Nội Dung Chính
(8) 3. Ākaṅkhavaggo
1. Ākaṅkhasuttaṃ
71.[a. ni. 4.12; itivu. 111] Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
‘‘Sampannasīlā , bhikkhave, viharatha sampannapātimokkhā, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvutā viharatha ācāragocarasampannā aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvino, samādāya sikkhatha sikkhāpadesu.
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo cassaṃ manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo cā’ti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘lābhī assaṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārāna’nti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘yesāhaṃ paribhuñjāmi cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ tesaṃ te kārā mahapphalā assu mahānisaṃsā’ti, sīlesvevassa…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave , bhikkhu ‘ye me [ye maṃ (ma. ni. 1.65)] petā ñātī sālohitā kālaṅkatā [kālakatā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] pasannacittā anussaranti tesaṃ taṃ mahapphalaṃ assa mahānisaṃsa’nti, sīlesvevassa…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘santuṭṭho assaṃ itarītaracīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārenā’ti, sīlesvevassa…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘khamo assaṃ sītassa uṇhassa jighacchāya pipāsāya ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassānaṃ, duruttānaṃ durāgatānaṃ vacanapathānaṃ uppannānaṃ sārīrikānaṃ vedanānaṃ dukkhānaṃ tibbānaṃ [tippānaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] kharānaṃ kaṭukānaṃ asātānaṃ amanāpānaṃ pāṇaharānaṃ adhivāsakajātiko assa’nti, sīlesvevassa…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘aratiratisaho assaṃ, na ca maṃ aratirati saheyya, uppannaṃ aratiratiṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya’nti, sīlesvevassa…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘bhayabheravasaho assaṃ, na ca maṃ bhayabheravo saheyya, uppannaṃ bhayabheravaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya’nti, sīlesvevassa…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī assaṃ akicchalābhī akasiralābhī’ti, sīlesvevassa…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyya’nti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
‘‘‘Sampannasīlā, bhikkhave, viharatha sampannapātimokkhā, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvutā viharatha ācāragocarasampannā aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvino, samādāya sikkhatha sikkhāpadesū’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vutta’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.
2. Kaṇṭakasuttaṃ
72. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ sambahulehi abhiññātehi abhiññātehi therehi sāvakehi saddhiṃ – āyasmatā ca cālena [pālena (syā.)], āyasmatā ca upacālena [uppālena (syā.)], āyasmatā ca kukkuṭena [kakkaṭena (sī. syā.)], āyasmatā ca kaḷimbhena [kavimbhena (sī.)], āyasmatā ca nikaṭena [kaṭena (sī.)], āyasmatā ca kaṭissahena; aññehi ca abhiññātehi abhiññātehi therehi sāvakehi saddhiṃ.
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī bhadrehi bhadrehi yānehi parapurāya [paraṃpurāya (syā. aṭṭha.)] uccāsaddā mahāsaddā mahāvanaṃ ajjhogāhanti bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Atha kho tesaṃ āyasmantānaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘ime kho sambahulā abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī bhadrehi bhadrehi yānehi parapurāya uccāsaddā mahāsaddā mahāvanaṃ ajjhogāhanti bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. ‘Saddakaṇṭakā kho pana jhānā’ vuttā bhagavatā. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yena gosiṅgasālavanadāyo tenupasaṅkameyyāma . Tattha mayaṃ appasaddā appākiṇṇā phāsuṃ [phāsu (syā. ka.)] vihareyyāmā’’ti. Atha kho te āyasmanto yena gosiṅgasālavanadāyo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; tattha te āyasmanto appasaddā appākiṇṇā phāsuṃ viharanti.
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho, bhikkhave, cālo, kahaṃ upacālo, kahaṃ kukkuṭo, kahaṃ kaḷimbho, kahaṃ nikaṭo, kahaṃ kaṭissaho; kahaṃ nu kho te, bhikkhave, therā sāvakā gatā’’ti?
‘‘Idha, bhante, tesaṃ āyasmantānaṃ etadahosi – ‘ime kho sambahulā abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī bhadrehi bhadrehi yānehi parapurāya uccāsaddā mahāsaddā mahāvanaṃ ajjhogāhanti bhagavantaṃ dassanāya ‘saddakaṇṭakā kho pana jhānāvuttā bhagavatā yaṃnūna mayaṃ yena gosiṅgasālavanadāyo tenupasaṅkameyyāma tattha mayaṃ appasaddā appākiṇṇā phāsuṃ vihareyyāmā’ti. Atha kho te, bhante, āyasmanto yena gosiṅgasālavanadāyo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Tattha te āyasmanto appasaddā appākiṇṇā phāsuṃ viharantī’’ti .
