18. Kālikavinicchayakathā

18. Kālikavinicchayakathā

89.Kālikānipicattārīti ettha (pāci. aṭṭha. 255-256) yāvakālikaṃ yāmakālikaṃ sattāhakālikaṃ yāvajīvikanti imāni cattāri kālikāni veditabbāni. Tattha purebhattaṃ paṭiggahetvā paribhuñjitabbaṃ yaṃ kiñci khādanīyabhojanīyaṃ yāva majjhanhikasaṅkhato kālo, tāva paribhuñjitabbato yāvakālikaṃ. Saddhiṃ anulomapānehi aṭṭhavidhaṃ pānaṃ yāva rattiyā pacchimayāmasaṅkhāto yāmo, tāva paribhuñjitabbato yāmo kālo assāti yāmakālikaṃ. Sappiādi pañcavidhaṃ bhesajjaṃ paṭiggahetvā sattāhaṃ nidhetabbato sattāho kālo assāti sattāhakālikaṃ. Ṭhapetvā udakaṃ avasesaṃ sabbampi paṭiggahitaṃ yāvajīvaṃ pariharitvā sati paccaye paribhuñjitabbato yāvajīvikanti vuccati.

90. Tattha yāvakālikesu bhojanīyaṃ nāma odano kummāso sattu maccho maṃsanti. Pañca bhojanāni yāmakālikaṃ sattāhakālikaṃ yāvajīvikañca ṭhapetvā avasesaṃ khādanīyaṃ nāma. Ettha (pāci. aṭṭha. 248-9) pana yaṃ tāva sakkhalimodakādi pubbaṇṇāparaṇṇamayaṃ khādanīyaṃ, tattha vattabbameva natthi. Yampi vanamūlādippabhedaṃ āmisagatikaṃ hoti. Seyyathidaṃ – mūlakhādanīyaṃ kandakhādanīyaṃ muḷālakhādanīyaṃ matthakakhādanīyaṃ khandhakhādanīyaṃ tacakhādanīyaṃ pattakhādanīyaṃ pupphakhādanīyaṃ phalakhādanīyaṃ aṭṭhikhādanīyaṃ piṭṭhakhādanīyaṃ niyyāsakhādanīyanti, idampi khādanīyasaṅkhyameva gacchati.

Tattha pana āmisagatikasallakkhaṇatthaṃ idaṃ mukhamattanidassanaṃ – mūlakhādanīye tāva mūlakamūlaṃ khārakamūlaṃ caccumūlaṃ tambakamūlaṃ taṇḍuleyyakamūlaṃ vatthuleyyakamūlaṃ vajakalimūlaṃ jajjharimūlanti evamādīni sūpeyyapaṇṇamūlāni āmisagatikāni. Ettha ca vajakalimūle jaraṭṭhaṃ chinditvā chaḍḍenti, taṃ yāvajīvikaṃ hoti. Aññampi evarūpaṃ eteneva nayena veditabbaṃ. Mūlakakhārakajajjharimūlānaṃ pana jaraṭṭhānipi āmisagatikānevāti vuttaṃ. Yāni pana pāḷiyaṃ –

‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, mūlāni bhesajjāni haliddiṃ siṅgiveraṃ vacaṃ vacattaṃ ativisaṃ kaṭukarohiṇiṃ usīraṃ bhaddamuttakaṃ, yāni vā panaññānipi atthi mūlāni bhesajjāni neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti, na bhojanīye bhojanīyatthaṃ pharantī’’ti (mahāva. 263) –

Vuttāni, tāni yāvajīvikāni. Tesaṃ cūḷapañcamūlaṃ mahāpañcamūlantiādinā nayena gaṇiyamānānaṃ gaṇanāya anto natthi, khādanīyatthañca bhojanīyatthañca apharaṇabhāvoyeva panetesaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ. Tasmā yaṃ kiñci mūlaṃ tesu tesu janapadesu pakatiāhāravasena manussānaṃ khādanīyatthaṃ bhojanīyatthañca pharati, taṃ yāvakālikaṃ, itaraṃ yāvajīvikanti veditabbaṃ . Subahuṃ vatvāpi hi imasmiṃyeva lakkhaṇe ṭhātabbaṃ. Nāmasaññāsu pana vuccamānāsu taṃ taṃ nāmaṃ ajānantānaṃ sammohoyeva hoti, tasmā nāmasaññāya ādaraṃ akatvā lakkhaṇameva dassitaṃ. Yathā ca mūle, evaṃ kandādīsupi lakkhaṇaṃ dassayissāma, tasseva vasena vinicchayo veditabbo. Yañca taṃ pāḷiyaṃ haliddādi aṭṭhavidhaṃ vuttaṃ, tassa khandhatacapupphaphalādi sabbaṃ yāvajīvikanti vuttaṃ.

Kandakhādanīye duvidho kando dīgho ca bhisakiṃsukakandādi, vaṭṭo ca uppalakaserukakandādi, yaṃ gaṇṭhītipi vadanti. Tattha sabbesaṃ kandānaṃ jiṇṇajaraṭṭhaṭṭhānañca challi ca sukhumamūlāni ca yāvajīvikāni, taruṇo pana sukhakhādanīyo sālakalyāṇipotakakando kiṃsukapotakakando ambāṭakakando ketakakando māluvakando bhisasaṅkhāto padumapuṇḍarīkakando piṇḍālumasāluādayo ca khīravallikando āluvakando siggukando tālakando nīluppalarattuppalakumudasogandhikānaṃ kandā kadalikando veḷukando kaserukakandoti evamādayo tesu tesu janapadesu pakatiāhāravasena manussānaṃ khādanīyatthañca bhojanīyatthañca pharaṇakakandā yāvakālikā. Khīravallikando adhoto yāvajīviko, dhoto yāvakāliko. Khīrakākolijīvikausabhakalasuṇādikandā pana yāvajīvikā. Te pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘yāni vā panaññānipi atthi mūlāni bhesajjānī’’ti evaṃ (mahāva. 263) mūlabhesajjasaṅgaheneva saṅgahitā.

