20. Paṭiggahaṇavinicchayakathā
104.Khādanīyādipaṭiggāhoti ajjhoharitabbassa yassa kassaci khādanīyassa vā bhojanīyassa vā paṭiggahaṇaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ vinicchayo – pañcahi aṅgehi paṭiggahaṇaṃ ruhati, thāmamajjhimassa purisassa uccāraṇamattaṃ hoti, hatthapāso paññāyati, abhihāro paññāyati, devo vā manusso vā tiracchānagato vā kāyena kāyapaṭibaddhena nissaggiyena vā deti, tañce bhikkhu kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā paṭiggaṇhāti. Evaṃ pañcahaṅgehi paṭiggahaṇaṃ ruhati.
Tattha ṭhitanisinnanipannānaṃ vasena evaṃ hatthapāso veditabbo – sace bhikkhu nisinno hoti, āsanassa pacchimantato paṭṭhāya, sace ṭhito, paṇhiantato paṭṭhāya, sace nipanno, yena passena nipanno, tassa pārimantato paṭṭhāya, dāyakassa nisinnassa vā ṭhitassa vā nipannassa vā ṭhapetvā pasāritahatthaṃ yaṃ āsannataraṃ aṅgaṃ, tassa orimantena paricchinditvā aḍḍhateyyahattho hatthapāso nāma.
Sace pana dāyakapaṭiggāhakesu eko ākāse hoti, eko bhūmiyaṃ, bhūmaṭṭhassa ca sīsena, ākāsaṭṭhassa ca ṭhapetvā dātuṃ vā gahetuṃ vā pasāritahatthaṃ yaṃ āsannataraṃ aṅgaṃ, tassa orimantena hatthapāsapamāṇaṃ paricchinditabbaṃ. Sacepi eko kūpe hoti, eko kūpataṭe, eko vā pana rukkhe, eko pathaviyaṃ, vuttanayeneva hatthapāsapamāṇaṃ paricchinditabbaṃ. Evarūpe hatthapāse ṭhatvā sacepi pakkhī mukhatuṇḍakena vā hatthī vā soṇḍāya gahetvā pupphaṃ vā phalaṃ vā deti, paṭiggahaṇaṃ ruhati. Sace pana aḍḍhaṭṭhamaratanassapi hatthino khandhe nisinno tena soṇḍāya dīyamānaṃ gaṇhāti, vaṭṭatiyeva. Hatthādīsu yena kenaci sarīrāvayavena antamaso pādaṅguliyāpi dīyamānaṃ kāyena dinnaṃ nāma hoti. Paṭiggahaṇepi eseva nayo. Yena kenaci hi sarīrāvayavena gahitaṃ kāyena gahitameva hoti. Sacepi natthukaraṇiyaṃ dīyamānaṃ nāsāpuṭena akallako vā mukhena paṭiggaṇhāti, ābhogameva hettha pamāṇaṃ.
105. Kaṭacchuādīsu pana yena kenaci upakaraṇena dinnaṃ kāyapaṭibaddhena dinnaṃ nāma hoti. Paṭiggahaṇepi eseva nayo. Yena kenaci hi sarīrasambaddhena pattathālakādinā gahitaṃ kāyapaṭibaddhena gahitameva hoti. Kāyato pana kāyapaṭibaddhato ca mocetvā hatthapāse ṭhitassa kāye vā kāyapaṭibaddhe vā pātiyamānampi nissaggiyena payogena dinnaṃ nāma hoti. Eko bahūni bhattabyañjanabhājanāni sīse katvā bhikkhussa santikaṃ āgantvā ṭhitakova ‘‘gaṇhathā’’ti vadati, na tāva abhihāro paññāyati, tasmā na gahetabbaṃ. Sace pana īsakampi onamati, bhikkhunā hatthaṃ pasāretvā heṭṭhimabhājanaṃ ekadesenapi sampaṭicchitabbaṃ. Ettāvatā sabbabhājanāni paṭiggahitāni honti. Tato paṭṭhāya oropetvā ugghāṭetvā vā yaṃ icchati, taṃ gahetuṃ vaṭṭati. Bhattapacchiādimhi pana ekabhājane vattabbameva natthi.
