19. Kāyagatāsativaggavaṇṇanā

563.Cetasāphuṭoti cittena pharito. Cittena pharaṇañca samuddassa dvidhā sambhavatīti āha – ‘‘duvidhaṃ pharaṇa’’ntiādi. Purimena atthenāti ‘‘sampayogavasena vijjaṃ bhajantī’’ti vuttena atthena. Pacchimenāti ‘‘vijjābhāge vijjākoṭṭhāse vattantī’’ti vuttena.

564.Mahato saṃvegāya saṃvattatītiādīsu ayaṃ pana aparo nayo. Yāthāvato kāyasabhāvappavedanato mahato saṃvegāya saṃvattati. Atthāyāti diṭṭhadhammikādiatthāya. Yogakkhemāyāti catūhi yogehi khemabhāvāya. Satisampajaññāyāti sabbattha satiavippavāsāya sattaṭṭhāniyasampajaññāya ca. Ñāṇadassanappaṭilābhāyāti vipassanāñāṇādhigamāya. Vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāyāti tisso vijjā cittassa adhimutti nibbānaṃ cattāri sāmaññaphalānīti etesaṃ paccakkhakaraṇāya.

584.Paññāpaṭilābhāyātiādīsu soḷasasu padesu paññāpaṭilābhāya paññāvuddhiyā paññāvepullāya paññābāhullāyāti imāni cattāri paññāvasena bhāvavacanāni, sesāni dvādasa puggalavasena bhāvavacanāni. Sappurisasaṃsevoti sappurisānaṃ bhajanaṃ. Saddhammassavananti tesaṃ sappurisānaṃ santike sīlādippaṭipattidīpakassa saddhammavacanassa savanaṃ. Yoniso manasikāroti sutānaṃ dhammānaṃ atthūpaparikkhāvasena upāyena manasikāro. Dhammānudhammappaṭipattīti lokuttaradhamme anugatassa sīlādippaṭipadādhammassa paṭipajjanaṃ.

Channaṃ abhiññāñāṇānanti iddhividhadibbasotacetopariyapubbenivāsadibbacakkhuāsavakkhayañāṇānaṃ. Tesattatīnaṃ ñāṇānanti paṭisambhidāpāḷiyaṃ (paṭi. ma. 1.1-2 mātikā) ‘‘sotāvadhāne paññā sutamaye ñāṇaṃ, sutvāna saṃvare paññā sīlamaye ñāṇa’’ntiādinā ñāṇakathāya niddiṭṭhānaṃ sāvakasādhāraṇāsādhāraṇānaṃ ñāṇānaṃ. Imesañhi tesattatiñāṇānaṃ sutamayañāṇādīni sattasaṭṭhiñāṇāni sāvakassa sādhāraṇāni, ‘‘indriyaparopariyatte ñāṇaṃ, sattānaṃ āsayānusaye ñāṇaṃ, yamakapāṭihīre ñāṇaṃ, mahākaruṇāsamāpattiyā ñāṇaṃ, sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ, anāvaraṇañāṇa’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.68-73 mātikā) imāni cha asādhāraṇañāṇāni sāvakehi.

Sattasattatīnaṃñāṇānanti ettha –

‘‘Jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ, asati jātiyā natthi jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ. Atītampi addhānaṃ jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ, asati jātiyā natthi jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ. Anāgatampi addhānaṃ jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ, asati jātiyā natthi jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ. Yampissa taṃ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ, tampi khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhammanti ñāṇaṃ. Bhavapaccayā jātīti ñāṇaṃ…pe… upādānapaccayā bhavoti ñāṇaṃ, taṇhāpaccayā upādānanti ñāṇaṃ, vedanāpaccayā taṇhāti ñāṇaṃ, phassapaccayā vedanāti ñāṇaṃ, saḷāyatanapaccayā phassoti ñāṇaṃ, nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatananti ñāṇaṃ, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpanti ñāṇaṃ, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇanti ñāṇaṃ, avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ, asati avijjāya natthi saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ, atītampi addhānaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ, asati avijjāya natthi saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ, anāgatampi addhānaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ, asati avijjāya natthi saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ, yampissa taṃ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ, tampi khayadhamaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhammanti ñāṇa’’nti –

Bhagavatā nidānavagge (saṃ. ni. 2.34-35) jarāmaraṇādīsu ekādasasu paṭiccasamuppādaṅgesu paccekaṃ satta satta katvā vuttāni sattasattatiñāṇāni.