Muḷālakhādanīye padumamuḷālaṃ puṇḍarīkamuḷālaṃ mūlasadisaṃyeva. Erakamuḷālaṃ kandulamuḷālanti evamādi tesu tesu janapadesu pakatiāhāravasena manussānaṃ khādanīyatthaṃ bhojanīyatthañca pharaṇakamuḷālaṃ yāvakālikaṃ, haliddisiṅgiveramakacicaturassavalliketakatālahintālakuntālanāḷikerapūgarukkhādimuḷālaṃ pana yāvajīvikaṃ. Taṃ sabbampi pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘yāni vā panaññānipi atthi mūlāni bhesajjānī’’ti evaṃ mūlabhesajjasaṅgaheneva saṅgahitaṃ.

Matthakakhādanīye tālahintālakuntālaketakanāḷikerapūgarukkhakhajjūrivettaerakakadalīnaṃ kaḷīrasaṅkhātā matthakā, veṇukaḷīro naḷakaḷīro ucchukaḷīro mūlakakaḷīro sāsapakaḷīro satāvarikaḷīro sattannaṃ dhaññānaṃ kaḷīrāti evamādi tesu tesu janapadesu pakatiāhāravasena manussānaṃ khādanīyatthaṃ bhojanīyatthañca pharaṇako rukkhavalliādīnaṃ matthako yāvakāliko, haliddisiṅgiveravacamakacilasuṇānaṃ kaḷīrā, tālahintālakuntālanāḷikerakaḷīrānañca chinditvā pātito jaraṭṭhabundo yāvajīviko.

Khandhakhādanīye antopathavīgato sālakalyāṇīkhandho ucchukhandho nīluppalarattuppalakumudasogandhikānaṃ daṇḍakakhandhāti evamādi tesu tesu janapadesu pakatiāhāravasena manussānaṃ khādanīyatthaṃ bhojanīyatthañca pharaṇako khandho yāvakāliko, uppalajātīnaṃ paṇṇadaṇḍako padumajātīnaṃ sabbopi daṇḍako karavindadaṇḍādayo ca avasesasabbakhandhā yāvajīvikā.

Tacakhādanīye ucchutacova eko yāvakāliko, sopi saraso, seso sabbo yāvajīviko. Tesaṃ pana matthakakhandhatacānaṃ tiṇṇampi pāḷiyaṃ kasāvabhesajjena saṅgaho veditabbo. Vuttañhetaṃ –

‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kasāvāni bhesajjāni nimbakasāvaṃ kuṭajakasāvaṃ paṭolakasāvaṃ phaggavakasāvaṃ nattamālakasāvaṃ, yāni vā panaññānipi atthi kasāvāni bhesajjāni neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti, na bhojanīye bhojanīyatthaṃ pharantī’’ti (mahāva. 263).

Ettha hi etesampi saṅgaho sijjhati. Vuttakasāvāni ca sabbakappiyānīti veditabbāni.

Pattakhādanīye mūlakaṃ khārako caccu tambako taṇḍuleyyako papunnāgo vatthuleyyako vajakali jajjhari sellu siggu kāsamaddako ummācīnamuggo māso rājamāso ṭhapetvā mahānipphāvaṃ avasesanipphāvo aggimantho sunisannako setavaraṇo nāḷikā bhūmiyaṃ jātaloṇīti etesaṃ pattāni, aññāni ca evarūpāni tesu tesu janapadesu pakatiāhāravasena manussānaṃ khādanīyatthañca bhojanīyatthañca pharaṇakāni pattāni ekaṃsena yāvakālikāni , yā panaññā mahānakhapiṭṭhimattapaṇṇā loṇirukkhe ca gacche ca ārohati, tassā pattaṃ yāvajīvikaṃ. Brahmipattañca yāvakālikanti dīpavāsino vadanti. Ambapallavaṃ yāvakālikaṃ, asokapallavaṃ pana yāvajīvikaṃ. Yāni caññāni pāḷiyaṃ –

‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paṇṇāni bhesajjāni nimbapaṇṇaṃ kuṭajapaṇṇaṃ paṭolapaṇṇaṃ sulasipaṇṇaṃ kappāsapaṇṇaṃ, yāni vā panaññānipi atthi paṇṇāni bhesajjāni neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti, na bhojanīye bhojanīyatthaṃ pharantī’’ti (mahāva. 263) –

Vuttāni, tāni yāvajīvikāni. Na kevalañca paṇṇāni, tesaṃ pupphaphalānipi. Yāvajīvikapaṇṇānaṃ pana phaggavapaṇṇaṃ ajjukapaṇṇaṃ phaṇijjakapaṇṇaṃ tambūlapaṇṇaṃ paduminipaṇṇanti evaṃ gaṇanavasena anto natthi.

Pupphakhādanīye mūlakapupphaṃ khārakapupphaṃ caccupupphaṃ tambakapupphaṃ vajakalipupphaṃ jajjharipupphaṃ cūḷanipphāvapupphaṃ mahānipphāvapupphaṃ kaserukapupphaṃ nāḷikeratālaketakānaṃ taruṇapupphāni setavaraṇapupphaṃ siggupupphaṃ uppalapadumajātikānaṃ pupphānaṃ kaṇṇikāmattaṃ agandhipupphaṃ karīrapupphaṃ jīvantī pupphanti evamādi tesu tesu janapadesu pakatiāhāravasena manussānaṃ khādanīyatthaṃ bhojanīyatthañca pharaṇapupphaṃ yāvakālikaṃ, asokabakulakuyyakapunnāgacampakajātikaravīrakaṇikārakundanavamālikamallikādīnaṃ pana pupphaṃ yāvajīvikaṃ, tassa gaṇanāya anto natthi. Pāḷiyaṃ panassa kasāvabhesajjena saṅgaho veditabbo.