Kājena bhattaṃ harantopi sace kājaṃ onametvā deti, vaṭṭati. Tiṃsahattho veṇu hoti, ekasmiṃ ante guḷakumbho baddho, ekasmiṃ sappikumbho, tañce paṭiggaṇhāti, sabbaṃ paṭiggahitameva. Ucchuyantadoṇito paggharantameva ‘‘rasaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti vadati, abhihāro na paññāyatīti na gahetabbo. Sace pana kasaṭaṃ chaḍḍetvā hatthena ussiñcitvā deti, vaṭṭati. Bahū pattā mañce vā pīṭhe vā kaṭasāre vā doṇiyaṃ vā phalake vā ṭhapitā honti, yattha ṭhitassa dāyako hatthapāse hoti, tattha ṭhatvā paṭiggahaṇasaññāya mañcādīni aṅguliyāpi phusitvā ṭhitena vā nisinnena vā nipannena vā yaṃ tesu pattesu dīyati, taṃ sabbaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ hoti. Sacepi ‘‘paṭiggahessāmī’’ti mañcādīni abhiruhitvā nisīdati, vaṭṭatiyeva.
Pathaviyaṃ pana sacepi kucchiyā kucchiṃ āhacca ṭhitā honti, yaṃ yaṃ aṅguliyā vā sūciyā vā phusitvā nisinno hoti, tattha tattha dīyamānameva paṭiggahitaṃ hoti. Yattha katthaci mahākaṭasārahatthattharaṇādīsu ṭhapitapatte paṭiggahaṇaṃ na ruhatīti vuttaṃ, taṃ hatthapāsātikkamaṃ sandhāya vuttanti veditabbaṃ, hatthapāse pana sati yattha katthaci vaṭṭati aññatra tatthajātakā. Tatthajātake pana paduminipaṇṇe vā kiṃsukapaṇṇādimhi vā na vaṭṭati. Na hi taṃ kāyapaṭibaddhasaṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Yathā ca tatthajātake, evaṃ khāṇuke bandhitvā ṭhapitamañcādimhi asaṃhārime phalake vā pāsāṇe vā na ruhatiyeva. Tepi hi tatthajātakasaṅkhyupagā honti. Bhūmiyaṃ atthatesu sukhumesu tintiṇikādipaṇṇesu paṭiggahaṇaṃ na ruhati. Na hi tāni sandhāretuṃ samatthānīti. Mahantesu pana paduminipaṇṇādīsu ruhati. Sace hatthapāsaṃ atikkammaṭhito dīghadaṇḍakena uḷuṅkena deti, ‘‘āgantvā dehī’’ti vattabbo. Vacanaṃ asutvā vā anādiyitvā vā patte ākiratiyeva, puna paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Dūre ṭhatvā bhattapiṇḍaṃ khipantepi eseva nayo.
106. Sace pattathavikato nīhariyamāne patte rajanacuṇṇāni honti, sati udake dhovitabbo, asati rajanacuṇṇaṃ puñchitvā paṭiggahetvā vā piṇḍāya caritabbaṃ. Sace piṇḍāya carantassa patte rajaṃ patati, paṭiggahetvā bhikkhā gaṇhitabbā, appaṭiggahetvā gaṇhato vinayadukkaṭaṃ, taṃ pana puna paṭiggahetvā bhuñjato anāpatti. Sace pana ‘‘paṭiggahetvā dethā’’ti vutte vacanaṃ asutvā vā anādiyitvā vā bhikkhaṃ dentiyeva, vinayadukkaṭaṃ natthi, puna paṭiggahetvā aññā bhikkhā gahetabbā. Sace mahāvāto tato tato rajaṃ pāteti, na sakkā hoti bhikkhaṃ gahetuṃ, ‘‘anupasampannassa dassāmī’’ti suddhacittena ābhogaṃ katvā gaṇhituṃ vaṭṭati. Evaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā vihāraṃ vā āsanasālaṃ vā gantvā taṃ anupasampannassa datvā puna tena dinnaṃ vā tassa vissāsena vā paṭiggahetvā bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Sace bhikkhācāre sarajaṃ pattaṃ bhikkhussa deti, so vattabbo ‘‘imaṃ paṭiggahetvā bhikkhaṃ vā gaṇheyyāsi paribhuñjeyyāsi vā’’ti, tena tathā kātabbaṃ. Sace rajaṃ upari uppilavati, kañjikaṃ pavāhetvā sesaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ. Sace antopaviṭṭhaṃ hoti, paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Anupasampanne asati hatthato amocenteneva yattha anupasampanno atthi, tattha netvā paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Sukkhabhatte patitarajaṃ apanetvā bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Sace atisukhumaṃ hoti, upari bhattena saddhiṃ apanetabbaṃ, paṭiggahetvā vā bhuñjitabbaṃ. Yāguṃ vā sūpaṃ vā purato ṭhapetvā āluḷentānaṃ bhājanato phusitāni uggantvā patte patanti, patto paṭiggahetabbo.
