā nayena te te dhamme jānitvā paṭivijjhitvā paccakkhameva katvāti attho. Sanidānanti sappaccayameva katvā kathemi, no appaccayaṃ. Sappāṭihāriyanti paccanīkapaṭiharaṇena sappāṭihāriyameva katvā kathemi, no appāṭihāriyaṃ. Alañca pana voti yuttañca pana tumhākaṃ. Tuṭṭhiyāti ‘‘sammāsambuddho bhagavā, svākkhāto dhammo, suppaṭipanno saṅgho’’ti tīṇi ratanāni guṇato anussarantānaṃ tumhākaṃ yuttameva tuṭṭhiṃ kātunti attho. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo.

Akampitthāti chahi ākārehi akampittha. Evarūpo hi pathavikampo bodhimaṇḍepi ahosi. Bodhisatte kira dakkhiṇadisābhāgena bodhimaṇḍaṃ abhiruḷhe dakkhiṇadisābhāgo heṭṭhā avīciṃ pāpuṇanto viya ahosi, uttarabhāgo uggantvā bhavaggaṃ abhihananto viya. Pacchimadisaṃ gate pacchimabhāgo heṭṭhā avīciṃ pāpuṇanto viya ahosi, pācīnabhāgo uggantvā bhavaggaṃ abhihananto viya. Uttaradisaṃ gate uttaradisābhāgo heṭṭhā avīciṃ pāpuṇanto viya, dakkhiṇadisābhāgo uggantvā bhavaggaṃ abhihananto viya. Pācīnadisaṃ gate pācīnadisābhāgo heṭṭhā avīciṃ pāpuṇanto viya, pacchimabhāgo uggantvā bhavaggaṃ abhihananto viya. Bodhirukkhopi sakiṃ heṭṭhā avīciṃ pāpuṇanto viya, sakiṃ uggantvā bhavaggaṃ abhihananto viya. Tasmimpi divase evaṃ chahi ākārehi cakkavāḷasahassī mahāpathavī akampittha.

4. Bharaṇḍukālāmasuttavaṇṇanā

127. Catutthe kevalakappanti sakalakappaṃ. Anvāhiṇḍantoti vicaranto. Nāddasāti kiṃ kāraṇā na addasa? Ayaṃ kira bharaṇḍu kālāmo sakyānaṃ aggapiṇḍaṃ khādanto vicarati. Tassa vasanaṭṭhānaṃ sampattakāle ekā dhammadesanā samuṭṭhahissatīti ñatvā bhagavā evaṃ adhiṭṭhāsi, yathā añño āvasatho na paññāyittha. Tasmā na addasa. Purāṇasabrahmacārīti porāṇako sabrahmacārī. So kira āḷārakālāmakāle tasmiṃyeva assame ahosi, taṃ sandhāyevamāha. Santharaṃ paññāpehīti santharitabbaṃ santharāhīti attho. Santharaṃ paññāpetvāti kappiyamañcake paccattharaṇaṃ paññāpetvā. Kāmānaṃ pariññaṃ paññāpetīti ettha pariññā nāma samatikkamo, tasmā kāmānaṃ samatikkamaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ paññāpeti. Na rūpānaṃ pariññanti rūpānaṃ samatikkamabhūtaṃ arūpāvacarasamāpattiṃ na paññāpeti. Na vedanānaṃ pariññanti vedanānaṃ samatikkamaṃ nibbānaṃ na paññāpeti. Niṭṭhāti gati nipphatti. Udāhu puthūti udāhu nānā.

5. Hatthakasuttavaṇṇanā

128. Pañcame abhikkantāya rattiyāti ettha abhikkantasaddo khayasundarābhirūpaabbhanumodanādīsu dissati. Tattha ‘‘abhikkantā, bhante, ratti, nikkhanto paṭhamo yāmo, ciranisinno bhikkhusaṅgho, uddisatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ pātimokkha’’nti evamādīsu khaye dissati. ‘‘Ayaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro cā’’ti evamādīsu (a. ni. 4.100) sundare.