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhave, yathā te mahāsāvakā sammā byākaramānā byākareyyuṃ, ‘saddakaṇṭakā hi, bhikkhave, jhānā’ vuttā mayā.
‘‘Dasayime, bhikkhave, kaṇṭakā. Katame dasa? Pavivekārāmassa saṅgaṇikārāmatā kaṇṭako, asubhanimittānuyogaṃ anuyuttassa subhanimittānuyogo kaṇṭako, indriyesu guttadvārassa visūkadassanaṃ kaṇṭako, brahmacariyassa mātugāmūpacāro [mātugāmopavicāro (sī.), mātugāmūpavicaro (ka.)] kaṇṭako, [kathā. 333] paṭhamassa jhānassa saddo kaṇṭako, dutiyassa jhānassa vitakkavicārā kaṇṭakā, tatiyassa jhānassa pīti kaṇṭako, catutthassa jhānassa assāsapassāso kaṇṭako, saññāvedayitanirodhasamāpattiyā saññā ca vedanā ca kaṇṭako rāgo kaṇṭako doso kaṇṭako moho kaṇṭako.
‘‘Akaṇṭakā , bhikkhave, viharatha. Nikkaṇṭakā, bhikkhave, viharatha. Akaṇṭakanikkaṇṭakā, bhikkhave, viharatha. Akaṇṭakā, bhikkhave, arahanto; nikkaṇṭakā, bhikkhave, arahanto; akaṇṭakanikkaṇṭakā, bhikkhave, arahanto’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
3. Iṭṭhadhammasuttaṃ
73. ‘‘Dasayime, bhikkhave, dhammā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā dullabhā lokasmiṃ. Katame dasa? Bhogā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā dullabhā lokasmiṃ; vaṇṇo iṭṭho kanto manāpo dullabho lokasmiṃ; ārogyaṃ iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpaṃ dullabhaṃ lokasmiṃ; sīlaṃ iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpaṃ dullabhaṃ lokasmiṃ; brahmacariyaṃ iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpaṃ dullabhaṃ lokasmiṃ; mittā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā dullabhā lokasmiṃ; bāhusaccaṃ iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpaṃ dullabhaṃ lokasmiṃ; paññā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā dullabhā lokasmiṃ; dhammā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā dullabhā lokasmiṃ ; saggā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā dullabhā lokasmiṃ.
‘‘Imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dasannaṃ dhammānaṃ iṭṭhānaṃ kantānaṃ manāpānaṃ dullabhānaṃ lokasmiṃ dasa dhammā paripanthā [paribandhā (ka.)] – ālasyaṃ anuṭṭhānaṃ bhogānaṃ paripantho, amaṇḍanā avibhūsanā vaṇṇassa paripantho, asappāyakiriyā ārogyassa paripantho, pāpamittatā sīlānaṃ paripantho, indriyaasaṃvaro brahmacariyassa paripantho, visaṃvādanā mittānaṃ paripantho, asajjhāyakiriyā bāhusaccassa paripantho, asussūsā aparipucchā paññāya paripantho, ananuyogo apaccavekkhaṇā dhammānaṃ paripantho, micchāpaṭipatti saggānaṃ paripantho. Imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dasannaṃ iṭṭhānaṃ kantānaṃ manāpānaṃ dullabhānaṃ lokasmiṃ ime dasa dhammā paripanthā.
‘‘Imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dasannaṃ dhammānaṃ iṭṭhānaṃ kantānaṃ manāpānaṃ dullabhānaṃ lokasmiṃ dasa dhammā āhārā – uṭṭhānaṃ anālasyaṃ bhogānaṃ āhāro, maṇḍanā vibhūsanā vaṇṇassa āhāro, sappāyakiriyā ārogyassa āhāro, kalyāṇamittatā sīlānaṃ āhāro, indriyasaṃvaro brahmacariyassa āhāro, avisaṃvādanā mittānaṃ āhāro, sajjhāyakiriyā bāhusaccassa āhāro, sussūsā paripucchā paññāya āhāro, anuyogo paccavekkhaṇā dhammānaṃ āhāro, sammāpaṭipatti saggānaṃ āhāro . Imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dasannaṃ dhammānaṃ iṭṭhānaṃ kantānaṃ manāpānaṃ dullabhānaṃ lokasmiṃ ime dasa dhammā āhārā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
4. Vaḍḍhisuttaṃ
74. ‘‘Dasahi , bhikkhave, vaḍḍhīhi vaḍḍhamāno ariyasāvako ariyāya vaḍḍhiyā vaḍḍhati, sārādāyī ca hoti varādāyī kāyassa. Katamehi dasahi? Khettavatthūhi vaḍḍhati, dhanadhaññena vaḍḍhati, puttadārehi vaḍḍhati, dāsakammakaraporisehi vaḍḍhati, catuppadehi vaḍḍhati, saddhāya vaḍḍhati, sīlena vaḍḍhati, sutena vaḍḍhati, cāgena vaḍḍhati, paññāya vaḍḍhati – imehi kho, bhikkhave, dasahi vaḍḍhīhi vaḍḍhamāno ariyasāvako ariyāya vaḍḍhiyā vaḍḍhati, sārādāyī ca hoti varādāyī kāyassāti.