107. Uḷuṅkena āharitvā dentānaṃ paṭhamataraṃ uḷuṅkato thevā patte patanti, supatitā, abhihaṭattā doso natthi. Sacepi carukena bhatte ākiriyamāne carukato masi vā chārikā vā patati, abhihaṭattā nevatthi doso. Anantarassa bhikkhuno dīyamānaṃ pattato uppatitvā itarassa patte patati, supatitaṃ. Paṭiggahitameva hi taṃ hoti. Sace jajjharisākhādiṃ phāletvā ekassa bhikkhuno dentānaṃ sākhato phusitāni aññassa patte patanti, patto paṭiggahetabbo, yassa pattassa upari phālenti, tassa patte patitesu dātukāmatāya abhihaṭattā doso natthi. Pāyāsassa pūretvā pattaṃ denti, uṇhattā heṭṭhā gahetuṃ na sakkoti, mukhavaṭṭiyāpi gahetuṃ vaṭṭati. Sace tathāpi na sakkoti, ādhārakena gahetabbo. Āsanasālāya pattaṃ gahetvā nisinno bhikkhu niddaṃ okkanto hoti, neva āhariyamānaṃ, na dīyamānaṃ jānāti, appaṭiggahitaṃ hoti. Sace pana ābhogaṃ katvā nisinno hoti, vaṭṭati. Sacepi so hatthena ādhārakaṃ muñcitvā pādena pelletvā niddāyati, vaṭṭatiyeva. Pādena ādhārakaṃ akkamitvā paṭiggaṇhantassa pana jāgarantassapi anādarapaṭiggahaṇaṃ hoti, tasmā na kattabbaṃ. Keci ‘‘evaṃ ādhārakena paṭiggahaṇaṃ kāyapaṭibaddhapaṭibaddhena paṭiggahaṇaṃ nāma hoti , tasmā na vaṭṭatī’’ti vadanti, taṃ vacanamattameva, atthato pana sabbampetaṃ kāyapaṭibaddhameva hoti. Kāyasaṃsaggepi cesa nayo dassito. Yampi bhikkhussa dīyamānaṃ patati, tampi sāmaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati.
Tatridaṃ suttaṃ –
‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yaṃ dīyamānaṃ patati, taṃ sāmaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjituṃ, pariccattaṃ taṃ, bhikkhave, dāyakehī’’ti (cūḷava. 273).
Idañca pana suttaṃ neyyatthaṃ, tasmā evamettha adhippāyo veditabbo – yaṃ dīyamānaṃ dāyakassa hatthato parigaḷitvā suddhāya vā bhūmiyā paduminipaṇṇe vā vatthakaṭasārakādīsu vā patati, taṃ sāmaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Yaṃ pana sarajāya bhūmiyaṃ patati, taṃ rajaṃ puñchitvā vā dhovitvā vā paṭiggahetvā vā paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Sace pavaṭṭantaṃ aññassa bhikkhuno santikaṃ gacchati, tena āharāpetumpi vaṭṭati. Sace taṃ bhikkhuṃ vadati ‘‘tvaṃyeva khādā’’ti, tassapi khādituṃ vaṭṭati, anāṇattena pana tena na gahetabbaṃ. ‘‘Anāṇattenapi itarassa dassāmīti gahetuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti kurundiyaṃ vuttaṃ. Kasmā panetaṃ itarassa bhikkhuno gahetuṃ na vaṭṭatīti? Bhagavatā ananuññātattā. Bhagavatā hi ‘‘sāmaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjitu’’nti vadantena yasseva taṃ dīyamānaṃ patati, tassa appaṭiggahitakampi taṃ gahetvā paribhogo anuññāto. ‘‘Pariccattaṃ taṃ, bhikkhave, dāyakehī’’ti vacanena panettha parasantakabhāvo dīpito, tasmā aññassa sāmaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjituṃ na vaṭṭati, tassa pana āṇattiyā vaṭṭatīti ayaṃ kirettha adhippāyo. Yasmā ca etaṃ appaṭiggahitakattā anuññātaṃ, tasmā yathāṭhitaṃyeva anāmasitvā kenaci pidahitvā ṭhapitaṃ dutiyadivasepi paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati, sannidhipaccayā anāpatti, paṭiggahetvā pana paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Taṃ divasaṃyeva hi tassa sāmaṃ gahetvā paribhogo anuññāto, na tato paranti ayampi kirettha adhippāyo.
