16. Sahaseyyavinicchayakathā
79. Duvidhaṃ sahaseyyakanti ‘‘yo pana bhikkhu anupasampannena uttaridirattatirattaṃ sahaseyyaṃ kappeyya, pācittiyaṃ (pāci. 49). Yo pana bhikkhu mātugāmena sahaseyyaṃ kappeyya, pācittiya’’nti (pāci. 56) evaṃ vuttaṃ sahaseyyasikkhāpadadvayaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ vinicchayo (pāci. aṭṭha. 50-51) – anupasampannena saddhiṃ tiṇṇaṃ rattīnaṃ upari catutthadivase atthaṅgate sūriye sabbacchannasabbaparicchanne yebhuyyacchannayebhuyyaparicchanne vā senāsane pubbāpariyena vā ekakkhaṇe vā nipajjantassa pācittiyaṃ. Tattha chadanaṃ anāhacca diyaḍḍhahatthubbedhena pākārādinā yena kenaci paricchannampi sabbaparicchannamicceva veditabbaṃ. Yaṃ senāsanaṃ upari pañcahi chadanehi aññena vā kenaci sabbameva paricchannaṃ, idaṃ sabbacchannaṃ nāma senāsanaṃ. Aṭṭhakathāsu pana pākaṭavohāraṃ gahetvā vācuggatavasena ‘‘sabbacchannaṃ nāma pañcahi chadanehi channa’’nti vuttaṃ. Kiñcāpi vuttaṃ, atha kho dussakuṭiyaṃ sayantassapi na sakkā anāpatti kātuṃ, tasmā yaṃ kiñci paṭicchādanasamatthaṃ idha chadanañca paricchannañca veditabbaṃ. Pañcavidhacchadaneyeva hi gayhamāne padaracchannepi sahaseyyā na bhaveyya, tasmā yaṃ senāsanaṃ bhūmito paṭṭhāya yāvachadanaṃ āhacca pākārena vā aññena vā kenaci antamaso vatthenapi parikkhittaṃ, idaṃ sabbaparicchannaṃ nāma senāsanaṃ. Chadanaṃ anāhacca sabbantimena pariyāyena diyaḍḍhahatthubbedhena pākārādinā parikkhittampi sabbaparicchannameva. Yassa pana upari bahutaraṃ ṭhānaṃ channaṃ, appaṃ acchannaṃ, samantato vā bahutaraṃ parikkhittaṃ, appaṃ aparikkhittaṃ, idaṃ yebhuyyenachannaṃ yebhuyyenaparicchannaṃ nāma.
Iminā lakkhaṇena samannāgato sacepi sattabhūmiko pāsādo ekūpacāro hoti, satagabbhaṃ vā catusālaṃ, ekaṃ senāsanamicceva saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Evarūpe senāsane anupasampannena saddhiṃ catutthadivase atthaṅgate sūriye nipajjantassa pācittiyaṃ vuttaṃ. Sace pana sambahulā sāmaṇerā, eko bhikkhu, sāmaṇeragaṇanāya pācittiyā. Te ce uṭṭhāyuṭṭhāya nipajjanti, tesaṃ payoge payoge bhikkhussa āpatti, bhikkhussa uṭṭhāyuṭṭhāya nipajjane pana bhikkhusseva payogena bhikkhussa āpatti. Sace sambahulā bhikkhū, eko sāmaṇero, ekopi sabbesaṃ āpattiṃ karoti. Tassa uṭṭhāyuṭṭhāya nipajjanenapi bhikkhūnaṃ āpattiyeva. Ubhayesaṃ sambahulabhāvepi eseva nayo.
80. Apicettha ekāvāsādikampi catukkaṃ veditabbaṃ. Yo hi ekasmiṃ āvāse ekeneva anupasampannena saddhiṃ tirattaṃ sahaseyyaṃ kappeti, tassa catutthadivasato paṭṭhāya devasikā āpatti. Yopi ekasmiṃyeva āvāse nānāanupasampannehi saddhiṃ tirattaṃ sahaseyyaṃ kappeti, tassapi. Yopi nānāāvāsesu ekeneva anupasampannena saddhiṃ tirattaṃ sahaseyyaṃ kappeti, tassapi. Yopi nānāāvāsesu nānāanupasampannehi saddhiṃ yojanasatampi gantvā sahaseyyaṃ kappeti, tassapi catutthadivasato paṭṭhāya devasikā āpatti.
Ayañca sahaseyyāpatti nāma ‘‘bhikkhuṃ ṭhapetvā avaseso anupasampanno nāmā’’ti vacanato antamaso pārājikavatthubhūtena tiracchānagatenapi saddhiṃ hoti, tasmā sacepi godhābiḷālamaṅgusādīsu koci pavisitvā bhikkhuno vasanasenāsane ekūpacāraṭṭhāne sayati, sahaseyyāva hoti. Yadi pana thambhānaṃ upari katapāsādassa uparimatalena saddhiṃ asambaddhabhittikassa bhittiyā upariṭhitasusiratulāsīsassa susirena pavisitvā tulāya abbhantare sayitvā teneva susirena nikkhamitvā gacchati, heṭṭhāpāsāde sayitabhikkhussa anāpatti. Sace chadane chiddaṃ hoti, tena pavisitvā antochadane vasitvā teneva pakkamati, nānūpacāre uparimatale chadanabbhantare sayitassa āpatti, heṭṭhimatale sayitassa anāpatti. Sace antopāsādeneva ārohitvā sabbatalāni paribhuñjanti, ekūpacārāni honti, tesu yattha katthaci sayitassa āpatti, sabhāsaṅkhepena kate aḍḍhakuṭṭake senāsane sayitassa tulāvāḷasaghāṭādīsu kapotādayo sayanti, āpattiyeva. Parikkhepassa bahigate nibbakosabbhantare sayanti, anāpatti. Parimaṇḍalaṃ vā caturassaṃ vā ekacchadanāya gabbhamālāya satagabbhaṃ cepi senāsanaṃ hoti, tatra ce ekena sādhāraṇadvārena pavisitvā visuṃ pākārena aparicchinnagabbhūpacāre sabbagabbhepi pavisanti, ekagabbhepi anupasampanne nipanne sabbagabbhesu nipannānaṃ āpatti. Sace sapamukhā gabbhā honti, pamukhañca upari acchannaṃ, pamukhe sayito gabbhe sayitānaṃ āpattiṃ na karoti. Sace pana gabbhacchadaneneva saddhiṃ sambandhachadanaṃ, tatra sayito sabbesaṃ āpattiṃ karoti. Kasmā? Sabbacchannattā ca sabbaparicchannattā ca. Gabbhaparikkhepoyeva hissa parikkhepo.