Phalakhādanīye panasalabujatālanāḷikeraambajambuambāṭakatintiṇikamātuluṅgakapitthalābukumbhaṇḍapussaphalatimbarūsakatipusavātiṅgaṇacocamocamadhukādīnaṃ phalāni, yāni loke tesu tesu janapadesu pakatiāhāravasena manussānaṃ khādanīyatthaṃ bhojanīyatthañca pharanti, sabbāni tāni yāvakālikāni, nāmagaṇanavasena tesaṃ na sakkā pariyantaṃ dassetuṃ. Yāni pana pāḷiyaṃ –

‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phalāni bhesajjāni bilaṅgaṃ pippaliṃ marīcaṃ harītakaṃ vibhītakaṃ āmalakaṃ goṭṭhaphalaṃ, yāni vā panaññānipi atthi phalāni bhesajjāni neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti, na bhojanīye bhojanīyatthaṃ pharantī’’ti (mahāva. 263) –

Vuttāni , tāni yāvajīvikāni. Tesampi aparipakkāni acchivabimbavaraṇaketakakāsmarīādīnaṃ phalāni jātiphalaṃ kaṭukaphalaṃ eḷā takkolanti evaṃ nāmavasena na sakkā pariyantaṃ dassetuṃ.

Aṭṭhikhādanīye labujaṭṭhi panasaṭṭhi ambāṭakaṭṭhi sālaṭṭhi khajjūrīketakatimbarūsakānaṃ taruṇaphalaṭṭhi tintiṇikaṭṭhi bimbaphalaṭṭhi uppalapadumajātīnaṃ pokkharaṭṭhīti evamādīni tesu tesu janapadesu manussānaṃ pakatiāhāravasena khādanīyatthaṃ bhojanīyatthañca pharaṇakāni aṭṭhīni yāvakālikāni, madhukaṭṭhi punnāgaṭṭhi harītakādīnaṃ aṭṭhīni siddhatthakaṭṭhi rājikaṭṭhīti evamādīni aṭṭhīni yāvajīvikāni. Tesaṃ pāḷiyaṃ phalabhesajjeneva saṅgaho veditabbo.

Piṭṭhakhādanīye sattannaṃ tāva dhaññānaṃ dhaññānulomānaṃ aparaṇṇānañca piṭṭhaṃ panasapiṭṭhaṃ labujapiṭṭhaṃ ambāṭakapiṭṭhaṃ sālapiṭṭhaṃ dhotakatālapiṭṭhaṃ khīravallipiṭṭhañcāti evamādīni tesu tesu janapadesu pakatiāhāravasena manussānaṃ khādanīyatthaṃ bhojanīyatthañca pharaṇakāni piṭṭhāni yāvakālikāni, adhotakaṃ tālapiṭṭhaṃ khīravallipiṭṭhaṃ assagandhādipiṭṭhāni ca yāvajīvikāni. Tesaṃ pāḷiyaṃ kasāvehi mūlaphalehi ca saṅgaho veditabbo.

Niyyāsakhādanīye – eko ucchuniyyāsova sattāhakāliko, sesā –

‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, jatūni bhesajjāni hiṅguṃ hiṅgujatuṃ hiṅgusipāṭikaṃ takaṃ takapattiṃ takapaṇṇiṃ sajjulasaṃ, yāni vā panaññānipi atthi jatūni bhesajjānī’’ti (mahāva. 263) –

Evaṃ pāḷiyaṃ vuttā niyyāsā yāvajīvikā. Tattha yevāpanakavasena saṅgahitānaṃ ambaniyyāso kaṇikāraniyyāsoti evaṃ nāmavasena na sakkā pariyantaṃ dassetuṃ. Evaṃ imesu mūlakhādanīyādīsu yaṃ kiñci yāvakālikaṃ, sabbampi imasmiṃ atthe avasesaṃ khādanīyaṃ nāmāti saṅgahitaṃ.

91. Yāmakālikesu pana aṭṭha pānāni nāma ambapānaṃ jambupānaṃ cocapānaṃ mocapānaṃ madhukapānaṃ muddikapānaṃ sālūkapānaṃ phārusakapānanti imāni aṭṭha pānāni. Tattha (mahāva. aṭṭha. 300) ambapānanti āmehi vā pakkehi vā ambehi katapānaṃ. Tattha āmehi karontena ambataruṇāni bhinditvā udake pakkhipitvā ātape ādiccapākena pacitvā parissāvetvā tadahupaṭiggahitakehi madhusakkārakappūrādīhi yojetvā kātabbaṃ, evaṃ kataṃ purebhattameva kappati. Anupasampannehi kataṃ labhitvā pana purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ purebhattaṃ sāmisaparibhogenapi vaṭṭati, pacchābhattaṃ nirāmisaparibhogena yāva aruṇuggamanā vaṭṭati. Esa nayo sabbapānesu. Jambupānanti jambuphalehi katapānaṃ. Cocapānanti aṭṭhikakadaliphalehi katapānaṃ. Mocapānanti anaṭṭhikehi kadaliphalehi katapānaṃ. Madhukapānanti madhukānaṃ jātirasena katapānaṃ. Taṃ pana udakasambhinnaṃ vaṭṭati, suddhaṃ na vaṭṭati. Muddikapānanti muddikā udake madditvā ambapānaṃ viya katapānaṃ. Sālūkapānanti rattuppalanīluppalādīnaṃ sālūke madditvā katapānaṃ. Phārusakapānanti phārusakaphalehi ambapānaṃ viya katapānaṃ. Imāni aṭṭha pānāni sītānipi ādiccapākānipi vaṭṭanti, aggipākāni na vaṭṭanti.