‘‘Dhanena dhaññena ca yodha vaḍḍhati,
Puttehi dārehi catuppadehi ca;
Sa bhogavā hoti yasassi pūjito,
Ñātīhi mittehi athopi rājubhi.
‘‘Saddhāya sīlena ca yodha vaḍḍhati,
Paññāya cāgena sutena cūbhayaṃ;
So tādiso sappuriso vicakkhaṇo,
Diṭṭheva dhamme ubhayena vaḍḍhatī’’ti. catutthaṃ;
5. Migasālāsuttaṃ
75. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena migasālāya upāsikāya nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho migasālā upāsikā yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho migasālā upāsikā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca –
‘‘Kathaṃ kathaṃ nāmāyaṃ, bhante ānanda, bhagavatā dhammo desito aññeyyo, yatra hi nāma brahmacārī ca abrahmacārī ca ubho samasamagatikā bhavissanti abhisamparāyaṃ. Pitā me, bhante, purāṇo brahmacārī hoti ārācārī [anācārī (ka.)] virato methunā gāmadhammā. So kālaṅkato bhagavatā byākato – ‘sakadāgāmī satto [sakadāgāmisatto (sī. syā. pī.)] tusitaṃ kāyaṃ upapanno’ti. Pitāmaho me [pettāpi yo me (sī.), pita piyo me (syā.) a. ni. 6.44], bhante, isidatto abrahmacārī ahosi sadārasantuṭṭho. Sopi kālaṅkato bhagavatā byākato – ‘sakadāgāmī satto tusitaṃ kāyaṃ upapanno’ti.
‘‘Kathaṃ kathaṃ nāmāyaṃ, bhante ānanda, bhagavatā dhammo desito aññeyyo, yatra hi nāma brahmacārī ca abrahmacārī ca ubho samasamagatikā bhavissanti abhisamparāya’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhagini, bhagavatā byākata’’nti.
Atha kho āyasmā ānando migasālāya upāsikāya nivesane piṇḍapātaṃ gahetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Atha kho āyasmā ānando pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
‘‘Idhāhaṃ , bhante, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena migasālāya upāsikāya nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdiṃ. Atha kho, bhante, migasālā upāsikā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho, bhante, migasālā upāsikā maṃ etadavoca –
‘Kathaṃ kathaṃ nāmāyaṃ, bhante ānanda, bhagavatā dhammo desito aññeyyo, yatra hi nāma brahmacārī ca abrahmacārī ca ubho samasamagatikā bhavissanti abhisamparāyaṃ. Pitā me, bhante, purāṇo brahmacārī ahosi ārācārī virato methunā gāmadhammā. So kālaṅkato bhagavatā byākato sakadāgāmī satto tusitaṃ kāyaṃ upapannoti. Pitāmaho me, bhante, isidatto abrahmacārī ahosi sadārasantuṭṭho. Sopi kālaṅkato bhagavatā byākato – sakadāgāmī satto tusitaṃ kāyaṃ upapannoti.
Kathaṃ kathaṃ nāmāyaṃ, bhante ānanda, bhagavatā dhammo desito aññeyyo, yatra hi nāma brahmacārī ca abrahmacārī ca ubho samasamagatikā bhavissanti abhisamparāya’nti? Evaṃ vutte ahaṃ, bhante, migasālaṃ upāsikaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘evaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhagini, bhagavatā byākata’’’nti.
‘‘Kā cānanda, migasālā upāsikā bālā abyattā ammakā ammakapaññā [ambakā ambakapaññā (sī. pī.), andhakā andhakapaññā (syā.)], ke ca purisapuggalaparopariye ñāṇe?