108. Idāni abbohārikanayo vuccati. Bhuñjantānañhi dantā khīyanti, nakhā khīyanti, pattassa vaṇṇo khīyati, sabbaṃ abbohārikaṃ. Satthakena ucchuādīsu phālitesu malaṃ paññāyati, etaṃ navasamuṭṭhitaṃ nāma, paṭiggahetvā paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Satthakaṃ dhovitvā phālitesu malaṃ na paññāyati, lohagandhamattaṃ hoti, taṃ abbohārikaṃ. Yampi satthakaṃ gahetvā pariharanti , tena phālitepi eseva nayo. Na hi taṃ paribhogatthāya pariharantīti. Mūlabhesajjādīni pisantānaṃ vā koṭṭentānaṃ vā nisadanisadapotakaudukkhalamusalādīni khīyanti, pariharaṇakavāsiṃ tāpetvā bhesajjatthāya takke vā khīre vā pakkhipanti, tattha nīlikā paññāyati, satthake vuttasadisova vinicchayo. Āmakatakkādīsu pana sayaṃ na pakkhipitabbā, pakkhipati ce, sāmaṃpākato na muccati. Deve vassante piṇḍāya carantassa sarīrato vā cīvarato vā kiliṭṭhaudakaṃ patte patati, paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Rukkhamūlādīsu bhuñjantassa patitepi eseva nayo. Sace pana sattāhaṃ vassante deve suddhaṃ udakaṃ hoti, abbhokāsato vā patati, vaṭṭati.
109. Sāmaṇerassa odanaṃ dentena tassa pattagataṃ acchupanteneva dātabbo, patto vāssa paṭiggahetabbo. Appaṭiggahite odanaṃ chupitvā puna attano patte odanaṃ gaṇhantassa uggahitako hoti. Sace pana dātukāmo hutvā ‘‘āhara, sāmaṇera, pattaṃ, odanaṃ gaṇhāhī’’ti vadati, itaro ‘‘alaṃ mayha’’nti paṭikkhipati, puna ‘‘tavetaṃ mayā pariccatta’’nti ca vutte ‘‘na mayhaṃ etenattho’’ti vadati, satakkhattumpi pariccajatu, yāva attano hatthagataṃ, tāva paṭiggahitameva hoti. Sace pana ādhārake ṭhitaṃ nirapekkho ‘‘gaṇhāhī’’ti vadati, puna paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Sāpekkho ādhārake pattaṃ ṭhapetvā ‘‘etto pūvaṃ vā bhattaṃ vā gaṇhāhī’’ti sāmaṇeraṃ vadati, sāmaṇero hatthaṃ dhovitvā sacepi satakkhattuṃ gahetvā attano pattagataṃ aphusantova attano patte pakkhipati, puna paṭiggahaṇakiccaṃ natthi. Yadi pana attano pattagataṃ phusitvā tato gaṇhāti, sāmaṇerasantakena saṃsaṭṭhaṃ hoti, puna paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘sacepi gayhamānaṃ chijjitvā tattha patati, puna paṭiggahetabba’’nti vadanti. Taṃ ‘‘ekaṃ bhattapiṇḍaṃ gaṇha, ekaṃ pūvaṃ gaṇha, imassa guḷapiṇḍassa ettakaṃ padesaṃ gaṇhā’’ti evaṃ paricchinditvā vutte veditabbaṃ, idha pana paricchedo natthi, tasmā yaṃ sāmaṇerassa patte patati, tadeva paṭiggahaṇaṃ vijahati, hatthagataṃ pana yāva sāmaṇero vā ‘‘ala’’nti na oramati, bhikkhu vā na vāreti, tāva bhikkhusseva santakaṃ, tasmā paṭiggahaṇaṃ na vijahati. Sace attano vā bhikkhūnaṃ vā yāgupacanakabhājane kesañci atthāya bhattaṃ pakkhipati, ‘‘sāmaṇera, bhājanassa upari hatthaṃ karohī’’ti vatvā tassa hatthe pakkhipitabbaṃ. Tassa hatthato bhājane patitañhi dutiyadivase bhājanassa akappiyabhāvaṃ na karoti pariccattattā. Sace evaṃ akatvā pakkhipati, pattamiva bhājanaṃ nirāmisaṃ katvā paribhuñjitabbaṃ.