Tattha dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇanti paccayākārañāṇaṃ. Paccayākāro hi dhammānaṃ pavattisaṅkhātāya ṭhitiyā kāraṇattā ‘‘dhammaṭṭhitī’’ti vuccati, tattha ñāṇaṃ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ, ‘‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’ntiādinā vuttasseva chabbidhassa ñāṇassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Khayadhammanti khayagamanasabhāvaṃ. Vayadhammanti vayagamanasabhāvaṃ. Virāgadhammanti virajjanasabhāvaṃ. Nirodhadhammanti nirujjhanasabhāvanti attho.

Lābhotiādīsu lābhoyeva upasaggena visesetvā ‘‘paṭilābho’’ti vutto. Puna tasseva atthavivaraṇavasena ‘‘patti sampattī’’ti vuttaṃ. Phusanāti adhigamanavasena phusanā. Sacchikiriyāti paṭilābhasacchikiriyā. Upasampadāti nipphādanā.

Sattannañcasekkhānanti tisso sikkhā sikkhantīti sekkhasaññitānaṃ sotāpattimaggaṭṭhādīnaṃ sattannaṃ. Puthujjanakalyāṇakassa cāti nibbānagāminiyā paṭipadāya yuttattā sundaraṭṭhena kalyāṇasaññitassa puthujjanassa. Vaḍḍhitaṃ vaḍḍhanaṃ ekāyāti vaḍḍhitavaḍḍhanā. Yathāvuttānaṃ aṭṭhannampi paññānaṃ vasena visesatova arahato paññāvasena paññāvuddhiyā. Tathā paññāvepullāya.

Yassa kassacipi visesato anurūpadhammassa mahantaṃ nāma kiccasiddhiyā veditabbanti tadassa kiccasiddhiyā dassento ‘‘mahante atthe pariggaṇhātī’’tiādimāha. Tattha atthādīnaṃ mahantabhāvo mahāvisayatāya veditabbo, mahāvisayatā ca tesaṃ paṭisambhidāmagge āgatanayena veditabbā. Sīlakkhandhassa pana hetumahantatāya, paccayamahantatāya, nissayamahantatāya , pabhedamahantatāya, kiccamahantatāya, phalamahantatāya, ānisaṃsamahantatāya ca mahantabhāvo veditabbo. Tattha hetu alobhādayo. Paccayo hirottappasaddhāsativīriyādayo. Nissayo sāvakabodhipaccekabodhiniyatatā taṃsamaṅgino ca purisavisesā. Pabhedo cārittavārittādivibhāgo. Kiccaṃ tadaṅgādivasena paṭipakkhavidhamanaṃ. Phalaṃ saggasampadā nibbānasampadā ca. Ānisaṃso piyamanāpatādi. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 1.9) ākaṅkheyyasuttādīsu (ma. ni. 1.64 ādayo) ca āgatanayena veditabbo. Iminā nayena samādhikkhandhādīnampi mahantatā yathārahaṃ niddhāretvā vattabbā. Ṭhānāṭṭhānādīnaṃ mahantabhāvo pana mahāvisayatāya veditabbo. Tattha ṭhānāṭṭhānānaṃ mahāvisayatā bahudhātukasuttādīsu āgatanayena veditabbā.