‘‘Dasayime, ānanda, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame dasa? Idhānanda, ekacco puggalo dussīlo hoti. Tañca cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, yatthassa taṃ dussīlyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati. Tassa savanenapi akataṃ hoti, bāhusaccenapi akataṃ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi appaṭividdhaṃ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṃ na labhati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā hānāya pareti, no visesāya; hānagāmīyeva hoti, no visesagāmī.
‘‘Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo dussīlo hoti. Tañca cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti yatthassa taṃ dussīlyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati. Tassa savanenapi kataṃ hoti, bāhusaccenapi kataṃ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi paṭividdhaṃ [suppaṭividdhaṃ (syā.)] hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṃ labhati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā visesāya pareti, no hānāya; visesagāmīyeva hoti, no hānagāmī.
‘‘Tatrānanda, pamāṇikā pamiṇanti – ‘imassapi teva dhammā, aparassapi teva dhammā. Kasmā nesaṃ eko hīno eko paṇīto’ti? Tañhi tesaṃ, ānanda, hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya.
‘‘Tatrānanda, yvāyaṃ puggalo dussīlo hoti. Tañca cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti yatthassa taṃ dussīlyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati. Tassa savanenapi kataṃ hoti, bāhusaccenapi kataṃ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi paṭividdhaṃ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṃ labhati. Ayaṃ, ānanda, puggalo amunā purimena puggalena abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca. Taṃ kissa hetu? Imaṃ hānanda, puggalaṃ dhammasoto nibbahati. Tadantaraṃ ko jāneyya, aññatra tathāgatena! Tasmātihānanda, mā puggalesu pamāṇikā ahuvattha , mā puggalesu pamāṇaṃ gaṇhittha. Khaññati hānanda, puggalesu pamāṇaṃ gaṇhanto. Ahaṃ vā, ānanda [ahañcānanda (sī. syā. ka.) a. ni. 6.44 passitabbaṃ], puggalesu pamāṇaṃ gaṇheyyaṃ yo vā panassa mādiso.
‘‘Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo sīlavā hoti. Tañca cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti yatthassa taṃ sīlaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati. Tassa savanenapi akataṃ hoti, bāhusaccenapi akataṃ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi appaṭividdhaṃ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṃ na labhati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā hānāya pareti, no visesāya; hānagāmīyeva hoti, no visesagāmī.
‘‘Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo sīlavā hoti. Tañca cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti yatthassa taṃ sīlaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati. Tassa savanenapi kataṃ hoti, bāhusaccenapi kataṃ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi paṭividdhaṃ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṃ labhati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā visesāya pareti, no hānāya; visesagāmīyeva hoti, no hānagāmī.
‘‘Tatrānanda, pamāṇikā pamiṇanti…pe… ahaṃ vā, ānanda, puggalesu pamāṇaṃ gaṇheyyaṃ yo vā panassa mādiso.
‘‘Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo tibbarāgo hoti. Tañca cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti yatthassa so rāgo apariseso nirujjhati. Tassa savanenapi akataṃ hoti, bāhusaccenapi akataṃ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi appaṭividdhaṃ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṃ na labhati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā hānāya pareti, no visesāya; hānagāmīyeva hoti, no visesagāmī.
‘‘Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo tibbarāgo hoti. Tañca cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti yatthassa so rāgo apariseso nirujjhati. Tassa savanenapi kataṃ hoti, bāhusaccenapi kataṃ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi paṭividdhaṃ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṃ labhati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā visesāya pareti, no hānāya; visesagāmīyeva hoti, no hānagāmī.
‘‘Tatrānanda , pamāṇikā pamiṇanti…pe… ahaṃ vā, ānanda, puggalesu pamāṇaṃ gaṇheyyaṃ yo vā panassa mādiso.
‘‘Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo kodhano hoti. Tañca cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti yatthassa so kodho apariseso nirujjhati. Tassa savanenapi akataṃ hoti, bāhusaccenapi akataṃ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi appaṭividdhaṃ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṃ na labhati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā hānāya pareti, no visesāya; hānagāmīyeva hoti, no visesagāmī.
‘‘Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo kodhano hoti. Tañca cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti yatthassa so kodho apariseso nirujjhati. Tassa savanenapi kataṃ hoti, bāhusaccenapi kataṃ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi paṭividdhaṃ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṃ labhati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā visesāya pareti, no hānāya; visesagāmīyeva hoti, no hānagāmī.