110. Dāyakā yāgukuṭaṃ ṭhapetvā gatā, taṃ daharasāmaṇero paṭiggaṇhāpetuṃ na sakkoti, bhikkhu pattaṃ upanāmeti, sāmaṇero kuṭassa gīvaṃ pattassa mukhavaṭṭiyaṃ ṭhapetvā āvajjeti, pattagatā yāgu paṭiggahitāva hoti. Atha vā bhikkhu bhūmiyaṃ hatthaṃ ṭhapeti, sāmaṇero pavaṭṭetvā hatthaṃ āropeti, vaṭṭati. Pūvapacchibhattapacchiucchubhārādīsupi eseva nayo. Sace paṭiggahaṇūpagaṃ bhāraṃ dve tayo sāmaṇerā denti, ekena vā balavatā ukkhittaṃ dve tayo bhikkhū gaṇhanti, vaṭṭati. Mañcassa vā pīṭhassa vā pāde telaghaṭaṃ vā phāṇitaghaṭaṃ vā laggenti, bhikkhussa mañcepi pīṭhepi nisīdituṃ vaṭṭati, uggahitakaṃ nāma na hoti.
Nāgadantake vā aṅkusake vā dve telaghaṭā laggitā honti upari paṭiggahitako, heṭṭhā appaṭiggahitako. Uparimaṃ gahetuṃ vaṭṭati, heṭṭhā paṭiggahitako, upari appaṭiggahitako, uparimaṃ gahetvā itaraṃ gaṇhato uparimo uggahitako hoti. Heṭṭhāmañce appaṭiggahitakaṃ telathālakaṃ hoti, tañce sammajjanto sammuñjaniyā ghaṭṭeti, uggahitakaṃ na hoti, ‘‘paṭiggahitakaṃ gaṇhissāmī’’ti appaṭiggahitakaṃ gahetvā ñatvā puna ṭhapeti, uggahitakaṃ na hoti, bahi nīharitvā sañjānāti, bahi aṭṭhapetvā haritvā tattheva ṭhapetabbaṃ, natthi doso. Sace pana pubbe vivaritvā ṭhapitaṃ, na pidahitabbaṃ. Yathā pubbe ṭhitaṃ, tatheva ṭhapetabbaṃ. Sace bahi ṭhapeti, puna na chupitabbaṃ.
111. Paṭiggahitake telādimhi kaṇṇikā uṭṭheti, siṅgiverādimhi ghanacuṇṇaṃ, taṃsamuṭṭhānameva nāma taṃ, puna paṭiggahaṇakiccaṃ natthi. Tālaṃ vā nāḷikeraṃ vā āruḷho yottena phalapiṇḍiṃ otāretvā upari ṭhitova ‘‘gaṇhathā’’ti vadati, na gahetabbaṃ. Sace añño bhūmiyaṃ ṭhito yottapāsake gahetvā ukkhipitvā deti, vaṭṭati. Saphalaṃ mahāsākhaṃ kappiyaṃ kāretvā paṭiggaṇhāti, phalāni paṭiggahitāneva honti, yathāsukhaṃ paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Antovatiyaṃ ṭhatvā vatiṃ chinditvā ucchuṃ vā timbarūsakaṃ vā denti, hatthapāse sati vaṭṭati. Daṇḍakesu apaharitvā niggataṃ gaṇhantassa vaṭṭati, paharitvā niggate aṭṭhakathāsu doso na dassito. Mayaṃ pana ‘‘yaṃ ṭhānaṃ pahaṭaṃ, tato sayaṃpatitamiva hotī’’ti takkayāma, tampi ṭhatvā gacchante yujjati suṅkaghātato pavaṭṭetvā bahipatitabhaṇḍaṃ viya. Vatiṃ vā pākāraṃ vā laṅghāpetvā denti, sace pana aputhulo pākāro, antopākāre bahipākāre ca ṭhitassa hatthapāso pahoti, hatthasatampi uddhaṃ gantvā sampattaṃ gahetuṃ vaṭṭati.
