3. Gahapativaggo

1. Paṭhamauggasuttavaṇṇanā

21. Tatiyassa paṭhame paññatte āsane nisīdīti tassa kira ghare pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ pañca āsanasatāni niccaṃ paññattāneva honti, tesu aññatarasmiṃ āsane nisīdi. Taṃ suṇāhīti te suṇāhi, taṃ vā aṭṭhavidhaṃ acchariyadhammaṃ suṇāhi. Cittaṃ pasīdīti ‘‘buddho nu kho na buddho nu kho’’ti vitakkamattampi na uppajji, ayameva buddhoti cittuppādo pasanno anāvilo ahosi. Sakāni vā ñātikulānīti attano yāpanamattaṃ dhanaṃ gahetvā ñātigharāni gacchatu. Kassa vo dammīti katarapurisassa tumhe dadāmi, ārocetha me attano adhippāyaṃ. Appaṭivibhattāti ‘‘ettakaṃ dassāmi ettakaṃ na dassāmi, idaṃ dassāmi idaṃ na dassāmī’’ti cittaṃ uppādentena hi paṭivibhattā nāma hoti, mayhaṃ pana na evaṃ. Atha kho saṅghikā viya gaṇasantakā viya ca sīlavantehi saddhiṃ sādhāraṇāyeva. Sakkaccaṃyeva payirupāsāmīti sahatthā upaṭṭhahāmi, cittīkārena upasaṅkamāmi.

Anacchariyaṃ kho pana maṃ, bhanteti, bhante, yaṃ maṃ devatā upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ ārocenti, idaṃ na acchariyaṃ. Yaṃ panāhaṃ tatonidānaṃ cittassa uṇṇatiṃ nābhijānāmi, taṃ eva acchariyanti vadati. Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhūti ettha kiñcāpi bhikkhuṃ āmanteti, upāsakasseva pana veyyākaraṇasampahaṃsane esa sādhukāroti veditabbo.

2. Dutiyauggasuttavaṇṇanā

22. Dutiye nāgavaneti tassa kira seṭṭhino nāgavanaṃ nāma uyyānaṃ, so tattha purebhattaṃ gandhamālādīni gāhāpetvā uyyānakīḷikaṃ kīḷitukāmo gantvā paricāriyamāno bhagavantaṃ addasa. Saha dassanenevassa purimanayeneva cittaṃ pasīdi, surāpānena ca uppannamando taṅkhaṇaṃyeva pahīyi. Taṃ sandhāyevamāha. Oṇojesinti udakaṃ hatthe pātetvā adāsiṃ. Asukoti amuko. Samacittova demīti ‘‘imassa thokaṃ, imassa bahuka’’nti evaṃ cittanānattaṃ na karomi, deyyadhammaṃ pana ekasadisaṃ karomīti dasseti. Ārocentīti ākāse ṭhatvā ārocenti. Natthi taṃ saṃyojananti iminā upāsako attano anāgāmiphalaṃ byākaroti.

3. Paṭhamahatthakasuttavaṇṇanā

23. Tatiye hatthako āḷavakoti bhagavatā āḷavakayakkhassa hatthato hatthehi sampaṭicchitattā hatthakoti laddhanāmo rājakumāro. Sīlavāti pañcasīladasasīlena sīlavā. Cāgavāti cāgasampanno. Kaccittha, bhanteti, bhante, kacci ettha bhagavato byākaraṇaṭṭhāne. Appicchoti adhigamappicchatāya appiccho.

4. Dutiyahatthakasuttavaṇṇanā

24. Catutthe pañcamattehi upāsakasatehīti sotāpannasakadāgāmīnaṃyeva ariyasāvakaupāsakānaṃ pañcahi satehi parivuto bhuttapātarāso gandhamālavilepenacuṇṇāni gahetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Saṅgahavatthūnīti saṅgaṇhanakāraṇāni. Tehāhanti tehi ahaṃ. Taṃ dānena saṅgaṇhāmīti naṅgalabalibaddabhattabījādīni ceva gandhamālamūlādīni ca datvā saṅgaṇhāmi. Peyyavajjenāti amma, tāta, bhātara, bhaginītiādikena kaṇṇasukhena mudukena piyavacanena saṅgaṇhāmi. Atthacariyāyāti ‘‘imassa dānena vā piyavacanena vā kiccaṃ natthi, atthacariyāya saṅgaṇhitabbayuttako aya’’nti ñatvā uppannakiccanittharaṇasaṅkhātāya atthacariyāya saṅgaṇhāmi. Samānattatāyāti ‘‘imassa dānādīhi kiccaṃ natthi, samānattatāya saṅgaṇhitabbo aya’’nti ekato khādanapivananisajjādīhi attanā samānaṃ katvā saṅgaṇhāmi. Daliddassa kho no tathā sotabbaṃ maññantīti daliddassa kiñci dātuṃ vā kātuṃ vā asakkontassa, yathā daliddassa no tathā sotabbaṃ maññanti, mama pana sotabbaṃ maññanti, dinnovāde tiṭṭhanti, na me anusāsaniṃ atikkamitabbaṃ maññanti. Yoni kho tyāyanti upāyo kho te ayaṃ. Imesu pana dvīsupi suttesu satthārā sīlacāgapaññā missakā kathitāti veditabbā.

