Cūḷasaṅgāmo

Anuvijjakassa paṭipattivaṇṇanā

365. Cūḷasaṅgāme saṅgāmāvacarena bhikkhunāti saṅgāmo vuccati adhikaraṇavinicchayatthāya saṅghasannipāto. Tatra hi attapaccatthikā ceva sāsanapaccatthikā ca uddhammaṃ ubbinayaṃ satthu sāsanaṃ dīpentā samosaranti vesālikā vajjiputtakā viya. Yo bhikkhu tesaṃ paccatthikānaṃ laddhiṃ madditvā sakavādadīpanatthāya tattha avacarati, ajjhogāhetvā vinicchayaṃ pavatteti, so saṅgāmāvacaro nāma yasatthero viya. Tena saṅgāmāvacarena bhikkhunā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamantena nīcacittena saṅgho upasaṅkamitabbo. Nīcacittenāti mānaddhajaṃ nipātetvā nihatamānacittena. Rajoharaṇasamenāti pādapuñchanasamena; yathā rajoharaṇassa saṃkiliṭṭhe vā asaṃkiliṭṭhe vā pāde puñchiyamāne neva rāgo na doso; evaṃ iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu arajjantena adussantenāti attho. Yathāpatirūpe āsaneti yathāpatirūpaṃ āsanaṃ ñatvā attano pāpuṇanaṭṭhāne therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ piṭṭhiṃ adassetvā nisīditabbaṃ. Anānākathikenāti nānāvidhaṃ taṃ taṃ anatthakathaṃ akathentena. Atiracchānakathikenāti diṭṭhasutamutampi rājakathādikaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ akathentena. Sāmaṃ vā dhammo bhāsitabboti saṅghasannipātaṭṭhāne kappiyākappiyanissitā vā rūpārūpaparicchedasamathācāravipassanācāraṭṭhānanisajjavattādinissitā vā kathā dhammo nāma. Evarūpo dhammo sayaṃ vā bhāsitabbo, paro vā ajjhesitabbo. Yo bhikkhu tathārūpiṃ kathaṃ kathetuṃ pahoti, so vattabbo – ‘‘āvuso saṅghamajjhamhi pañhe uppanne tvaṃ katheyyāsī’’ti. Ariyo vā tuṇhībhāvo nātimaññitabboti ariyā tuṇhī nisīdantā na bālaputhujjanā viya nisīdanti. Aññataraṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvāva nisīdanti. Iti kammaṭṭhānamanasikāravasena tuṇhībhāvo ariyo tuṇhībhāvo nāma, so nātimaññitabbo, kiṃ kammaṭṭhānānuyogenāti nāvajānitabbo; attano patirūpaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvāva nisīditabbanti attho.

Na upajjhāyo pucchitabboti ‘‘ko nāmo tuyhaṃ upajjhāyo’’ti na pucchitabbo. Esa nayo sabbattha. Na jātīti ‘‘khattiyajātiyo tvaṃ brāhmaṇajātiyo’’ti evaṃ jāti na pucchitabbā. Na āgamoti ‘‘dīghabhāṇakosi tvaṃ majjhimabhāṇako’’ti evaṃ āgamo na pucchitabbo. Kulapadesoti khattiyakulādivaseneva veditabbo. Atrassa pemaṃ vā doso vāti atra puggale etesaṃ kāraṇānaṃ aññataravasena pemaṃ vā bhaveyya doso vā.

No parisakappikenāti parisakappakena parisānuvidhāyakena na bhavitabbaṃ; yaṃ parisāya ruccati, tadeva cetetvā kappetvā na kathetabbanti attho. Na hatthamuddā dassetabbāti kathetabbe ca akathetabbe ca saññājananatthaṃ hatthavikāro na kātabbo.

Atthaṃ anuvidhiyantenāti vinicchayapaṭivedhameva sallakkhentena ‘‘idaṃ suttaṃ upalabbhati, imasmiṃ vinicchaye idaṃ vakkhāmī’’ti evaṃ paritulayantena nisīditabbanti attho. Na ca āsanā vuṭṭhātabbanti na āsanā vuṭṭhāya sannipātamaṇḍale vicaritabbaṃ, vinayadhare uṭṭhite sabbā parisā uṭṭhahati. Na vītihātabbanti na vinicchayo hāpetabbo. Na kummaggo sevitabboti na āpatti dīpetabbā. Asāhasikena bhavitabbanti na sahasākārinā bhavitabbaṃ; sahasā duruttavacanaṃ na kathetabbanti attho. Vacanakkhamenāti duruttavācaṃ khamanasīlena. Hitaparisakkināti hitesinā hitagavesinā karuṇā ca karuṇāpubbabhāgo ca upaṭṭhāpetabboti ayaṃ padadvayepi adhippāyo. Anasuruttenāti na asuruttena. Asuruttaṃ vuccati viggāhikakathāsaṅkhātaṃ asundaravacanaṃ; taṃ na kathetabbanti attho. Attā pariggahetabboti ‘‘vinicchinituṃ vūpasametuṃ sakkhissāmi nu kho no’’ti evaṃ attā pariggahetabbo; attano pamāṇaṃ jānitabbanti attho. Paro pariggahetabboti ‘‘lajjiyā nu kho ayaṃ parisā, sakkā saññāpetuṃ udāhu no’’ti evaṃ paro pariggahetabbo.