Bhikkhu gilānaṃ sāmaṇeraṃ khandhena vahati, so phalāphalaṃ disvā gahetvā khandhe nisinnova deti , vaṭṭati. Aparo bhikkhuṃ vahanto khandhe nisinnassa bhikkhuno deti, vaṭṭatiyeva. Bhikkhu phaliniṃ sākhaṃ chāyatthāya gahetvā gacchati, phalāni khādituṃ citte uppanne paṭiggahāpetvā khādituṃ vaṭṭati. Macchikavāraṇatthaṃ kappiyaṃ kāretvā paṭiggaṇhāti, khāditukāmo ce hoti, mūlapaṭiggahaṇameva vaṭṭati, khādantassa natthi doso. Bhikkhu paṭiggahaṇārahaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ manussānaṃ yāne ṭhapetvā maggaṃ gacchati, yānaṃ kaddame laggati, daharo cakkaṃ gahetvā ukkhipati, vaṭṭati, uggahitakaṃ nāma na hoti. Nāvāya ṭhapetvā nāvaṃ arittena vā pājeti, hatthena vā kaḍḍhati, vaṭṭati. Uḷumpepi eseva nayo. Cāṭiyaṃ vā kuṇḍake vā ṭhapetvāpi taṃ anupasampannena gāhāpetvā anupasampannaṃ bāhāyaṃ gahetvā tarituṃ vaṭṭati. Tasmimpi asati anupasampannaṃ gāhāpetvā taṃ bāhāyaṃ gahetvā tarituṃ vaṭṭati.
Upāsakā gamikabhikkhūnaṃ pātheyyataṇḍule denti, sāmaṇerā bhikkhūnaṃ taṇḍule gahetvā attano taṇḍule gahetuṃ na sakkonti, bhikkhū tesaṃ taṇḍule gaṇhanti, sāmaṇerā attanā gahitataṇḍulesu khīṇesu itarehi taṇḍulehi yāguṃ pacitvā sabbesaṃ pattāni paṭipāṭiyā ṭhapetvā yāguṃ ākiranti, paṇḍito sāmaṇero attano pattaṃ gahetvā therassa deti, therassa pattaṃ dutiyattherassāti evaṃ sabbānipi parivatteti, sabbehi sāmaṇerassa santakaṃ bhuttaṃ hoti, vaṭṭati. Sacepi sāmaṇero apaṇḍito hoti, attano patte yāguṃ sayameva pātuṃ ārabhati, ‘‘āvuso, tuyhaṃ yāguṃ mayhaṃ dehī’’ti therehi paṭipāṭiyā yācitvāpi pivituṃ vaṭṭati, sabbehi sāmaṇerassa santakameva bhuttaṃ hoti, neva uggahitapaccayā, na sannidhipaccayā vajjaṃ phusanti. Ettha pana mātāpitūnaṃ telādīni, chāyādīnaṃ atthāya sākhādīni ca harantānaṃ imesañca viseso na dissati, tasmā kāraṇaṃ upaparikkhitabbaṃ.
112. Sāmaṇero bhattaṃ pacitukāmo taṇḍule dhovitvā niccāletuṃ na sakkoti, bhikkhunā taṇḍule ca bhājanañca paṭiggahetvā taṇḍule dhovitvā niccāletvā bhājanaṃ uddhanaṃ āropetabbaṃ, aggi na kātabbo, pakkakāle vivaritvā pakkabhāvo jānitabbo. Sace duppakkaṃ hoti, pākatthāya pidahituṃ na vaṭṭati, rajassa vā chārikāya vā apatanatthāya vaṭṭati, pakkakāle oropituṃ bhuñjitumpi vaṭṭati, puna paṭiggahaṇakiccaṃ natthi. Sāmaṇero paṭibalo pacituṃ, khaṇo panassa natthi katthaci gantukāmo, bhikkhunā sataṇḍulodakaṃ bhājanaṃ paṭiggahetvā uddhanaṃ āropetvā ‘‘aggiṃ jāletvā gacchā’’ti vattabbo. Tato paraṃ purimanayeneva sabbaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Bhikkhu yāguatthāya suddhabhājanaṃ āropetvā udakaṃ tāpeti, vaṭṭati. Tatte udake sāmaṇero taṇḍule pakkhipati, tato paṭṭhāya bhikkhunā aggi na kātabbo, pakkayāguṃ paṭiggahetvā pātuṃ vaṭṭati. Sāmaṇero yāguṃ pacati, hatthakukkuccako bhikkhu kīḷanto bhājanaṃ āmasati, pidhānaṃ āmasati, uggataṃ pheṇaṃ chinditvā paharati, tasseva pātuṃ na vaṭṭati, durupaciṇṇaṃ nāma hoti. Sace pana dabbiṃ vā uḷuṅkaṃ vā gahetvā anukkhipanto āloḷeti, sabbesaṃ na vaṭṭati, sāmaṃpākañceva hoti durupaciṇṇañca. Sace ukkhipati, uggahitakampi hoti.