Avasesāni vettatintiṇikamātuluṅgakapitthakosambakaramandādikhuddakaphalapānāni aṭṭhapānagaakāneva. Tāni kiñcāpi pāḷiyaṃ na vuttāni, atha kho kappiyaṃ anulomenti, tasmā kappanti. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ phalarasaṃ ṭhapetvā dhaññaphalarasa’’nti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 300) vuttattā ṭhapetvā sānulomadhaññaphalarasaṃ aññaṃ phalapānaṃ nāma akappiyaṃ natthi, sabbaṃ yāmakālikameva. Tattha sānulomadhaññaphalaraso nāma sattannañceva dhaññānaṃ tālanāḷikerapanasalabujaalābukumbhaṇḍapussaphalatipusaeḷālukāti navannañca mahāphalānaṃ sabbesañca pubbaṇṇāparaṇṇānaṃ anulomadhaññānaṃ raso yāvakāliko, tasmā pacchābhattaṃ na vaṭṭati. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ pattarasaṃ ṭhapetvā ḍākarasa’’nti (mahāva. 300) vuttattā pakkaḍākarasaṃ ṭhapetvā yāvakālikapattānampi sītodakena madditvā kataraso vā ādiccapāko vā vaṭṭati. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ puppharasaṃ ṭhapetvā madhukapuppharasa’’nti vuttattā madhukapuppharasaṃ ṭhapetvā sabbopi puppharaso vaṭṭati.

92. Sattāhakālikaṃ nāma sappi navanītaṃ telaṃ madhu phāṇitanti imāni pañca bhesajjāni. Tattha sappi nāma gosappi vā ajikāsappi vā mahiṃsasappi vā yesaṃ maṃsaṃ kappati, tesaṃ sappi. Navanītaṃ nāma tesaṃyeva navanītaṃ. Telaṃ nāma tilatelaṃ sāsapatelaṃ madhukatelaṃ eraṇḍatelaṃ vasātelaṃ. Madhu nāma makkhikāmadhu. Phāṇitaṃ nāma ucchumhā nibbattaṃ (paci. 260). Yāvajīvikaṃ pana heṭṭhā yāvakālike mūlakhādanīyādīsu vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.

93. Tattha (pāci. aṭṭha. 256) aruṇodaye paṭiggahitaṃ yāvakālikaṃ satakkhattumpi nidahitvā yāva kālo nātikkamati, tāva paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati, yāmakālikaṃ ekaṃ ahorattaṃ, sattāhakālikaṃ sattarattaṃ, itaraṃ sati paccaye yāvajīvampi paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Paṭiggahetvā ekarattaṃ vītināmitaṃ pana yaṃ kiñci yāvakālikaṃ vā yāmakālikaṃ vā ajjhoharitukāmatāya gaṇhantassa paṭiggahaṇe tāva dukkaṭaṃ, ajjhoharato pana ekamekasmiṃ ajjhohāre sannidhipaccayā pācittiyaṃ. Sacepi patto duddhoto hoti, yaṃ aṅguliyā ghaṃsantassa lekhā paññāyati, gaṇṭhikapattassa vā gaṇṭhikantare sneho paviṭṭho hoti, so uṇhe otāpentassa paggharati, uṇhayāguyā vā gahitāya sandissati, tādise pattepi punadivase bhuñjantassa pācittiyaṃ, tasmā pattaṃ dhovitvā puna tattha acchodakaṃ vā āsiñcitvā aṅguliyā vā ghaṃsitvā nisnehabhāvo jānitabbo. Sace hi udake vā snehabhāvo, patte vā aṅgulilekhā paññāyati, duddhoto hoti, telavaṇṇapatte pana aṅgulilekhā paññāyati, sā abbohārikā. Yampi bhikkhū nirapekkhā sāmaṇerānaṃ pariccajanti, tañce sāmaṇerā nidahitvā denti, sabbaṃ vaṭṭati. Sayaṃ paṭiggahetvā apariccattameva hi dutiyadivase na vaṭṭati. Tato hi ekasitthampi ajjhoharato pācittiyameva. Akappiyamaṃsesu manussamaṃse thullaccayena saddhiṃ pācittiyaṃ, avasesesu dukkaṭena saddhiṃ.

Yāmakālikaṃ sati paccaye ajjhoharato pācittiyaṃ, āhāratthāya ajjhoharato dukkaṭena saddhiṃ pācittiyaṃ. Sace pavārito hutvā anatirittakataṃ ajjhoharati, pakatiāmise dve pācittiyāni, manussamaṃse thullaccayena saddhiṃ dve, sesaakappiyamaṃse dukkaṭena saddhiṃ. Yāmakālikaṃ sati paccaye sāmisena mukhena ajjhoharato dve, nirāmisena ekameva. Āhāratthāya ajjhoharato vikappadvayepi dukkaṭaṃ vaḍḍhati. Sace vikāle ajjhoharati, pakatibhojane sannidhipaccayā ca vikālabhojanapaccayā ca dve pācittiyāni, akappiyamaṃse thullaccayaṃ dukkaṭañca vaḍḍhati. Yāmakālike vikālapaccayā anāpatti. Anatirittapaccayā pana vikāle sabbavikappesu anāpatti.

Sattāhakālikaṃ pana yāvajīvikañca āhāratthāya paṭiggaṇhato paṭiggaṇhanapaccayā tāva dukkaṭaṃ, ajjhoharato pana sace nirāmisaṃ hoti, ajjhohāre dukkaṭaṃ. Atha āmisasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ paṭiggahetvā ṭhapitaṃ hoti, yathāvatthukaṃ pācittiyameva.