Vihārasamāpattīnaṃ mahāvisayatā samādhikkhandhe mahāvisayatāniddhāraṇanayena veditabbā, ariyasaccānaṃ sakalayānasaṅgāhakato saccavibhaṅge (vibha. 189 ādayo) taṃsaṃvaṇṇanāsu (vibha. aṭṭha. 189 ādayo) ca āgatanayena, satipaṭṭhānādīnaṃ satipaṭṭhānavibhaṅgādīsu (vibha. 355 ādayo) taṃsaṃvaṇṇanādīsu (vibha. aṭṭha. 355 ādayo) ca āgatanayena, sāmaññaphalānaṃ mahato hitassa mahato sukhassa mahato atthassa mahato yogakkhemassa nipphattibhāvato santapaṇītaatakkāvacarapaṇḍitavedanīyabhāvato, abhiññānaṃ mahāsambhārato mahāvisayato mahākiccato mahānubhāvato mahānipphattito, nibbānassa madanimmadanādimahatthasiddhito ca mahantabhāvo veditabbo. Pariggaṇhātīti sabhāvādito paricchijja gaṇhāti jānāti, paṭivijjhatīti attho.

Puthupaññāti etthāpi vuttanayānusārena attho veditabbo. Ayaṃ pana viseso – puthu nānākkhandhesu ñāṇaṃ pavattatīti ‘‘ayaṃ rūpakkhandho nāma…pe… ayaṃ viññāṇakkhandho nāmā’’ti evaṃ pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ paṭicca ñāṇaṃ pavattati. Tesupi ekavidhena rūpakkhandho…pe… ekādasavidhena rūpakkhandho. Ekavidhena vedanākkhandho…pe… bahuvidhena vedanākkhandho. Ekavidhena saññākkhandho…pe… bahuvidhena saññākkhandho. Ekavidhena saṅkhārakkhandho…pe… bahuvidhena saṅkhārakkhandho. Ekavidhena viññāṇakkhandho…pe… bahuvidhena viññāṇakkhandhoti evaṃ ekekassa khandhassa ekavidhādivasena atītādivasenapi nānākaraṇaṃ paṭicca ñāṇaṃ pavattati.

Puthu nānādhātūsūti ‘‘ayaṃ cakkhudhātu nāma…pe… ayaṃ manoviññāṇadhātu nāma. Tattha soḷasa dhātuyo kāmāvacarā, dve cātubhūmikā’’ti evaṃ dhātūsu nānākaraṇaṃ paṭicca ñāṇaṃ pavattati. Tayidaṃ upādinnadhātuvasena vuttaṃ. Paccekabuddhānañhi dvinnañca aggasāvakānaṃ upādinnadhātūsu eva nānākaraṇaṃ paṭicca ñāṇaṃ pavattati, tañca kho ekadesatova, na nippadesato. Bahiddhā anupādinnadhātūnaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ tesaṃ avisayova, sabbaññubuddhānaṃyeva pana ‘‘imāya dhātuyā ussannattā imassa rukkhassa khandho seto hoti, imassa kāḷo, imassa maṭṭho, imassa kharo, imassa bahalataco, imassa sukkhataco. Imassa pattaṃ vaṇṇasaṇṭhānādivasena evarūpaṃ. Imassa pupphaṃ nīlaṃ, pītaṃ, lohitaṃ, odātaṃ, sugandhaṃ, duggandhaṃ, missakagandhaṃ. Phalaṃ khuddakaṃ, mahantaṃ, dīghaṃ, vaṭṭaṃ, suvaṇṇaṃ, dubbaṇṇaṃ, maṭṭhaṃ, pharusaṃ, sugandhaṃ, duggandhaṃ, madhuraṃ, tittakaṃ, ambilaṃ, kaṭukaṃ, kasāvaṃ. Kaṇṭako tikhiṇo, atikhiṇo, ujuko, kuṭilo, tambo, nīlo, lohito, odāto’’tiādinā dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca ñāṇaṃ pavattati.

Puthu nānāāyatanesūti ‘‘idaṃ cakkhāyatanaṃ nāma…pe… idaṃ dhammāyatanaṃ nāma. Tattha dasāyatanā kāmāvacarā, dve cātubhūmakā’’ti evaṃ āyatananānattaṃ paṭicca ñāṇaṃ pavattati.