Codako pariggahetabboti ‘‘dhammacodako nu kho no’’ti evaṃ pariggahetabbo. Cuditako pariggahetabboti ‘‘dhammacuditako nu kho no’’ti evaṃ pariggahetabbo. Adhammacodako pariggahetabboti tassa pamāṇaṃ jānitabbaṃ. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Vuttaṃahāpentenāti codakacuditakehi vuttavacanaṃ ahāpentena. Avuttaṃ apakāsentenāti anosaṭaṃ vatthuṃ appakāsentena. Mando hāsetabboti mando momūho paggaṇhitabbo, ‘‘nanu tvaṃ kulaputto’’ti uttejetvā anuyogavattaṃ kathāpetvā tassa anuyogo gaṇhitabbo. Bhīrū assāsetabboti yassa saṅghamajjhaṃ vā gaṇamajjhaṃ vā anosaṭapubbattā sārajjaṃ uppajjati, tādiso ‘‘mā bhāyi, vissaṭṭho kathehi, mayaṃ te upatthambhā bhavissāmā’’ti vatvāpi anuyogavattaṃ kathāpetabbo. Caṇḍo nisedhetabboti apasādetabbo tajjetabbo. Asuci vibhāvetabboti alajjiṃ pakāsetvā āpattiṃ desāpetabbo. Ujumaddavenāti yo bhikkhu uju sīlavā kāyavaṅkādirahito, so maddaveneva upacaritabbo. Dhammesu ca puggalesu cāti ettha yo dhammagaruko hoti na puggalagaruko, ayameva dhammesu ca puggalesu ca majjhattoti veditabbo.

366.Suttaṃ saṃsandanatthāyātiādīsu tena ca pana evaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyamanāpagarubhāvanīyena anuvijjakena samudāhaṭesu suttādīsu suttaṃ saṃsandanatthāya; āpattānāpattīnaṃ saṃsandanatthanti veditabbaṃ. Opammaṃ nidassanatthāyāti opammaṃ atthadassanatthāya. Attho viññāpanatthāyāti attho jānāpanatthāya. Paṭipucchā ṭhapanatthāyāti pucchā puggalassa ṭhapanatthāya. Okāsakammaṃ codanatthāyāti vatthunā vā āpattiyā vā codanatthāya. Codanā sāraṇatthāyāti dosādosaṃ sarāpanatthāya. Sāraṇā savacanīyatthāyāti dosādosasāraṇā savacanīyakaraṇatthāya. Savacanīyaṃ palibodhatthāyāti savacanīyaṃ ‘‘imamhā āvāsā paraṃ mā pakkamī’’ti evaṃ palibodhatthāya. Palibodho vinicchayatthāyāti vinicchayaṃ pāpanatthāya. Vinicchayo santīraṇatthāyāti dosādosaṃ santīraṇatthāya tulanatthāya. Santīraṇaṃ ṭhānāṭṭhānagamanatthāyāti āpattianāpattigarukalahukāpattijānanatthāya . Saṅgho sampariggahasampaṭicchanatthāyāti vinicchayasampaṭiggahaṇatthāya ca; suvinicchitadubbinicchitabhāvajānanatthāya cāti attho. Paccekaṭṭhāyino avisaṃvādakaṭṭhāyinoti issariyādhipaccajeṭṭhakaṭṭhāne ca avisaṃvādakaṭṭhāne ca ṭhitā; na te apasādetabbāti attho.

Idāni ye mandā mandabuddhino evaṃ vadeyyuṃ ‘‘vinayo nāma kimatthāyā’’ti tesaṃ vacanokāsapidahanatthamattaṃ dassetuṃ vinayo saṃvaratthāyātiādimāha. Tattha vinayo saṃvaratthāyāti sakalāpi vinayapaññatti kāyavacīdvārasaṃvaratthāya. Ājīvavisuddhipariyosānassa sīlassa upanissayo hoti; paccayo hotīti attho. Esa nayo sabbattha. Apicettha avippaṭisāroti pāpapuññānaṃ katākatavasena cittavippaṭisārābhāvo. Pāmujjanti dubbalā taruṇapīti. Pītīti balavā bahalapīti. Passaddhīti kāyacittadarathapaṭippassaddhi. Sukhanti kāyikacetasikasukhaṃ. Tañhi duvidhampi samādhissa upanissayapaccayo hoti. Samādhīti cittekaggatā. Yathābhūtañāṇadassananti taruṇavipassanā; udayabbayañāṇassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Cittekaggatā hi taruṇavipassanāya upanissayapaccayo hoti. Nibbidāti sikhāpattā vuṭṭhānagāminibalavavipassanā. Virāgoti ariyamaggo. Vimuttīti arahattaphalaṃ. Catubbidhopi hi ariyamaggo arahattaphalassa upanissayapaccayo hoti. Vimuttiñāṇadassananti paccavekkhaṇāñāṇaṃ. Vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ anupādāparinibbānatthāyāti apaccayaparinibbānatthāya. Apaccayaparinibbānassa hi taṃ paccayo hoti, tasmiṃ anuppatte avassaṃ parinibbāyitabbatoti. Etadatthā kathāti ayaṃ vinayakathā nāma etadatthā. Mantanāti vinayamantanā eva. Upanisāti ayaṃ ‘‘vinayo saṃvaratthāyā’’tiādikā paramparapaccayatāpi etadatthāya. Sotāvadhānanti imissā paramparapaccayakathāya sotāvadhānaṃ. Imaṃ kathaṃ sutvā yaṃ uppajjati ñāṇaṃ, tampi etadatthāya. Yadidaṃ anupādā cittassa vimokkhoti yo ayaṃ catūhi upādānehi anupādiyitvā cittassa arahattaphalasaṅkhāto vimokkho, sopi etadatthāya; apaccayaparinibbānatthāya evāti attho.