113. Bhikkhunā piṇḍāya caritvā ādhārake patto ṭhapito hoti. Tatra ce añño lolabhikkhu kīḷanto pattaṃ āmasati, pattapidhānaṃ āmasati, tasseva tato laddhabhattaṃ na vaṭṭati. Sace na pattaṃ ukkhipitvā ṭhapeti, sabbesaṃ na vaṭṭati. Tatthajātakaphalinisākhāya vā valliyā vā gahetvā cāleti, tasseva tato laddhaphalaṃ na vaṭṭati, durupaciṇṇadukkaṭañca āpajjati. ‘‘Phalarukkhaṃ pana apassayituṃ vā tattha kaṇṭakaṃ vā bandhituṃ vaṭṭati, durupaciṇṇaṃ na hotī’’ti mahāpaccariyaṃ vuttaṃ. Araññe patitaṃ pana ambaphalādiṃ disvā ‘‘sāmaṇerassa dassāmī’’ti āharitvā dātuṃ vaṭṭati. Sīhavighāsādiṃ disvāpi ‘‘sāmaṇerassa dassāmī’’ti paṭiggahetvā vā appaṭiggahetvā vā āharitvā dātuṃ vaṭṭati. Sace pana sakkoti vitakkaṃ sodhetuṃ, tato laddhaṃ khāditumpi vaṭṭati, neva āmakamaṃsapaṭiggahaṇapaccayā, na uggahitakapaccayā vajjaṃ phusati. Mātāpitūnaṃ atthāya telādīni gahetvā gacchato antarāmagge byādhi uppajjati, tato yaṃ icchati, taṃ paṭiggahetvā paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Sace pana mūlepi paṭiggahitaṃ hoti, puna paṭiggahaṇakiccaṃ natthi. Mātāpitūnaṃ taṇḍule āharitvā deti, te tatoyeva yāguādīni sampādetvā tassa denti, vaṭṭati, sannidhipaccayā uggahitapaccayā vā doso natthi.
114. Bhikkhu pidahitvā udakaṃ tāpeti, yāva parikkhayā paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Sace panettha chārikā patati, paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Dīghasaṇḍāsena thālakaṃ gahetvā telaṃ pacantassa chārikā patati, hatthena amuñcanteneva pacitvā otāretvā paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Sace aṅgārāpi dārūnipi paṭiggahetvā ṭhapitāni, mūlapaṭiggahaṇameva vaṭṭati. Bhikkhu ucchuṃ khādati, sāmaṇero ‘‘mayhampi dethā’’ti vadati, ‘‘ito chinditvā gaṇhā’’ti vutto gaṇhāti, avasese puna paṭiggahaṇakiccaṃ natthi. Guḷapiṇḍaṃ khādantassapi eseva nayo. Vuttokāsato chinditvā gahitāvasesañhi ajahitapaṭiggahaṇameva hoti. Bhikkhu guḷaṃ bhājento paṭiggahetvā koṭṭhāse karoti, bhikkhūpi sāmaṇerāpi āgantvā ekaggahaṇeneva ekamekaṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ gaṇhanti, gahitāvasesaṃ paṭiggahitameva hoti. Sace lolasāmaṇero gaṇhitvā gaṇhitvā puna ṭhapeti, tassa gahitāvasesaṃ appaṭiggahitakameva hoti.
Bhikkhu dhūmavaṭṭiṃ paṭiggahetvā dhūmaṃ pivati, mukhañca kaṇṭho ca manosilāya litto viya hoti, yāvakālikaṃ bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati, yāvakālikena yāvajīvikasaṃsagge doso natthi. Pattaṃ vā rajanaṃ vā pacantassa kaṇṇanāsacchiddehi dhūmo pavisati, byādhipaccayā pupphaṃ vā phalaṃ vā upasiṅghati, abbohārikattā vaṭṭati. Bhattuggāro tāluṃ āhacca antoyeva pavisati, avisayattā vaṭṭati, mukhaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ pana ajjhoharato vikāle āpatti. Dantantare laggassa āmisassa raso pavisati, āpattiyeva. Sace sukhumaṃ āmisaṃ hoti, raso na paññāyati, abbohārikapakkhaṃ bhajati. Upakaṭṭhe kāle nirudakaṭṭhāne bhattaṃ bhuñjitvā kakkhāretvā dve tayo kheḷapiṇḍe pātetvā udakaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā mukhaṃ vikkhāletabbaṃ. Paṭiggahetvā ṭhapitasiṅgiverādīnaṃ aṅkurā nikkhamanti, puna paṭiggahaṇakiccaṃ natthi. Loṇe asati samuddodakena loṇakiccaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati, paṭiggahetvā ṭhapitaloṇodakaṃ loṇaṃ hoti, loṇaṃ vā udakaṃ hoti, raso vā phāṇitaṃ hoti, phāṇitaṃ vā raso hoti, mūlapaṭiggahaṇameva vaṭṭati.