5-6. Mahānāmasuttādivaṇṇanā

25-26. Pañcame atthūpaparikkhitā hotīti atthānatthaṃ kāraṇākāraṇaṃ upaparikkhitā hoti. Chaṭṭhe saddhāsīlacāgā missakā kathitā.

7. Paṭhamabalasuttavaṇṇanā

27. Sattame ujjhattibalāti ujjhānabalā. Bālānañhi ‘‘yaṃ asuko idañcidañca āha, maṃ so āha, na añña’’nti evaṃ ujjhānameva balaṃ. Nijjhattibalāti ‘‘na idaṃ evaṃ, evaṃ nāmeta’’nti atthānatthanijjhāpanaṃyeva balaṃ. Paṭisaṅkhānabalāti paccavekkhaṇabalā. Khantibalāti adhivāsanabalā.

8. Dutiyabalasuttavaṇṇanā

28. Aṭṭhame balānīti ñāṇabalāni. Āsavānaṃ khayaṃ paṭijānātīti arahattaṃ paṭijānāti. Aniccatoti hutvā abhāvākārena. Yathābhūtanti yathāsabhāvato. Sammappaññāyāti sahavipassanāya maggapaññāya. Aṅgārakāsūpamāti santāpanaṭṭhena aṅgārakāsuyā upamitā ime kāmāti. Vivekaninnanti phalasamāpattivasena nibbānaninnaṃ. Vivekaṭṭhanti kilesehi vajjitaṃ dūrībhūtaṃ vā. Nekkhammābhiratanti pabbajjābhirataṃ. Byantibhūtanti vigatantabhūtaṃ ekadesenāpi anallīnaṃ visaṃyuttaṃ visaṃsaṭṭhaṃ. Āsavaṭṭhāniyehīti sampayogavasena āsavānaṃ kāraṇabhūtehi, kilesadhammehīti attho. Atha vā byantibhūtanti vigatavāyanti attho. Kuto? Sabbaso āsavaṭṭhāniyehi dhammehi, sabbehi tebhūmakadhammehīti attho. Imasmiṃ sutte ariyamaggo lokiyalokuttaro kathito.

9. Akkhaṇasuttavaṇṇanā

29. Navame khaṇe kiccāni karotīti khaṇakicco, okāsaṃ labhitvāva kiccāni karotīti attho. Dhammoti catusaccadhammo. Opasamikoti kilesūpasamāvaho. Parinibbāyikoti kilesaparinibbānakaro. Catumaggañāṇasaṅkhātaṃ sambodhiṃ gacchati sampāpuṇātīti sambodhagāmī. Dīghāyukaṃ devanikāyanti idaṃ asaññaṃ devanikāyaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Aviññātāresūti ativiya aviññūsu.

Suppavediteti sukathite. Antarāyikāti antarāyakarā. Khaṇo ve mā upaccagāti ayaṃ laddho khaṇo mā atikkami. Idhaceva naṃ virādhetīti sace koci pamattacārī idha imaṃ khaṇaṃ labhitvāpi saddhammassa niyāmataṃ ariyamaggaṃ virādheti na sampādeti. Atītatthoti hāpitattho. Cirattaṃ anutapissatīti cirarattaṃ socissati. Yathā hi ‘‘asukaṭṭhāne bhaṇḍaṃ samuppanna’’nti sutvā eko vāṇijo na gaccheyya, aññe gantvā gaṇheyyuṃ, tesaṃ taṃ aṭṭhaguṇampi dasaguṇampi bhaveyya. Atha itaro ‘‘mama attho atikkanto’’ti anutapeyya, evaṃ yo idha khaṇaṃ labhitvā appaṭipajjanto saddhammassa niyāmataṃ virādheti, so ayaṃ vāṇijova atītattho ciraṃ anutapissati socissati. Kiñca bhiyyo avijjānivutoti tathā. Paccavidunti paṭivijjhiṃsu. Saṃvarāti sīlasaṃvarā. Māradheyyaparānugeti māradheyyasaṅkhātaṃ saṃsāraṃ anugate. Pāraṅgatāti nibbānaṃ gatā. Ye pattā āsavakkhayanti ye arahattaṃ pattā. Evamidha gāthāsu vaṭṭavivaṭṭaṃ kathitaṃ.