Puthu nānāpaṭiccasamuppādesūti ajjhattabahiddhābhedato santānabhedato ca nānappabhedesu paṭiccasamuppādaṅgesu. Avijjādiaṅgāni hi paccekaṃ paṭiccasamuppādasaññitāni. Tenāha – saṅkhārapiṭake ‘‘dvādasa paccayā dvādasa paṭiccasamuppādā’’ti (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 1.1.110).

Puthu nānāsuññatamanupalabbhesūti nānāsabhāvesu niccasārādivirahitesu suññasabhāvesu, tato eva itthipurisaattattaniyādivasena anupalabbhamānasabhāvesu. Ma-kāro hettha padasandhikaro.

Puthunānāatthesūti atthapaṭisambhidāvisayesu paccayuppannādinānāatthesu. Dhammesūti dhammapaṭisambhidāvisayesu paccayādinānādhammesu. Niruttīsūti tesaṃyeva atthadhammānaṃ niddhāraṇavacanasaṅkhātesu nānāniruttīsu. Puthu nānāpaṭibhānesūti atthapaṭisambhidādivisayesu imāni ñāṇāni idamatthajotakānīti tathā tathā paṭibhānato upatiṭṭhanato paṭibhānānīti laddhanāmesu nānāñāṇesu.

Puthu nānāsīlakkhandhesūtiādīsu sīlassa puthuttaṃ nānattañca vuttameva, itaresaṃ pana vuttanayānusārena suviññeyyattā pākaṭameva. Yaṃ pana abhinnaṃ ekameva nibbānaṃ, tattha upacāravasena puthuttaṃ gahetabbanti āha – ‘‘puthu nānājanasādhāraṇe dhamme samatikkammā’’ti. Tenassa madanimmadanādipariyāyena puthuttaṃ paridīpitaṃ hoti.

Vipule attheti mahante atthe. Mahantapariyāyo hi vipulasaddo. Gambhīresūti sasādīhi viya mahāsamuddo anupacitañāṇasambhārehi alabbhaneyyappatiṭṭhesu khandhesu ñāṇaṃ pavattatīti visayassa gambhīratāya ñāṇassa gambhīratā vibhāvitā.

Tikkhavisadabhāvādiguṇehi asādhāraṇattā paresaṃ paññāya na sāmantā, atha kho suvidūravidūreti asamantapaññā ākārassa rassattaṃ katvā. Keci ‘‘asamatthapaññā’’ti paṭhanti, tesaṃ yathāvuttaguṇehi aññehi asādhāraṇattā natthi etissā kāyaci samatthanti asamatthā paññāti yojanā. Atthavavatthānatoti atthappabhedassa yāthāvato sanniṭṭhānato. Na añño koci sakkoti abhisambhavitunti ñāṇagatiyā sampāpuṇituṃ na añño kocipi sakkoti, tasmā ayaṃ suvidūravidūreti asamantapaññā. Idāni puggalantaravasena asamantapaññaṃ vibhāvetuṃ, ‘‘puthujjanakalyāṇakassā’’tiādi āraddhaṃ.

‘‘Paññāpabhedakusalo abhinnañāṇo adhigatappaṭisambhido catuvesārajjappatto dasabaladhārī purisāsabho purisasīho purisanāgo purisājañño purisadhorayho anantañāṇo anantatejo anantayaso aḍḍho mahaddhano balavā netā vinetā anunetā paññāpetā vinijjhāpetā pekkhatā pasādetā. So hi bhagavā anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā, asañjātassa maggassa sañjanetā, anakkhātassa maggassa akkhātā, maggaññū maggavidū maggakovido. Maggānugāmī ca pana etarahi sāvakā viharanti pacchā samannāgatā.