94. Sattāhakālikesu pana sappiādīsu ayaṃ vinicchayo (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.622) – sappi tāva purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ tadahupurebhattaṃ sāmisampi nirāmisampi paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati, pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya sattāhaṃ nirāmisaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Sattāhātikkame sace ekabhājane ṭhapitaṃ, ekaṃ nissaggiyaṃ. Sace bahūsu, vatthugaṇanāya nissaggiyāni. Pacchābhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ nirāmisameva vaṭṭati, purebhattaṃ vā pacchābhattaṃ vā uggahitakaṃ katvā nikkhittaṃ ajjhoharituṃ na vaṭṭati, abbhañjanādīsu upanetabbaṃ. Sattāhātikkamepi anāpatti anajjhoharaṇīyataṃ āpannattā. Sace anupasampanno purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitanavanītena sappiṃ katvā deti, purebhattaṃ sāmisampi vaṭṭati, sace sayaṃ karoti, sattāhampi nirāmisameva vaṭṭati. Pacchābhattaṃ paṭiggahitanavanītena yena kenaci katasappi sattāhampi nirāmisameva vaṭṭati, uggahitakena kate pubbe vuttasuddhasappinayeneva vinicchayo veditabbo. Purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitakhīrena vā dadhinā vā katasappi anupasampannena kataṃ sāmisampi tadahupurebhattaṃ vaṭṭati, sayaṃkataṃ nirāmisameva vaṭṭati.

95.Navanītaṃ tāpentassa hi sāmaṃpāko na hoti, sāmaṃpakkena pana tena saddhiṃ āmisaṃ na vaṭṭati, pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya ca na vaṭṭatiyeva. Sattāhātikkamepi anāpatti savatthukassa paṭiggahitattā. Pacchābhattaṃ paṭiggahitakehi kataṃ pana abbhañjanādīsu upanetabbaṃ. Purebhattampi ca uggahitakehi kataṃ, ubhayesampi sattāhātikkame anāpatti. Esa nayo akappiyamaṃsasappimhi. Ayaṃ pana viseso – yattha pāḷiyaṃ āgatasappinā nissaggiyaṃ, tattha iminā dukkaṭaṃ. Andhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ kāraṇapatirūpakaṃ vatvā manussasappi ca navanītañca paṭikkhittaṃ, taṃ duppaṭikkhittaṃ sabbaaṭṭhakathāsu anuññātattā. Parato cassa vinicchayopi āgacchissati. Pāḷiyaṃ āgatanavanītampi purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ tadahupurebhattaṃ sāmisampi vaṭṭati, pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya nirāmisameva. Sattāhātikkame nānābhājanesu ṭhapite bhājanagaṇanāya, ekabhājanepi amissetvā piṇḍapiṇḍavasena ṭhapite piṇḍagaṇanāya nissaggiyāni. Pacchābhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ sappinayena veditabbaṃ. Ettha pana dadhiguḷikāyopi takkabindūnipi honti, tasmā dhotaṃ vaṭṭatīti upaḍḍhattherā āhaṃsu. Mahāsivatthero pana ‘‘bhagavatā anuññātakālato paṭṭhāya takkato uddhaṭamattameva khādiṃsū’’ti āha. Tasmā navanītaṃ paribhuñjantena dhovitvā dadhitakkamakkhikākipillikādīni apanetvā paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Pacitvā sappiṃ katvā paribhuñjitukāmena adhotampi paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Yaṃ tattha dadhigataṃ vā takkagataṃ vā, taṃ khayaṃ gamissati. Ettāvatā hi savatthukapaṭiggahitaṃ nāma na hotīti ayamettha adhippāyo. Āmisena saddhiṃ pakkattā pana tasmimpi kukkuccāyanti kukkuccakā. Idāni uggahetvā ṭhapitanavanīte ca purebhattaṃ khīradadhīni paṭiggahetvā katanavanīte ca pacchābhattaṃ tāni paṭiggahetvā katanavanīte ca uggahitakehi katanavanīte ca akappiyamaṃsanavanīte ca sabbo āpattānāpattiparibhogāparibhoganayo sappimhi vuttakkameneva gahetabbo. Telabhikkhāya paviṭṭhānaṃ pana bhikkhūnaṃ tattheva sappimpi navanītampi pakkatelampi apakkatelampi ākiranti. Tattha takkadadhibindūnipi bhattasitthānipi taṇḍulakaṇāpi makkhikādayopi honti, ādiccapākaṃ katvā parissāvetvā gahitaṃ sattāhakālikaṃ hoti. Paṭiggahetvā ca ṭhapitabhesajjehi saddhiṃ pacitvā natthupānampi kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Sace vaddalisamaye lajjī sāmaṇero yathā tattha patitataṇḍulakaṇādayo na paccanti, evaṃ aggimhi vilīyāpetvā parissāvetvā puna pacitvā deti, purimanayeneva sattāhaṃ vaṭṭati.

96.Telesu tilatelaṃ tāva purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ purebhattaṃ sāmisampi vaṭṭati, pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya nirāmisameva vaṭṭati. Sattāhātikkame tassa bhājanagaṇanāya nissaggiyabhāvo veditabbo. Pacchābhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ sattāhaṃ nirāmisameva vaṭṭati, uggahitakaṃ katvā nikkhittaṃ ajjhoharituṃ na vaṭṭati, sīsamakkhanādīsu upanetabbaṃ, sattāhātikkamepi anāpatti. Purebhattaṃ tile paṭiggahetvā katatelaṃ purebhattaṃ sāmisampi vaṭṭati, pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya anajjhoharaṇīyaṃ hoti, sīsamakkhanādīsu upanetabbaṃ, sattāhātikkamepi anāpatti. Pacchābhattaṃ tile paṭiggahetvā katatelaṃ anajjhoharaṇīyameva savatthukapaṭiggahitattā. Sattāhātikkamepi anāpatti, sīsamakkhanādīsu upanetabbaṃ. Purebhattaṃ vā pacchābhattaṃ vā uggahitakatilehi katatelepi eseva nayo. Purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitatile bhajjitvā vā tilapiṭṭhaṃ vā sedetvā uṇhodakena vā temetvā katatelaṃ sace anupasampannena kataṃ, purebhattaṃ sāmisampi vaṭṭati, attanā kataṃ nibbaṭṭitattā purebhattaṃ nirāmisaṃ vaṭṭati, sāmaṃpakkattā sāmisaṃ na vaṭṭati. Savatthukapaṭiggahitattā pana pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya ubhayampi anajjhoharaṇīyaṃ, sīsamakkhanādīsu upanetabbaṃ, sattāhātikkamepi anāpatti. Yadi pana appaṃ uṇhodakaṃ hoti abbhukkiraṇamattaṃ, abbohārikaṃ hoti sāmaṃpākagaṇanaṃ na gacchati. Sāsapatelādīsupi avatthukapaṭiggahitesu avatthukatilatele vuttasadisova vinicchayo.