81. Yepi ekasāladvisālatisālacatusālasannivesā mahāpāsādā ekasmiṃ okāse pāde dhovitvā paviṭṭhena sakkā honti sabbattha anuparigantuṃ, tesupi sahaseyyāpattiyā na muccati. Sace tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ṭhāne upacāraṃ paricchinditvā katā honti, ekūpacāraṭṭhāneyeva āpatti. Dvīhi dvārehi yuttassa sudhāchadanamaṇḍapassa majjhe pākāraṃ karonti, ekena dvārena pavisitvā ekasmiṃ paricchede anupasampanno sayati, ekasmiṃ bhikkhu, anāpatti. Pākāre godhādīnaṃ pavisanamattaṃ chiddaṃ hoti, ekasmiñca paricchede godhā sayanti, anāpattiyeva. Na hi chiddena gehaṃ ekūpacāraṃ nāma hoti. Sace pākāramajjhe chinditvā dvāraṃ yojenti, ekūpacāratāya āpatti. Taṃ dvāraṃ kavāṭena pidahitvā sayanti, āpattiyeva. Na hi dvārapidahanena gehaṃ nānūpacāraṃ nāma hoti, dvāraṃ vā advāraṃ. Kavāṭañhi saṃvaraṇavivaraṇehi yathāsukhaṃ vaḷañjanatthāya kataṃ, na vaḷañjupacchedanatthāya. Sace taṃ dvāraṃ puna iṭṭhakāhi pidahanti, advāraṃ hoti, purime nānūpacārabhāveyeva tiṭṭhati. Dīghapamukhaṃ cetiyagharaṃ hoti, ekaṃ kavāṭaṃ anto, ekaṃ bahi, dvinnaṃ kavāṭānaṃ antare anupasampanno antocetiyaghare sayantassa āpattiṃ karoti ekūpacārattā.
Ayañhettha saṅkhepo – senāsanaṃ khuddakaṃ vā hotu mahantaṃ vā, aññena saddhiṃ sambandhaṃ vā asambandhaṃ vā, dīghaṃ vā vaṭṭaṃ vā caturassaṃ vā, ekabhūmikaṃ vā anekabhūmikaṃ vā, yaṃ yaṃ ekūpacāraṃ, sabbattha sahaseyyāpatti hotīti. Ettha ca yena kenaci paṭicchadanena sabbacchanne sabbaparicchanne pācittiyaṃ, yebhuyyenachanne yebhuyyenaparicchanne pācittiyaṃ, sabbacchanne yebhuyyenaparicchanne pācittiyaṃ, sabbacchanne upaḍḍhaparicchanne pācittiyaṃ, yebhuyyenachanne upaḍḍhaparicchanne pācittiyaṃ, sabbaparicchanne yebhuyyenachanne pācittiyaṃ, sabbaparicchanne upaḍḍhacchanne pācittiyaṃ, yebhuyyenaparicchanne upaḍḍhacchanne pācittiyanti aṭṭha pācittiyāni. Upaḍḍhacchanne upaḍḍhaparicchanne dukkaṭaṃ, sabbacchanne cūḷakaparicchanne dukkaṭaṃ, yebhuyyenachanne cūḷakaparicchanne dukkaṭaṃ, sabbaparicchanne cūḷakacchanne dukkaṭaṃ, yebhuyyenaparicchanne cūḷakacchanne dukkaṭanti pañca dukkaṭāni veditabbāni. Sabbacchanne sabbaaparicchanne, sabbaparicchanne sabbaacchanne, yebhuyyenaacchanne yebhuyyenaaparicchanne, upaḍḍhacchanne cūḷakaparicchanne, upaḍḍhaparicchanne cūḷakacchanne cūḷakaparicchanne ca anāpatti. Mātugāmena saha nipajjantassapi ayameva vinicchayo. Ayañhettha viseso – anupasampannena saddhiṃ nipajjantassa catutthadivase āpatti, mātugāmena saddhiṃ paṭhamadivaseti. Yakkhipetīhi pana dissamānakarūpāhi tiracchānagatitthiyā ca methunadhammavatthubhūtāya eva dukkaṭaṃ, sesāhi anāpatti.
Iti pāḷimuttakavinayavinicchayasaṅgahe
Sahaseyyavinicchayakathā samattā.
* Bài viết trích trong Vinayasaṅgaha-aṭṭhakathā >> Tīkā, nguồn Tipitaka.org. Tải sách PDF tại đây.
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