‘‘So hi bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passati, cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī tathāgato, natthi tassa bhagavato aññātaṃ adiṭṭhaṃ aviditaṃ asacchikataṃ aphassitaṃ paññāya. Atītaṃ anāgataṃ paccuppannaṃ upādāya sabbe dhammā sabbākārena buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇamukhe āpāthaṃ āgacchanti, yaṃ kiñci neyyaṃ nāma atthi taṃ sabbaṃ jānitabbaṃ, attattho vā parattho vā ubhayattho vā diṭṭhadhammiko vā attho samparāyiko vā attho uttāno vā attho gambhīro vā attho gūḷho vā attho paṭicchanno vā attho neyyo vā attho nīto vā attho anavajjo vā attho nikkileso vā attho vodāno vā attho paramattho vā attho, sabbaṃ taṃ antobuddhañāṇe parivattati.

‘‘Sabbaṃ kāyakammaṃ buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇānuparivatti, sabbaṃ vacīkammaṃ buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇānuparivatti, sabbaṃ manokammaṃ buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇānuparivatti. Atīte buddhassa bhagavato appaṭihataṃ ñāṇaṃ, anāgate buddhassa bhagavato appaṭihataṃ ñāṇaṃ, paccuppanne buddhassa bhagavato appaṭihataṃ ñāṇaṃ, yāvatakaṃ neyyaṃ, tāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Yāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ, tāvatakaṃ neyyaṃ. Neyyapariyantikaṃ ñāṇaṃ, ñāṇapariyantikaṃ neyyaṃ, neyyaṃ atikkamitvā ñāṇaṃ nappavattati, ñāṇaṃ atikkamitvā neyyapatho natthi, aññamaññapariyantaṭṭhāyino te dhammā, yathā dvinnaṃ samuggapaṭalānaṃ sammā phusitānaṃ heṭṭhimaṃ samuggapaṭalaṃ uparimaṃ nātivattati, uparimaṃ samuggapaṭalaṃ heṭṭhimaṃ nātivattati, aññamaññapariyantaṭṭhāyino, evamevaṃ buddhassa bhagavato neyyañca ñāṇañca aññamaññapariyantaṭṭhāyino. Yāvatakaṃ neyyaṃ, tāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Yāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ, tāvatakaṃ neyyaṃ, neyyapariyantikaṃ ñāṇaṃ, ñāṇapariyantikaṃ neyyaṃ, neyyaṃ atikkamitvā ñāṇaṃ nappavattati, ñāṇaṃ atikkamitvā neyyapatho natthi. Aññamaññapariyantaṭṭhāyino te dhammā. Sabbadhammesu buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇaṃ pavattati.

‘‘Sabbe dhammā buddhassa bhagavato āvajjanappaṭibaddhā ākaṅkhappaṭibaddhā manasikārappaṭibaddhā cittuppādappaṭibaddhā, sabbasattesu buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇaṃ pavattati. Sabbesaṃ sattānaṃ buddho āsayaṃ jānāti, anusayaṃ jānāti, caritaṃ jānāti, adhimuttiṃ jānāti, apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye bhabbā sabbe satte pajānāti, sadevako loko samārako sabrahmako sassamaṇabrāhmaṇī pajā sadevamanussā antobuddhañāṇe parivattati.

‘‘Yathā ye keci macchakacchapā antamaso timitimiṅgalaṃ upādāya antomahāsamudde parivattanti, evameva sadevako loko samārako sabrahmako sassamaṇabrāhmaṇī pajā sadevamanussā antobuddhañāṇe parivattati. Yathā ye keci pakkhino antamaso garuḷaṃ venateyyaṃ upādāya ākāsassa padese parivattanti, evameva yepi te sāriputtasamā paññāya, tepi buddhañāṇassa padese parivattanti, buddhañāṇaṃ devamanussānaṃ paññaṃ pharitvā atighaṃsitvā tiṭṭhati. Yepi te khattiyapaṇḍitā brāhmaṇapaṇḍitā gahapatipaṇḍitā samaṇapaṇḍitā nipuṇā kataparappavādā vālavedhirūpā, vobhindantā maññe caranti paññāgatena diṭṭhigatāni, te te pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā abhisaṅkharitvā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 3.5) –

Ādinā niddiṭṭhapāḷiṃ peyyālamukhena saṃkhipitvā dassento ‘‘paññāpabhedakusalo pabhinnañāṇo…pe… te pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā abhisaṅkharitvā’’tiādimāha.