Sace pana purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitānaṃ sāsapādīnaṃ cuṇṇehi ādiccapākena sakkā telaṃ kātuṃ, taṃ purebhattaṃ sāmisampi vaṭṭati, pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya nirāmisameva vaṭṭati, sattāhātikkame nissaggiyaṃ. Yasmā pana sāsapamadhukacuṇṇāni sedetvā eraṇḍakaṭṭhīni ca bhajjitvā eva telaṃ karonti, tasmā etesaṃ telaṃ anupasampannehi kataṃ purebhattaṃ sāmisampi vaṭṭati, vatthūnaṃ yāvajīvikattā pana savatthukapaṭiggahaṇe doso natthi. Attanā kataṃ sattāhaṃ nirāmisaparibhogeneva paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Uggahitakehi kataṃ anajjhoharaṇīyaṃ, bāhiraparibhoge vaṭṭati, sattāhātikkamepi anāpatti. Telakaraṇatthāya sāsapamadhukaeraṇḍakaṭṭhīni paṭiggahetvā katatelaṃ sattāhakālikaṃ, dutiyadivase kataṃ chāhaṃ vaṭṭati, tatiyadivase kataṃ pañcāhaṃ vaṭṭati, catuttha, pañcama, chaṭṭha, sattamadivase kataṃ tadaheva vaṭṭati. Sace yāva aruṇassa uggamanā tiṭṭhati, nissaggiyaṃ, aṭṭhamadivase kataṃ anajjhoharaṇīyaṃ, anissaggiyattā pana bāhiraparibhoge vaṭṭati. Sacepi na karoti, telatthāya gahitasāsapādīnaṃ sattāhātikkame dukkaṭameva. Pāḷiyaṃ pana anāgatāni aññānipi nāḷikeranimbakosambakaramandādīnaṃ telāni atthi, tāni paṭiggahetvā sattāhaṃ atikkāmayato dukkaṭaṃ hoti. Ayametesu viseso – sesaṃ yāvakālikavatthuṃ yāvajīvikavatthuñca sallakkhetvā sāmaṃpākasavatthukapurebhattapacchābhattapaṭiggahitauggahitavatthuvidhānaṃ sabbaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.

Vasātelaṃ nāma ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañca vasāni acchavasaṃ macchavasaṃ susukāvasaṃ sūkaravasaṃ gadrabhavasa’’nti (mahāva. 262) evaṃ anuññātavasānaṃ telaṃ. Ettha ca ‘‘acchavasa’’nti vacanena ṭhapetvā manussavasaṃ sabbesaṃ akappiyamaṃsānaṃ vasā anuññātā. Macchaggahaṇena ca susukāpi gahitā honti, vāḷamacchattā pana visuṃ vuttaṃ. Macchādiggahaṇena cettha sabbesampi kappiyamaṃsānaṃ vasā anuññātā. Maṃsesu hi dasa manussahatthiassasunakhaahisīhabyagghadīpiacchataracchānaṃ maṃsāni akappiyāni, vasāsu ekā manussavasā. Khīrādīsu akappiyaṃ nāma natthi. Anupasampannehi kataṃ nibbaṭṭitaṃ vasātelaṃ purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ purebhattaṃ sāmisampi vaṭṭati, pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya sattāhaṃ nirāmisameva vaṭṭati. Yaṃ pana tattha sukhumarajasadisaṃ maṃsaṃ vā nhāru vā aṭṭhi vā lohitaṃ vā hoti, taṃ abbohārikaṃ. Sace pana vasaṃ paṭiggahetvā sayaṃ karoti, purebhattaṃ paṭiggahetvā pacitvā parissāvetvā sattāhaṃ nirāmisaparibhogena paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Nirāmisaparibhogañhi sandhāya idaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘kāle paṭiggahitaṃ kāle nippakkaṃ kāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ telaparibhogena paribhuñjitu’’nti (mahāva. 262). Tatrāpi abbohārikaṃ abbohārikameva, pacchābhattaṃ pana paṭiggahetuṃ vā kātuṃ vā na vaṭṭatiyeva. Vuttañhetaṃ –

‘‘Vikāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ vikāle nippakkaṃ vikāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti tiṇṇaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Kāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ vikāle nippakkaṃ vikāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dvinnaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Kāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ kāle nippakkaṃ vikāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa . Kāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ kāle nippakkaṃ kāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, anāpattī’’ti (mahāva. 262).

Upatissattheraṃ pana antevāsikā pucchiṃsu ‘‘bhante, sappinavanītavasāni ekato pacitvā nibbaṭṭitāni vaṭṭanti, na vaṭṭantī’’ti? ‘‘Na vaṭṭanti, āvuso’’ti. Thero kirettha pakkatelakasaṭe viya kukkuccāyati. Tato naṃ uttari pucchiṃsu ‘‘bhante, navanīte dadhiguḷikā vā takkabindu vā hoti, etaṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti? ‘‘Etampi, āvuso, na vaṭṭatī’’ti. Tato naṃ āhaṃsu ‘‘bhante, ekato pacitvā ekato saṃsaṭṭhāni tejavantāni honti, rogaṃ niggaṇhantī’’ti. ‘‘Sādhāvuso’’ti thero sampaṭicchi. Mahāsumatthero panāha ‘‘kappiyamaṃsavasāva sāmisaparibhoge vaṭṭati, itarā nirāmisaparibhoge vaṭṭatī’’ti. Mahāpadumatthero pana ‘‘idaṃ ki’’nti paṭikkhipitvā ‘‘nanu vātābādhikā bhikkhū pañcamūlakasāvayāguyaṃ acchasūkaratelādīni pakkhipitvā yāguṃ pivanti, sā tejussadattā rogaṃ niggaṇhātī’’ti vatvā ‘‘vaṭṭatī’’ti āha.