‘‘Tatrānanda, pamāṇikā pamiṇanti…pe… ahaṃ vā, ānanda, puggalesu pamāṇaṃ gaṇheyyaṃ yo vā panassa mādiso.
‘‘Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo uddhato hoti. Tañca cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti yatthassa taṃ uddhaccaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati. Tassa savanenapi akataṃ hoti, bāhusaccenapi akataṃ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi appaṭividdhaṃ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṃ na labhati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā hānāya pareti, no visesāya; hānagāmīyeva hoti, no visesagāmī.
‘‘Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo uddhato hoti. Tañca cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti yatthassa taṃ uddhaccaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati. Tassa savanenapi kataṃ hoti, bāhusaccenapi kataṃ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi paṭividdhaṃ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṃ labhati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā visesāya pareti, no hānāya; visesagāmīyeva hoti, no hānagāmī.
‘‘Tatrānanda , pamāṇikā pamiṇanti – ‘imassapi teva dhammā, aparassapi teva dhammā. Kasmā nesaṃ eko hīno eko paṇīto’ti? Tañhi tesaṃ, ānanda, hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya.
‘‘Tatrānanda, yvāyaṃ puggalo uddhato hoti tañca cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti yatthassa taṃ uddhaccaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati, tassa savanenapi kataṃ hoti, bāhusaccenapi kataṃ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi paṭividdhaṃ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṃ labhati. Ayaṃ, ānanda, puggalo amunā purimena puggalena abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca. Taṃ kissa hetu ? Imaṃ hānanda, puggalaṃ dhammasoto nibbahati. Tadantaraṃ ko jāneyya aññatra tathāgatena! Tasmātihānanda, mā puggalesu pamāṇikā ahuvattha; mā puggalesu pamāṇaṃ gaṇhittha. Khaññati hānanda, puggalesu pamāṇaṃ gaṇhanto. Ahaṃ vā, ānanda, puggalesu pamāṇaṃ gaṇheyyaṃ yo vā panassa mādiso.
‘‘Kā cānanda, migasālā upāsikā bālā abyattā ammakā ammakapaññā, ke ca purisapuggalaparopariye ñāṇe! Ime kho, ānanda, dasa puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ.
‘‘Yathārūpena, ānanda, sīlena purāṇo samannāgato ahosi tathārūpena sīlena isidatto samannāgato abhavissa, nayidha purāṇo isidattassa gatimpi aññassa. Yathārūpāya cānanda, paññāya isidatto samannāgato ahosi tathārūpāya paññāya purāṇo samannāgato abhavissa, nayidha isidatto purāṇassa gatimpi aññassa. Iti kho, ānanda, ime puggalā ubho ekaṅgahīnā’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
6. Tayodhammasuttaṃ
76. ‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhammā loke na saṃvijjeyyuṃ, na tathāgato loke uppajjeyya arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, na tathāgatappavedito dhammavinayo loke dibbeyya. Katame tayo? Jāti ca, jarā ca, maraṇañca – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhammā loke na saṃvijjeyyuṃ, na tathāgato loke uppajjeyya arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, na tathāgatappavedito dhammavinayo loke dibbeyya. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, ime tayo dhammā loke saṃvijjanti tasmā tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, tasmā tathāgatappavedito dhammavinayo loke dibbati.