‘‘Ko me vandati pādāni, iddhiyā yasasā jalaṃ;

Abhikkantena vaṇṇena, sabbā obhāsayaṃ disā’’ti. (vi. va. 857) –

Evamādīsu abhirūpe. ‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bho gotamā’’ti evamādīsu (pārā. 15) abbhanumodane. Idha pana sundare. Tena abhikkantāya rattiyāti iṭṭhāya kantāya manāpāya rattiyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Abhikkantavaṇṇāti idha abhikkantasaddo abhirūpe, vaṇṇasaddo pana chavithutikulavaggakāraṇasaṇṭhānapamāṇarūpāyatanādīsu dissati. Tattha ‘‘suvaṇṇavaṇṇosi bhagavā’’ti evamādīsu (ma. ni. 2.399; su. ni. 553) chaviyaṃ. ‘‘Kadā saññūḷhā pana te gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa vaṇṇā’’ti evamādīsu (ma. ni. 2.77) thutiyaṃ. ‘‘Cattārome, bho gotama, vaṇṇā’’ti evamādīsu (dī. ni. 3.115) kulavagge. ‘‘Atha kena nu vaṇṇena, gandhatthenoti vuccatī’’ti evamādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.234) kāraṇe. ‘‘Mahantaṃ hatthirājavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā’’ti evamādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.138) saṇṭhāne. ‘‘Tayo pattassa vaṇṇā’’ti evamādīsu (pārā. 602) pamāṇe. ‘‘Vaṇṇo gandho raso ojā’’ti evamādīsu rūpāyatane. So idha chaviyā daṭṭhabbo. Tena abhikkantavaṇṇāti abhirūpacchavi, iṭṭhavaṇṇā manāpavaṇṇāti vuttaṃ hoti.

Kevalakappanti ettha kevalasaddo anavasesayebhuyyābyāmissānatirekadaḷhatthavisaṃyogādianekattho. Tathā hissa ‘‘kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariya’’nti evamādīsu (pārā. 1) anavasesatā attho. ‘‘Kevalakappā ca aṅgamagadhā pahūtaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ ādāya upasaṅkamissantī’’ti evamādīsu (mahāva. 43) yebhuyyatā. ‘‘Kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hotī’’ti evamādīsu (vibha. 225) abyāmissatā. ‘‘Kevalaṃ saddhāmattakaṃ nūna ayamāyasmā’’ti evamādīsu (mahāva. 244) anatirekatā. ‘‘Āyasmato, bhante, anuruddhassa bāhiyo nāma saddhivihāriko kevalakappaṃ saṅghabhedāya ṭhito’’ti evamādīsu (a. ni. 4.243) daḷhatthatā. ‘‘Kevalī vusitavā uttamapurisoti vuccatī’’ti evamādīsu (saṃ. ni. 3.57) visaṃyogo. Idha pana anavasesatā atthoti adhippetā.

Kappasaddo panāyaṃ abhisaddahanavohārakālapaññattichedanavikappalesasamantabhāvādianekattho. Tathā hissa ‘‘okappaniyametaṃ bhoto gotamassa, yathā taṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’’ti evamādīsu (ma. ni. 1.387) abhisaddahanamattho. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahi samaṇakappehi phalaṃ paribhuñjitu’’nti evamādīsu (cūḷava. 250) vohāro. ‘‘Yena sudaṃ niccakappaṃ viharāmī’’ti evamādīsu (ma. ni. 1.387) kālo. ‘‘Iccāyasmā kappo’’ti evamādīsu (su. ni. 1098; cūḷani. kappamāṇavapucchā 117, kappamāṇavapucchāniddeso 61) paññatti . ‘‘Alaṅkato kappitakesamassū’’ti evamādīsu (jā. 2.22.1368; vi. va. 1094) chedanaṃ. ‘‘Kappati dvaṅgulakappo’’ti evamādīsu (cūḷava. 446) vikappo. ‘‘Atthi kappo nipajjitu’’nti evamādīsu (a. ni. 8.80) leso. ‘‘Kevalakappaṃ veḷuvanaṃ obhāsetvā’’ti evamādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.94) samantabhāvo. Idha panassa samantabhāvo attho adhippeto. Tasmā kevalakappaṃ jetavananti ettha anavasesaṃ samantato jetavananti attho.