97.Madhu nāma madhukarīhi madhumakkhikāhi khuddakamakkhikāhi bhamaramakkhikāhi ca kataṃ madhu. Taṃ purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ purebhattaṃ sāmisaparibhogampi vaṭṭati, pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya sattāhaṃ nirāmisaparibhogameva vaṭṭati, sattāhātikkame nissaggiyaṃ. Sace silesasadisaṃ mahāmadhuṃ khaṇḍaṃ katvā ṭhapitaṃ, itaraṃ vā nānābhājanesu, vatthugaṇanāya nissaggiyāni. Sace ekameva khaṇḍaṃ, ekabhājane vā itaraṃ, ekameva nissaggiyaṃ. Uggahitakaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ, arumakkhanādīsu upanetabbaṃ. Madhupaṭalaṃ vā madhusitthakaṃ vā sace madhunā amakkhitaṃ parisuddhaṃ, yāvajīvikaṃ, madhumakkhitaṃ pana madhugatikameva. Cīrikā nāma sapakkhā dīghamakkhikā tumbaḷanāmikā ca aṭṭhipakkhikā kāḷamahābhamarā honti, tesaṃ āsayesu niyyāsasadisaṃ madhu hoti, taṃ yāvajīvikaṃ.

98.Phāṇitaṃ nāma ucchurasaṃ upādāya apakkā vā avatthukapakkā vā sabbāpi avatthukā ucchuvikati. Taṃ phāṇitaṃ purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ purebhattaṃ sāmisampi vaṭṭati, pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya sattāhaṃ nirāmisameva vaṭṭati, sattāhātikkame vatthugaṇanāya nissaggiyaṃ. Bahū piṇḍā cuṇṇe katvā ekabhājane pakkhittā honti ghanasannivesā, ekameva nissaggiyaṃ. Uggahitakaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ, gharadhūpanādīsu upanetabbaṃ. Purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitena aparissāvitaucchurasena kataphāṇitaṃ sace anupasampannena kataṃ, sāmisampi vaṭṭati, sayaṃkataṃ nirāmisameva vaṭṭati, pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya pana savatthukapaṭiggahitattā anajjhoharaṇīyaṃ, sattāhātikkamepi anāpatti. Pacchābhattaṃ aparissāvitapaṭiggahitena katampi anajjhoharaṇīyameva, sattāhātikkamepi anāpatti. Esa nayo ucchuṃ paṭiggahetvā kataphāṇitepi. Purebhattaṃ pana parissāvitapaṭiggahitena kataṃ sace anupasampannena kataṃ, purebhattaṃ sāmisampi vaṭṭati, pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya sattāhaṃ nirāmisameva. Sayaṃkataṃ purebhattampi nirāmisameva, pacchābhattaṃ parissāvitapaṭiggahitena kataṃ pana nirāmisameva sattāhaṃ vaṭṭati. Uggahitakataṃ vuttanayameva. ‘‘Jhāmaucchuphāṇitaṃ vā koṭṭitaucchuphāṇitaṃ vā purebhattameva vaṭṭatī’’ti mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ. Mahāpaccariyaṃ pana ‘‘etaṃ savatthukapakkaṃ vaṭṭati, no vaṭṭatī’’ti pucchaṃ katvā ‘‘ucchuphāṇitaṃ pacchābhattaṃ no vaṭṭanakaṃ nāma natthī’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ yuttaṃ. Sītodakena kataṃ madhukapupphaphāṇitaṃ purebhattaṃ sāmisampi vaṭṭati, pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya sattāhaṃ nirāmisameva vaṭṭati, sattāhātikkame vatthugaṇanāya dukkaṭaṃ, khīraṃ pakkhipitvā kataṃ madhukaphāṇitaṃ yāvakālikaṃ. Khaṇḍasakkharaṃ pana khīrajallikaṃ apanetvā sodhenti, tasmā vaṭṭati.

99. Madhukapupphaṃ pana purebhattampi allaṃ vaṭṭati. Bhajjitampi vaṭṭati, bhajjitvā tilādīhi missaṃ vā amissaṃ vā katvā koṭṭitaṃ vaṭṭati. Yadi pana taṃ gahetvā merayatthāya yojenti, yojitaṃ bījato paṭṭhāya na vaṭṭati. Kadalīkhajjūrīambalabujapanasaciñcādīnaṃ sabbesaṃ yāvakālikaphalānaṃ phāṇitaṃ yāvakālikameva. Maricapakkehi phāṇitaṃ karonti, taṃ yāvajīvikaṃ. Evaṃ yathāvuttāni sattāhakālikāni sappiādīni pañca ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañca bhesajjānī’’ti (mahāva. 260) bhesajjanāmena anuññātattā bhesajjakiccaṃ karontu vā mā vā, āhāratthaṃ pharituṃ samatthānipi paṭiggahetvā tadahupurebhattaṃ yathāsukhaṃ, pacchābhattato paṭṭhāya sati paccaye vuttanayena sattāhaṃ paribhuñjitabbāni, sattāhātikkame pana bhesajjasikkhāpadena nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. Sacepi sāsapamattaṃ hoti, sakiṃ vā aṅguliyā gahetvā jivhāya sāyanamattaṃ, nissajjitabbameva pācittiyañca desetabbaṃ. Nissaṭṭhaṃ paṭilabhitvā na ajjhoharitabbaṃ, na kāyikena paribhogena paribhuñjitabbaṃ , kāyo vā kāye aru vā na makkhetabbaṃ. Tehi makkhitāni kāsāvakattarayaṭṭhiupāhanapādakaṭhalikamañcapīṭhādīnipi aparibhogāni. ‘‘Dvāravātapānakavāṭesupi hatthena gahaṇaṭṭhānaṃ na makkhetabba’’nti mahāpaccariyaṃ vuttaṃ. ‘‘Kasāve pana pakkhipitvā dvāravātapānakavāṭāni makkhetabbānī’’ti mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ. Padīpe vā kāḷavaṇṇe vā upanetuṃ vaṭṭati. Aññena pana bhikkhunā kāyikena paribhogena paribhuñjitabbaṃ, na ajjhoharitabbaṃ. ‘‘Anāpatti antosattāhaṃ adhiṭṭhetī’’ti (pārā. 625) vacanato pana sattāhabbhantare sappiñca telañca vasañca muddhani telaṃ vā abbhañjanaṃ vā madhuṃ arumakkhanaṃ phāṇitaṃ gharadhūpanaṃ adhiṭṭheti anāpatti, neva nissaggiyaṃ hoti. Sace adhiṭṭhitatelaṃ anadhiṭṭhitatelabhājane ākiritukāmo hoti, bhājane ce sukhumaṃ chiddaṃ, paviṭṭhaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ telaṃ purāṇatelena ajjhottharīyati, puna adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ. Atha mahāmukhaṃ hoti, sahasāva bahu telaṃ pavisitvā purāṇatelaṃ ajjhottharati, puna adhiṭṭhānakiccaṃ natthi. Adhiṭṭhitagatikameva hi taṃ hoti. Etena nayena adhiṭṭhitatelabhājane anadhiṭṭhitatelaākiraṇampi veditabbaṃ.