‘‘Tayome , bhikkhave, dhamme appahāya abhabbo jātiṃ pahātuṃ jaraṃ pahātuṃ maraṇaṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Rāgaṃ appahāya, dosaṃ appahāya, mohaṃ appahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme appahāya abhabbo jātiṃ pahātuṃ jaraṃ pahātuṃ maraṇaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome bhikkhave, dhamme appahāya abhabbo rāgaṃ pahātuṃ dosaṃ pahātuṃ mohaṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Sakkāyadiṭṭhiṃ appahāya, vicikicchaṃ appahāya, sīlabbataparāmāsaṃ appahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme appahāya abhabbo rāgaṃ pahātuṃ dosaṃ pahātuṃ mohaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome , bhikkhave, dhamme appahāya abhabbo sakkāyadiṭṭhiṃ pahātuṃ vicikicchaṃ pahātuṃ sīlabbataparāmāsaṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Ayonisomanasikāraṃ appahāya, kummaggasevanaṃ appahāya, cetaso līnattaṃ appahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme appahāya abhabbo sakkāyadiṭṭhiṃ pahātuṃ vicikicchaṃ pahātuṃ sīlabbataparāmāsaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhamme appahāya abhabbo ayoniso manasikāraṃ pahātuṃ kummaggasevanaṃ pahātuṃ cetaso līnattaṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Muṭṭhasaccaṃ appahāya, asampajaññaṃ appahāya, cetaso vikkhepaṃ appahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme appahāya abhabbo ayonisomanasikāraṃ pahātuṃ kummaggasevanaṃ pahātuṃ cetaso līnattaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhamme appahāya abhabbo muṭṭhasaccaṃ pahātuṃ asampajaññaṃ pahātuṃ cetaso vikkhepaṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Ariyānaṃ adassanakamyataṃ appahāya, ariyadhammassa [ariyadhammaṃ (syā.)] asotukamyataṃ appahāya, upārambhacittataṃ appahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme appahāya abhabbo muṭṭhasaccaṃ pahātuṃ asampajaññaṃ pahātuṃ cetaso vikkhepaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhamme appahāya abhabbo ariyānaṃ adassanakamyataṃ pahātuṃ ariyadhammassa asotukamyataṃ pahātuṃ upārambhacittataṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Uddhaccaṃ appahāya, asaṃvaraṃ appahāya, dussīlyaṃ appahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme appahāya abhabbo ariyānaṃ adassanakamyataṃ pahātuṃ ariyadhammassa asotukamyataṃ pahātuṃ upārambhacittataṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome , bhikkhave, dhamme appahāya abhabbo uddhaccaṃ pahātuṃ asaṃvaraṃ pahātuṃ dussīlyaṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo ? Assaddhiyaṃ appahāya, avadaññutaṃ appahāya, kosajjaṃ appahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme appahāya abhabbo uddhaccaṃ pahātuṃ asaṃvaraṃ pahātuṃ dussīlyaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome , bhikkhave, dhamme appahāya abhabbo assaddhiyaṃ pahātuṃ avadaññutaṃ pahātuṃ kosajjaṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Anādariyaṃ appahāya, dovacassataṃ appahāya, pāpamittataṃ appahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme appahāya abhabbo assaddhiyaṃ pahātuṃ avadaññutaṃ pahātuṃ kosajjaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhamme appahāya abhabbo anādariyaṃ pahātuṃ dovacassataṃ pahātuṃ pāpamittataṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Ahirikaṃ appahāya, anottappaṃ appahāya, pamādaṃ appahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme appahāya abhabbo anādariyaṃ pahātuṃ dovacassataṃ pahātuṃ pāpamittataṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Ahirikoyaṃ, bhikkhave, anottāpī pamatto hoti. So pamatto samāno abhabbo anādariyaṃ pahātuṃ dovacassataṃ pahātuṃ pāpamittataṃ pahātuṃ. So pāpamitto samāno abhabbo assaddhiyaṃ pahātuṃ avadaññutaṃ pahātuṃ kosajjaṃ pahātuṃ. So kusīto samāno abhabbo uddhaccaṃ pahātuṃ asaṃvaraṃ pahātuṃ dussīlyaṃ pahātuṃ. So dussīlo samāno abhabbo ariyānaṃ adassanakamyataṃ pahātuṃ ariyadhammassa asotukamyataṃ pahātuṃ upārambhacittataṃ pahātuṃ. So upārambhacitto samāno abhabbo