10. Anuruddhamahāvitakkasuttavaṇṇanā

30. Dasame cetīsūti cetināmakānaṃ rājūnaṃ nivāsaṭṭhānattā evaṃladdhavohāre raṭṭhe. Pācīnavaṃsadāyeti dasabalassa vasanaṭṭhānato pācīnadisāya ṭhite vaṃsadāye nīlobhāsehi veḷūhi sañchanne araññe. Evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādīti thero kira pabbajitvā paṭhamaantovassamhiyeva samāpattilābhī hutvā sahassalokadhātudassanasamatthaṃ dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ uppādesi. So sāriputtattherassa santikaṃ gantvā evamāha – ‘‘idhāhaṃ, āvuso sāriputta, dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sahassalokaṃ olokemi. Āraddhaṃ kho pana me vīriyaṃ asallīnaṃ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, passaddho kāyo asāraddho, samāhitaṃ cittaṃ ekaggaṃ. Atha ca pana me anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ na vimuccatī’’ti. Atha naṃ thero āha – ‘‘yaṃ kho te, āvuso anuruddha, evaṃ hoti ‘ahaṃ dibbena cakkhunā…pe… olokemī’ti, idaṃ te mānasmiṃ. Yampi te, āvuso, anuruddha evaṃ hoti ‘āraddhaṃ kho pana me vīriyaṃ…pe… ekagga’nti, idaṃ te uddhaccasmiṃ. Yampi te, āvuso anuruddha, evaṃ hoti ‘atha ca pana me anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ na vimuccatī’ti, idaṃ te kukkuccasmiṃ. Sādhu vatāyasmā anuruddho ime tayo dhamme pahāya ime tayo dhamme amanasikaritvā amatāya dhātuyā cittaṃ upasaṃharatū’’ti evamassa thero kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathesi. So kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā satthāraṃ āpucchitvā cetiraṭṭhaṃ gantvā samaṇadhammaṃ karonto aṭṭhamāsaṃ caṅkamena vītināmesi. So padhānaveganimmathitattā kilantakāyo ekassa veḷugumbassa heṭṭhā nisīdi. Athassāyaṃ evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi, esa mahāpurisavitakko uppajjīti attho.

Appicchassāti ettha paccayappiccho, adhigamappiccho, pariyattiappiccho, dhutaṅgappicchoti cattāro appicchā. Tattha paccayappiccho bahuṃ dente appaṃ gaṇhāti, appaṃ dente appataraṃ gaṇhāti, na anavasesaggāhī hoti. Adhigamappiccho majjhantikatthero viya attano adhigamaṃ aññesaṃ jānituṃ na deti. Pariyattiappiccho tepiṭakopi samāno na bahussutabhāvaṃ jānāpetukāmo hoti sāketatissatthero viya. Dhutaṅgappiccho dhutaṅgapariharaṇabhāvaṃ aññesaṃ jānituṃ na deti dvebhātikattheresu jeṭṭhatthero viya. Vatthu visuddhimagge kathitaṃ. Ayaṃ dhammoti evaṃ santaguṇaniguhanena ca paṭiggahaṇe mattaññutāya ca appicchassa puggalassa ayaṃ navalokuttaradhammo sampajjati, no mahicchassa. Evaṃ sabbattha yojetabbaṃ.

Santuṭṭhassāti catūsu paccayesu tīhi santosehi santuṭṭhassa. Pavivittassāti kāyacittaupadhivivekehi vivittassa. Tattha kāyaviveko nāma gaṇasaṅgaṇikaṃ vinodetvā ārambhavatthuvasena ekībhāvo. Ekībhāvamatteneva kammaṃ na nipphajjatīti kasiṇaparikammaṃ katvā aṭṭha samāpattiyo nibbatteti, ayaṃ cittaviveko nāma. Samāpattimatteneva kammaṃ na nipphajjatīti jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā saṅkhāre sammasitvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti, ayaṃ sabbākārato upadhiviveko nāma. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘kāyaviveko ca vivekaṭṭhakāyānaṃ nekkhammābhiratānaṃ, cittaviveko ca parisuddhacittānaṃ paramavodānappattānaṃ, upadhiviveko ca nirupadhīnaṃ puggalānaṃ visaṅkhāragatāna’’nti (mahāni. 7, 49).