367. Anuyogavattagāthāsu paṭhamagāthā vuttatthā eva.

Vatthuṃ vipattiṃ āpattiṃ, nidānaṃ ākāraakovido pubbāparaṃ na jānātīti ‘‘vatthu’’ntiādīni ‘‘na jānātī’’ti padena sambandho. ‘‘Akovido’’ti padassa ‘‘sa ve tādisako’’ti iminā sambandho. Tasmā ayamettha yojanā – yo bhikkhu pārājikādīnaṃ vatthuṃ na jānāti, catubbidhaṃ vipattiṃ na jānāti, sattavidhaṃ āpattiṃ na jānāti, ‘‘idaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ asukasmiṃ nāma nagare paññatta’’nti evaṃ nidānaṃ na jānāti, ‘‘idaṃ purimavacanaṃ idaṃ pacchimavacana’’nti pubbāparaṃ na jānāti, ‘‘idaṃ kataṃ idaṃ akata’’nti katākataṃ na jānāti. Samena cāti teneva pubbāparaṃ ajānanassa samena aññāṇena, ‘‘katākataṃ na jānātī’’ti vuttaṃ hoti; evaṃ tāva najānāti-padena saddhiṃ sambandho veditabbo. Yaṃ panetaṃ ‘‘ākāraakovido’’ti vuttaṃ, tattha ākāraakovidoti kāraṇākāraṇe akovido. Iti yvāyaṃ vatthuādīnipi na jānāti, ākārassa ca akovido, sa ve tādisako bhikkhu apaṭikkhoti vuccati.

Kammañca adhikaraṇañcāti imesampi padānaṃ ‘‘na jānātī’’ti padeneva sambandho. Ayaṃ panettha yojanā – tatheva iti yvāyaṃ kammañca na jānāti, adhikaraṇañca na jānāti, sattappakāre samathe cāpi akovido, rāgādīhi pana ratto duṭṭho ca mūḷho ca, bhayena bhayā gacchati, sammohena mohā gacchati, rattattā pana duṭṭhattā ca chandā dosā ca gacchati, paraṃ saññāpetuṃ asamatthatāya na ca saññattikusalo, kāraṇākāraṇadassane asamatthatāya nijjhattiyā ca akovido attano sadisāya parisāya laddhattā laddhapakkho, hiriyā paribāhirattā ahiriko, kāḷakehi kammehi samannāgatattā kaṇhakammo, dhammādariyapuggalādariyānaṃ abhāvato anādaro, sa ve tādisako bhikkhu apaṭikkhoti vuccati, na paṭikkhitabbo na oloketabbo, na sammannitvā issariyādhipaccajeṭṭhakaṭṭhāne ṭhapetabboti attho. Sukkapakkhagāthānampi yojanānayo vuttanayeneva veditabboti.

Cūḷasaṅgāmavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

 

TẢI MOBILE APP PHẬT GIÁO THERAVĀDA ĐỂ XEM THÊM NHIỀU THÔNG TIN HỮU ÍCH (ANDROID & IOS)

* Source Tipitaka.org - Based on the Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana CD published by the Vipassana Research Institute

Dhamma Paññā

BQT trang Theravāda cố gắng sưu tầm thông tin tài liệu Dhamma trợ duyên quý độc giả tìm hiểu về Dhamma - Giáo Pháp Bậc Giác Ngộ thuyết giảng suốt 45 năm sau khi Ngài chứng đắc trở thành Đức Phật Chánh Đẳng Chánh Giác vào đêm Rằm tháng 4, tìm hiểu thêm phương pháp thực hành thiền Anapana, thiền Vipassana qua các tài liệu, bài giảng, pháp thoại từ các Thiền Sư, các Bậc Trưởng Lão, Bậc Thiện Trí.

Trả lời

Từ điển
Youtube
Live Stream
Tải app