muṭṭhasaccaṃ pahātuṃ asampajaññaṃ pahātuṃ cetaso vikkhepaṃ pahātuṃ. So vikkhittacitto samāno abhabbo ayonisomanasikāraṃ pahātuṃ kummaggasevanaṃ pahātuṃ cetaso līnattaṃ pahātuṃ. So līnacitto samāno abhabbo sakkāyadiṭṭhiṃ pahātuṃ vicikicchaṃ pahātuṃ sīlabbataparāmāsaṃ pahātuṃ. So vicikiccho samāno abhabbo rāgaṃ pahātuṃ dosaṃ pahātuṃ mohaṃ pahātuṃ. So rāgaṃ appahāya dosaṃ appahāya mohaṃ appahāya abhabbo jātiṃ pahātuṃ jaraṃ pahātuṃ maraṇaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhamme pahāya bhabbo jātiṃ pahātuṃ jaraṃ pahātuṃ maraṇaṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Rāgaṃ pahāya, dosaṃ pahāya, mohaṃ pahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme pahāya bhabbo jātiṃ pahātuṃ jaraṃ pahātuṃ maraṇaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhamme pahāya bhabbo rāgaṃ pahātuṃ dosaṃ pahātuṃ mohaṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo ? Sakkāyadiṭṭhiṃ pahāya, vicikicchaṃ pahāya, sīlabbataparāmāsaṃ pahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme pahāya bhabbo rāgaṃ pahātuṃ dosaṃ pahātuṃ mohaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhamme pahāya bhabbo sakkāyadiṭṭhiṃ pahātuṃ vicikicchaṃ pahātuṃ sīlabbataparāmāsaṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Ayonisomanasikāraṃ pahāya, kummaggasevanaṃ pahāya, cetaso līnattaṃ pahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme pahāya bhabbo sakkāyadiṭṭhiṃ pahātuṃ vicikicchaṃ pahātuṃ sīlabbataparāmāsaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhamme pahāya bhabbo ayonisomanasikāraṃ pahātuṃ kummaggasevanaṃ pahātuṃ cetaso līnattaṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Muṭṭhasaccaṃ pahāya, asampajaññaṃ pahāya, cetaso vikkhepaṃ pahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme pahāya bhabbo ayonisomanasikāraṃ pahātuṃ kummaggasevanaṃ pahātuṃ cetaso līnattaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome , bhikkhave, dhamme pahāya bhabbo muṭṭhasaccaṃ pahātuṃ asampajaññaṃ pahātuṃ cetaso vikkhepaṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Ariyānaṃ adassanakamyataṃ pahāya, ariyadhammassa asotukamyataṃ pahāya, upārambhacittataṃ pahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme pahāya bhabbo muṭṭhassaccaṃ pahātuṃ asampajaññaṃ pahātuṃ cetaso vikkhepaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhamme pahāya bhabbo ariyānaṃ adassanakamyataṃ pahātuṃ ariyadhammassa asotukamyataṃ pahātuṃ upārambhacittataṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Uddhaccaṃ pahāya, asaṃvaraṃ pahāya, dussīlyaṃ pahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme pahāya bhabbo ariyānaṃ adassanakamyataṃ pahātuṃ ariyadhammassa asotukamyataṃ pahātuṃ upārambhacittataṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhamme pahāya bhabbo uddhaccaṃ pahātuṃ asaṃvaraṃ pahātuṃ dussīlyaṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Assaddhiyaṃ pahāya, avadaññutaṃ pahāya, kosajjaṃ pahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme pahāya bhabbo uddhaccaṃ pahātuṃ asaṃvaraṃ pahātuṃ dussīlyaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhamme pahāya bhabbo assaddhiyaṃ pahātuṃ avadaññutaṃ pahātuṃ kosajjaṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Anādariyaṃ pahāya, dovacassataṃ pahāya, pāpamittataṃ pahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme pahāya bhabbo assaddhiyaṃ pahātuṃ avadaññutaṃ pahātuṃ kosajjaṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, dhamme pahāya bhabbo anādariyaṃ pahātuṃ dovacassataṃ pahātuṃ pāpamittataṃ pahātuṃ. Katame tayo? Ahirikaṃ pahāya, anottappaṃ pahāya, pamādaṃ pahāya – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo dhamme pahāya bhabbo anādariyaṃ pahātuṃ dovacassataṃ pahātuṃ pāpamittataṃ pahātuṃ.