Himakarakā udakagatikā eva. Pārihārikena katakaṭṭhinā udakaṃ pasādenti, taṃ abbohārikaṃ, āmisena saddhiṃ vaṭṭati. Āmisagatikehi kapitthaphalādīhi pasāditaṃ purebhattameva vaṭṭati. Pokkharaṇīādīsu udakaṃ bahalaṃ hoti, vaṭṭati. Sace pana mukhe hatthe ca laggati, na vaṭṭati, paṭiggahetvā paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Khettesu kasitaṭṭhāne bahalaṃ udakaṃ hoti, paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Sace sanditvā kandarādīni pavisitvā nadiṃ pūreti, vaṭṭati. Kakudhasobbhādayo honti rukkhato patitehi pupphehi sañchannodakā. Sace puppharaso na paññāyati, paṭiggahaṇakiccaṃ natthi. Parittaṃ udakaṃ hoti, raso paññāyati, paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Pabbatakandarādīsu kāḷavaṇṇapaṇṇacchannaudakepi eseva nayo.
Pānīyaghaṭe sareṇukāni vā savaṇṭakhīrāni vā pupphāni pakkhittāni honti, paṭiggahetabbaṃ, pupphāni vā paṭiggahetvā pakkhipitabbāni. Pāṭalimallikā pakkhittā honti, vāsamattaṃ tiṭṭhati, taṃ abbohārikaṃ. Dubhiyadivasepi āmisena saddhiṃ vaṭṭati. Bhikkhunā ṭhapitapupphavāsitakapānīyato sāmaṇero pānīyaṃ gahetvā pītāvasesakaṃ tattheva ākirati, paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Padumasarādīsu udakaṃ santharitvā ṭhitaṃ pupphareṇuṃ ghaṭena vikkhambhetvā udakaṃ gahetuṃ vaṭṭati. Kappiyaṃ kārāpetvā paṭiggahetvā ṭhapitaṃ dantakaṭṭhaṃ hoti, sace tassa rasaṃ pivitukāmo , mūlapaṭiggahaṇameva vaṭṭati, appaṭiggahetvā ṭhapitaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Ajānantassa rase paviṭṭhepi āpattiyeva. Acittakañhi idaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ.
115. Mahābhūtesu kiṃ vaṭṭati, kiṃ na vaṭṭatīti? Khīraṃ tāva vaṭṭati, kappiyamaṃsakhīraṃ vā hotu akappiyamaṃsakhīraṃ vā, pivantassa anāpatti. Assu kheḷo siṅghāṇikā muttaṃ karīsaṃ semhaṃ dantamalaṃ akkhigūthako kaṇṇagūthako sarīre uṭṭhitaloṇanti idaṃ sabbaṃ vaṭṭati. Yaṃ panettha ṭhānato cavitvā patte vā hatthe vā patati, taṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, aṅgalaggaṃ paṭiggahitakameva. Uṇhapāyāsaṃ bhuñjantassa sedo aṅgulianusārena ekābaddhova hutvā pāyāse santiṭṭhati, piṇḍāya vā carantassa hatthato pattassa mukhavaṭṭito vā pattatalaṃ orohati, ettha paṭiggahaṇakiccaṃ natthi, jhāmamahābhūte idaṃ nāma na vaṭṭatīti natthi, dujjhāpitaṃ pana na vaṭṭati. Sujjhāpitaṃ pana manussaṭṭhimpi cuṇṇaṃ katvā lehe upanetuṃ vaṭṭati. Cattāri mahāvikaṭāni asati kappiyakārake sāmaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭanti. Ettha ca dubbacopi asamatthopi kappiyakārako asantapakkheyeva tiṭṭhati. Chārikāya asati sukkhadāruṃ jhāpetvā chārikā gahetabbā. Sukkhadārumhi asati alladāruṃ rukkhato chinditvāpi kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Idaṃ pana catubbidhampi mahāvikaṭaṃ kālodissaṃ nāma, sappadaṭṭhakkhaṇeyeva vaṭṭati.
Iti pāḷimuttakavinayavinicchayasaṅgahe
Paṭiggahaṇavinicchayakathā samattā.
* Bài viết trích trong Vinayasaṅgaha-aṭṭhakathā >> Tīkā, nguồn Tipitaka.org. Tải sách PDF tại đây.
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