Sace pana sattāhātikkantaṃ anupasampannassa pariccajitvā deti, puna tena attano santakaṃ katvā dinnaṃ paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Sace hi so abhisaṅkharitvā vā anabhisaṅkharitvā vā tassa bhikkhuno natthukammatthaṃ dadeyya, gahetvā natthukammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Sace bālo hoti, dātuṃ na jānāti, aññena bhikkhunā vattabbo ‘‘atthi te sāmaṇera tela’’nti? ‘‘Āma, bhante, atthī’’ti. Āhara therassa bhesajjaṃ karissāmāti. Evampi vaṭṭati. Sace dvinnaṃ santakaṃ ekena paṭiggahitaṃ avibhattaṃ hoti, sattāhātikkame dvinnampi anāpatti, paribhuñjituṃ pana na vaṭṭati. Sace yena paṭiggahitaṃ, so itaraṃ bhaṇati ‘‘āvuso, imaṃ telaṃ sattāhamattaṃ paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti, so ca paribhogaṃ na karoti, kassa āpatti? Na kassaci. Kasmā? Yena paṭiggahitaṃ, tena vissajjitattā, itarassa appaṭiggahitattā.

100. Imesu (mahāva. aṭṭha. 305) pana catūsu kālikesu yāvakālikaṃ yāmakālikanti idameva dvayaṃ antovutthakañceva sannidhikārakañca hoti, sattāhakālikañca yāvajīvikañca akappiyakuṭiyaṃ nikkhipitumpi vaṭṭati, sannidhimpi na janeti. Yāvakālikaṃ pana attanā saddhiṃ sambhinnarasāni tīṇipi yāmakālikādīni attano sabhāvaṃ upaneti. Yāmakālikaṃ dvepi sattāhakālikādīni attano sabhāvaṃ upaneti, sattāhakālikampi attanā saddhiṃ saṃsaṭṭhaṃ yāvajīvikaṃ attano sabhāvaññeva upaneti, tasmā yāvakālikena tadahupaṭiggahitena saddhiṃ saṃsaṭṭhaṃ sambhinnarasaṃ sesakālikattayaṃ tadahupurebhattameva vaṭṭati. Yāmakālikena saṃsaṭṭhaṃ pana itaradvayaṃ tadahupaṭiggahitaṃ yāva aruṇuggamanā vaṭṭati. Sattāhakālikena pana tadahupaṭiggahitena saddhiṃ saṃsaṭṭhaṃ tadahupaṭiggahitaṃ vā purepaṭiggahitaṃ vā yāvajīvikaṃ sattāhaṃ kappati. Dvīhapaṭiggahitena chāhaṃ. Tīhapaṭiggahitena pañcāhaṃ…pe… sattāhapaṭiggahitena tadaheva kappatīti veditabbaṃ. Kālayāmasattāhātikkamesu cettha vikālabhojanasannidhibhesajjasikkhāpadānaṃ vasena āpattiyo veditabbā.

Sace pana ekato paṭiggahitānipi cattāri kālikāni sambhinnarasāni na honti, tassa tasseva kālassa vasena paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭanti. Sace hi challimpi anapanetvā sakaleneva nāḷikeraphalena saddhiṃ ambapānādipānakaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ hoti, nāḷikeraṃ apanetvā taṃ vikālepi kappati. Upari sappipiṇḍaṃ ṭhapetvā sītalapāyāsaṃ denti, yaṃ pāyāsena asaṃsaṭṭhaṃ sappi, taṃ apanetvā sattāhaṃ paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Thaddhamadhuphāṇitādīsupi eseva nayo. Takkolajātiphalādīhi alaṅkaritvā piṇḍapātaṃ denti, tāni uddharitvā dhovitvā yāvajīvaṃ paribhuñjitabbāni. Yāguyaṃ pakkhipitvā dinnasiṅgiverādīsupi telādīsu pakkhipitvā dinnalaṭṭhimadhukādīsupi eseva nayo. Evaṃ yaṃ yaṃ asambhinnarasaṃ hoti, taṃ taṃ ekato paṭiggahitampi yathā suddhaṃ hoti, tathā dhovitvā tacchetvā vā tassa tassa kālassa vasena paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Sace sambhinnarasaṃ hoti saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, na vaṭṭati.

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* Bài viết trích trong Vinayasaṅgaha-aṭṭhakathā >> Tīkā, nguồn Tipitaka.org. Tải sách PDF tại đây.

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