‘‘Hirīmāyaṃ, bhikkhave, ottāpī appamatto hoti. So appamatto samāno bhabbo anādariyaṃ pahātuṃ dovacassataṃ pahātuṃ pāpamittataṃ pahātuṃ. So kalyāṇamitto samāno bhabbo assaddhiyaṃ pahātuṃ avadaññutaṃ pahātuṃ kosajjaṃ pahātuṃ. So āraddhavīriyo samāno bhabbo uddhaccaṃ pahātuṃ asaṃvaraṃ pahātuṃ dussīlyaṃ pahātuṃ. So sīlavā samāno bhabbo ariyānaṃ adassanakamyataṃ pahātuṃ ariyadhammassa asotukamyataṃ pahātuṃ upārambhacittataṃ pahātuṃ. So anupārambhacitto samāno bhabbo muṭṭhassaccaṃ pahātuṃ asampajaññaṃ pahātuṃ cetaso vikkhepaṃ pahātuṃ. So avikkhittacitto samāno bhabbo ayonisomanasikāraṃ pahātuṃ kummaggasevanaṃ pahātuṃ cetaso līnattaṃ pahātuṃ. So alīnacitto samāno bhabbo sakkāyadiṭṭhiṃ pahātuṃ vicikicchaṃ pahātuṃ sīlabbataparāmāsaṃ pahātuṃ. So avicikiccho samāno bhabbo rāgaṃ pahātuṃ dosaṃ pahātuṃ mohaṃ pahātuṃ. So rāgaṃ pahāya dosaṃ pahāya mohaṃ pahāya bhabbo jātiṃ pahātuṃ jaraṃ pahātuṃ maraṇaṃ pahātu’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
7. Kākasuttaṃ
77. ‘‘Dasahi, bhikkhave, asaddhammehi samannāgato kāko. Katamehi dasahi? Dhaṃsī ca, pagabbho ca, tintiṇo [nillajjo (ka.) tintiṇoti tintiṇaṃ vuccati taṇhā… (sī. syā. aṭṭha.) abhidhamme khuddakavatthuvibhaṅge tintiṇapadaniddese passitabbaṃ] ca, mahagghaso ca, luddo ca, akāruṇiko ca, dubbalo ca, oravitā ca, muṭṭhassati ca, necayiko [nerasiko (sī.) tadaṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘necayiko’’ tveva dissati] ca – imehi kho, bhikkhave, dasahi asaddhammehi samannāgato kāko. Evamevaṃ kho , bhikkhave, dasahi asaddhammehi samannāgato pāpabhikkhu. Katamehi dasahi? Dhaṃsī ca, pagabbho ca, tintiṇo ca, mahagghaso ca, luddo ca, akāruṇiko ca, dubbalo ca, oravitā ca, muṭṭhassati ca, necayiko ca – imehi kho, bhikkhave, dasahi asaddhammehi samannāgato pāpabhikkhū’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
8. Nigaṇṭhasuttaṃ
78. ‘‘Dasahi , bhikkhave, asaddhammehi samannāgatā nigaṇṭhā. Katamehi dasahi? Assaddhā, bhikkhave, nigaṇṭhā; dussīlā, bhikkhave, nigaṇṭhā; ahirikā, bhikkhave, nigaṇṭhā; anottappino, bhikkhave, nigaṇṭhā; asappurisasambhattino, bhikkhave, nigaṇṭhā; attukkaṃsakaparavambhakā, bhikkhave, nigaṇṭhā; sandiṭṭhiparāmāsā ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggino, bhikkhave, nigaṇṭhā; kuhakā, bhikkhave, nigaṇṭhā; pāpicchā, bhikkhave, nigaṇṭhā; pāpamittā, bhikkhave, nigaṇṭhā – imehi kho, bhikkhave, dasahi asaddhammehi samannāgatā nigaṇṭhā’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
9. Āghātavatthusuttaṃ
79.[a. ni. 9.29] ‘‘Dasayimāni, bhikkhave, āghātavatthūni. Katamāni dasa? ‘Anatthaṃ me acarī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati; ‘anatthaṃ me caratī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati; ‘anatthaṃ me carissatī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati; ‘piyassa me manāpassa anatthaṃ acarī’ti…pe… ‘anatthaṃ caratī’ti…pe… ‘anatthaṃ carissatī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati, ‘appiyassa me amanāpassa atthaṃ acarī’ti…pe… ‘atthaṃ caratī’ti…pe… ‘atthaṃ carissatī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati; aṭṭhāne ca kuppati – imāni kho, bhikkhave, dasa āghātavatthūnī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
10. Āghātapaṭivinayasuttaṃ
80. ‘‘Dasayime , bhikkhave, āghātapaṭivinayā. Katame dasa? ‘Anatthaṃ me acari, taṃ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṃ paṭivineti , ‘anatthaṃ me carati, taṃ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṃ paṭivineti, ‘anatthaṃ me carissati, taṃ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṃ paṭivineti, piyassa me manāpassa anatthaṃ acari…pe… carati…pe… carissati, taṃ kutettha labbhāti āghātaṃ paṭivineti , appiyassa me amanāpassa atthaṃ acari…pe… atthaṃ carati…pe… atthaṃ carissati, taṃ kutettha labbhāti āghātaṃ paṭivineti, aṭṭhāne ca na kuppati – ime kho, bhikkhave, dasa āghātapaṭivinayā’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
Ākaṅkhavaggo tatiyo.
Tassuddānaṃ –
Ākaṅkho kaṇṭako iṭṭhā, vaḍḍhi ca migasālāya;
Tayo dhammā ca kāko ca, nigaṇṭhā dve ca āghātāti.
* Bài viết trích trong Aṅguttaranikāya >> Suttapiṭaka >> Tipiṭaka (Mūla), nguồn Tipitaka.org. Tải sách PDF tại đây.
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