Saṅgaṇikārāmassāti gaṇasaṅgaṇikāya ceva kilesasaṅgaṇikāya ca ratassa. Āraddhavīriyassāti kāyikacetasikavīriyavasena āraddhavīriyassa. Upaṭṭhitassatissāti catusatipaṭṭhānavasena upaṭṭhitassatissa. Samāhitassāti ekaggacittassa. Paññavatoti kammassakatapaññāya paññavato.

Sādhu sādhūti therassa vitakkaṃ sampahaṃsento evamāha. Imaṃ aṭṭhamanti satta nidhī laddhapurisassa aṭṭhamaṃ dento viya, satta maṇiratanāni, satta hatthiratanāni, satta assaratanāni laddhapurisassa aṭṭhamaṃ dento viya satta mahāpurisavitakke vitakketvā ṭhitassa aṭṭhamaṃ ācikkhanto evamāha. Nippapañcārāmassāti taṇhāmānadiṭṭhipapañcarahitattā nippapañcasaṅkhāte nibbānapade abhiratassa. Itaraṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ. Papañcārāmassāti yathāvuttesu papañcesu abhiratassa. Itaraṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ.

Yatoti yadā. Tatoti tadā. Nānārattānanti nilapītalohitodātavaṇṇehi nānārajanehi rattānaṃ. Paṃsukūlanti tevīsatiyā khettesu ṭhitapaṃsukūlacīvaraṃ. Khāyissatīti yathā tassa pubbaṇhasamayādīsu yasmiṃ samaye yaṃ icchati, tasmiṃ samaye taṃ pārupantassa so dussakaraṇḍako manāpo hutvā khāyati, evaṃ tuyhampi cīvarasantosamahāariyavaṃsena tuṭṭhassa viharato paṃsukūlacīvaraṃ khāyissati upaṭṭhahissati. Ratiyāti ratiatthāya. Aparitassāyāti taṇhādiṭṭhiparitassanāhi aparitassanatthāya. Phāsuvihārāyāti sukhavihāratthāya. Okkamanāya nibbānassāti amataṃ nibbānaṃ otaraṇatthāya.

Piṇḍiyālopabhojananti gāmanigamarājadhānīsu jaṅghābalaṃ nissāya gharapaṭipāṭiyā carantena laddhapiṇḍiyālopabhojanaṃ. Khāyissatīti tassa gahapatino nānaggarasabhojanaṃ viya upaṭṭhahissati . Santuṭṭhassa viharatoti piṇḍapātasantosamahāariyavaṃsena santuṭṭhassa viharato. Rukkhamūlasenāsanaṃ khāyissatīti tassa gahapatino tebhūmakapāsāde gandhakusumavāsasugandhaṃ kūṭāgāraṃ viya rukkhamūlaṃ upaṭṭhahissati. Santuṭṭhassāti senāsanasantosamahāariyavaṃsena santuṭṭhassa. Tiṇasanthārakoti tiṇehi vā paṇṇehi vā bhūmiyaṃ vā phalakapāsāṇatalāni vā aññatarasmiṃ santhatasanthato. Pūtimuttanti yaṃkiñci muttaṃ. Taṅkhaṇe gahitampi pūtimuttameva vuccati duggandhattā. Santuṭṭhassa viharatoti gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārasantosena santuṭṭhassa viharato.

Iti bhagavā catūsu ṭhānesu arahattaṃ pakkhipanto kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathetvā ‘‘katarasenāsane nu kho vasantassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ sappāyaṃ bhavissatī’’ti āvajjento ‘‘tasmiññeva vasantassā’’ti ñatvā tena hi tvaṃ, anuruddhātiādimāha. Pavivittassa viharatoti tīhi vivekehi vivittassa viharantassa. Uyyojanikapaṭisaṃyuttanti uyyojanikeheva vacanehi paṭisaṃyuttaṃ, tesaṃ upaṭṭhānagamanakaṃyevāti attho. Papañcanirodheti nibbānapade . Pakkhandatīti ārammaṇakaraṇavasena pakkhandati. Pasīdatītiādīsupi ārammaṇavaseneva pasīdanasantiṭṭhanamuccanā veditabbā. Iti bhagavā cetiraṭṭhe pācīnavaṃsadāye āyasmato anuruddhassa kathite aṭṭha mahāpurisavitakke puna bhesakaḷāvanamahāvihāre nisīditvā bhikkhusaṅghassa vitthārena kathesi.

Manomayenāti manena nibbattitakāyopi manomayoti vuccati manena gatakāyopi, idha manena gatakāyaṃ sandhāyevamāha. Yathā me ahu saṅkappoti yathā mayhaṃ vitakko ahosi, tato uttari aṭṭhamaṃ mahāpurisavitakkaṃ dassento tato uttariṃ desayi. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.

Gahapativaggo tatiyo.

 

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