Lesson 7
VOCABULARY
1. Masculine nouns ending in -a
| nāvika | sailor |
| ākāsa | sky |
| samudda | ocean, sea |
| deva / sura | deity, god |
| loka | world |
| āloka | light |
| sakuṇa | bird |
| kāka | crow |
| nivāsa | house |
| sappurisa | virtuous man |
| asappurisa | wicked man |
| kāya | body |
| dūta | messenger |
| goṇa | ox, bull |
Verbs
| āhiṇḍati | wanders |
| carati | walks |
| nisīdati | sits |
| sannipatati | assembles |
| viharati | dwells |
| vasati | lives |
| jīvati | lives |
| tiṭṭhati | stands |
| uppatati | flies, jumps up |
| tarati | crosses (water) |
| uttarati | comes out (of water) |
| pasīdati | becomes glad, – is pleased with |
2. Declension of masculine nouns ending in -a (contd.)
Locative case:
Case endings -e / -mhi / -smiṃ are added to the nominal base to form the locative singular.
The case ending -esu is added to form the locative plural.
Singular:
1. nara + e / mhi / smiṃ = nare, naramhi, narasmiṃ (in / on / at the man)
2. mātula + e / mhi / smiṃ = mātule, mātulamhi, mātulasmiṃ (in / on / at the uncle)
3. kassaka + e / mhi / smiṃ = kassake, kassakamhi, kassakasmiṃ (in / on / at the farmer)
Plural:
1. nara + esu = naresu (in / on / at men)
2. mātula + esu = mātulesu (in / on / at uncles)
3. kassaka + esu = kassakesu (in / on / at farmers)
3. Examples in sentence formation
Singular:
1. Sappo narasmiṃ patati.
The snake falls on the man.
2. Putto mātulamhi pasīdati.
The son is pleased with the uncle.
3. Vāṇijo kassakasmiṃ pasīdati.
The merchant is pleased with the farmer.
Plural:
1. Sappā naresu patanti.
Snakes fall on men.
2. Puttā mātulesu pasīdanti.
Sons are pleased with their uncles.
3. Vāṇijā kassakesu pasīdanti.
Merchants are pleased with farmers.
Exercise 7:
4. Translate into English:
1. Brāhmaṇo sahāyakena saddhiṃ rathamhi nisīdati.
2. Asappurisā corehi saha gāmesu caranti.
3. Vāṇijo kassakassa nivāse bhattaṃ pacati.
4. Bhūpālassa amaccā dīpesu manusse rakkhanti.
5. Sugatassa sāvakā vihārasmiṃ vasanti.
6. Makkaṭo rukkhamhā āvāṭasmiṃ patati.
7. Suriyassa āloko samuddamhi patati.
8. Kassakānaṃ goṇā gāme āhiṇḍanti.
9. Vejjassa dārako mañcasmiṃ sayati.
10. Dhīvarā samuddamhā piṭakesu macche āharanti.
11. Sīho pāsāṇasmiṃ tiṭṭhati, makkaṭā rukkhesu caranti.
12. Bhūpālassa dūto amaccena saddhiṃ samuddaṃ tarati.
13. Manussā loke jīvanti, devā sagge vasanti.
14. Migā pabbatesu dhāvanti, sakuṇā ākāse uppatanti.
15. Amacco khaggaṃ bhūpālassa hatthamhā ādadāti.
16. Ācariyo mātulassa nivāse mañcamhi puttena saha nisīdati.
17. Tāpasā pabbatamhi viharanti.
18. Upāsakā samaṇehi saddhiṃ vihāre sannipatanti.
19. Kākā rukkhehi uppatanti.
20. Buddho dhammaṃ bhāsati, sappurisā Buddhamhi pasīdanti.
21. Asappuriso khaggena nāvikassa dūtaṃ paharati.
22. Puriso sarena sakuṇaṃ vijjhati, sakuṇo rukkhamhā āvāṭasmiṃ patati.
23. Manussā suriyassa ālokena lokaṃ passanti.
24. Kassakassa goṇā magge sayanti.
25. Goṇassa kāyasmiṃ kāko tiṭṭhati.
26. Migā dīpasmiṃ pāsāṇesu nisīdanti.
27. Sakuṇo nāvikassa hatthamhā āvāṭasmiṃ patati.
28. Sappuriso nāvikena saha samuddamhā uttarati.
29. Kuddālo luddakassa hatthamhā āvāṭasmiṃ patati.
30. Suriyassa ālokena cando bhāsati (shines).
5. Translate into Pāli:
1. The lion stands on the rock in the mountain.
2. Thieves enter the house of the teacher.
3. Children run from the road to the sea with friends.
4. Uncle’s oxen wander on the road.
5. Birds sit on the tree.
6. The ox hits the goat with its foot.
7. Jackals live on the mountain.
8. The king worships the feet of the Buddha with his ministers.
9. The uncle sleeps on the bed with his son.
10. The fisherman eats rice in the house of the farmer.
11. The king’s horses live in the island.
12. The virtuous man brings a lamp for the hermit.
13. The doctor brings a garment to the teacher’s house.
14. The monkey plays with a dog on the rock.
15. The garment falls on the farmer’s body.
16. The hunter carries arrows in a basket.
17. Disciples of the Buddha assemble in the monastery.
18. The washerman washes the garments of the ministers.
19. Birds fly in the sky.
20. The virtuous man comes out of the sea together with the sailor.
21. Deities are pleased with the Buddha’s disciples.
22. Merchants cross the sea together with sailors.
23. The good man protects the dog from the serpent.
24. Crows fly from trees in the mountain.
25. The pig pulls a fish from the fisherman’s basket.
26. The light of the sun falls on the men in the world.
27. Deities go through the sky.
28. Children play with the dog on the road.
29. The wicked man drags a monkey from the tree.
30. The king’s messenger gets down from the horse.
-ooOoo-