Obhāsetvāti ābhāya pharitvā. Vālukāyāti saṇhāya vālukāya. Na saṇṭhātīti na patiṭṭhāti. Oḷārikanti brahmadevatāya hi pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhānakāle attabhāvo oḷāriko māpetuṃ vaṭṭati pathavī vā, tasmā evamāha. Dhammāti iminā pubbe uggahitabuddhavacanaṃ dasseti. Nappavattino ahesunti sajjhāyamūḷhakā vācā parihīnāyeva ahesuṃ. Appaṭivānoti anivatto anukkaṇṭhito.

Dassanassāti cakkhuviññāṇena dassanassa. Upaṭṭhānassāti catūhi paccayehi upaṭṭhānassa. Adhisīlanti dasavidhaṃ sīlaṃ. Tañhi pañcasīlaṃ upādāya adhisīlanti vuccati. Avihaṃ gatoti avihabrahmaloke nibbattosmīti dasseti.

6. Kaṭuviyasuttavaṇṇanā

129. Chaṭṭhe goyogapilakkhasminti gāvīnaṃ vikkayaṭṭhāne uṭṭhitapilakkhassa santike. Rittassādanti jhānasukhābhāvena rittassādaṃ. Bāhirassādanti kāmaguṇasukhavasena bāhirassādaṃ. Kaṭuviyanti ucchiṭṭhaṃ. Āmagandhenāti kodhasaṅkhātena vissagandhena. Avassutanti tintaṃ. Makkhikāti kilesamakkhikā. Nānupatissantīti uṭṭhāya na anubandhissanti. Nānvāssavissantīti anubandhitvā na khādissanti. Saṃvegamāpādīti sotāpanno jāto.

Kaṭuviyakatoti ucchiṭṭhakato. Ārakā hotīti dūre hoti. Vighātasseva bhāgavāti dukkhasseva bhāgī. Caretīti carati gacchati. Dummedhoti duppañño. Imasmiṃ sutte vaṭṭameva kathitaṃ, gāthāsu vaṭṭavivaṭṭaṃ kathitanti. Sattame vaṭṭameva bhāsitaṃ.

8. Dutiyaanuruddhasuttavaṇṇanā

131. Aṭṭhame idaṃ te mānasminti ayaṃ te navavidhena vaḍḍhitamānoti attho. Idaṃ te uddhaccasminti idaṃ tava uddhaccaṃ cittassa uddhatabhāvo. Idaṃte kukkuccasminti idaṃ tava kukkuccaṃ.

9. Paṭicchannasuttavaṇṇanā

132. Navame āvahantīti niyyanti. Paṭicchanno āvahatīti paṭicchannova hutvā niyyāti. Vivaṭo virocatīti ettha ekato ubhato attato sabbatthakatoti catubbidhā vivaṭatā veditabbā. Tattha ekato vivaṭaṃ nāma asādhāraṇasikkhāpadaṃ. Ubhato vivaṭaṃ nāma sādhāraṇasikkhāpadaṃ. Attato vivaṭaṃ nāma paṭiladdhadhammaguṇo. Sabbatthakavivaṭaṃ nāma tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ.

10. Lekhasuttavaṇṇanā

133. Dasame abhiṇhanti abhikkhaṇaṃ nirantaraṃ. Āgāḷhenāti gāḷhena kakkhaḷena. Pharusenāti pharusavacanena. Gāḷhaṃ katvā pharusaṃ katvā vuccamānopīti attho. Amanāpenāti manaṃ anallīyantena avaḍḍhantena. Sandhiyatimevāti ghaṭiyatiyeva. Saṃsandatimevāti nirantarova hoti. Sammodatimevāti ekībhāvameva gacchati. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.

Kusināravaggo tatiyo.

 

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