Tattha pabhinnañāṇoti atthādīsu pabhedagatañāṇo. ‘‘Pabhedañāṇo’’tipi paṭhanti, soyeva attho. Te pañhanti te te attanā adhippetaṃ pañhaṃ. Niddiṭṭhakāraṇāti vissajjitakāraṇā. Upakkhittakāti bhagavato paññāveyyattiyena samīpe khittakā antevāsikā sampajjanti.

Bhavati abhibhavatīti bhūri. Kiṃ? Rāgādiṃ. Upasagge satipi tadeva padaṃ tamatthaṃ vadatīti upasaggena vināpi so attho viññeyyo anekatthattā dhātūnanti vuttaṃ – ‘‘abhibhuyyatī’’ti. Kārakabyattayena cetaṃ vuttaṃ, tasmā rāgaṃ abhibhuyyatīti sā sā maggapaññā attanā attanā vajjhaṃ rāgaṃ abhibhuyyati abhibhavati, madatīti attho. Abhibhavatīti sā sā phalapaññā taṃ taṃ rāgaṃ bhavi abhibhavi maddīti bhūripaññā. ‘‘Abhibhavitā’’ti vā pāṭho, ‘‘abhibhavitvā’’tipi paṭhanti. Abhibhavitvāti ca kiriyāya siddhabhāvadassanaṃ. Paññā ce siddhā, rāgābhibhavo ca siddho evāti. Sesesupi eseva nayo.

Rāgādīsu pana rajjanalakkhaṇo rāgo. Dussanalakkhaṇo doso. Muyhanalakkhaṇo moho. Kujjhanalakkhaṇo kodho, upanandhanalakkhaṇo upanāho. Pubbakālaṃ kodho, aparakālaṃ upanāho. Paraguṇamakkhanalakkhaṇo makkho, yugaggāhalakkhaṇo palāso. Parasampattikhīyanalakkhaṇā issā, attano sampattiniggūhanalakkhaṇaṃ macchariyaṃ. Attanā katapāpappaṭicchādanalakkhaṇā māyā, attano avijjamānaguṇappakāsanalakkhaṇaṃ sāṭheyyaṃ. Cittassa uddhumātabhāvalakkhaṇo thambho, karaṇuttariyalakkhaṇo sārambho. Unnatilakkhaṇo māno, abbhunnatilakkhaṇo atimāno. Mattabhāvalakkhaṇo mado, pañcakāmaguṇesu cittavossaggalakkhaṇo pamādo. Bhavati abhibhavati arinti bhūri asarūpato parassa akārassa lopaṃ katvā. Tenāha – ‘‘ariṃ maddanipaññāti bhūripaññā’’ti. Bhavati ettha thāvarajaṅgamanti bhūri vuccati pathavī yathā ‘‘bhūmī’’ti bhūri viyāti bhūripaññā vitthatavipulaṭṭhena sabbaṃ sahatāya ca. Tenāha – ‘‘tāyā’’tiādi. Tattha pathavisamāyāti vitthatavipulaṭṭheneva pathavisamāya. Vitthatāyāti pajānitabbe visaye vitthatāya, na ekadese vattamānāya. Vipulāyāti uḷārabhūtāya. Samannāgatoti puggalo. Iti-saddo kāraṇatthe, iminā kāraṇena puggalassa bhūripaññāya samannāgatattā tassa paññā bhūripaññā nāmāti attho. ‘‘Bhūripaññassa paññā bhūripaññapaññā’’ti vattabbe ekassa paññāsaddassa lopaṃ katvā ‘‘bhūripaññā’’ti vuttaṃ.

Apicāti paññāpariyāyadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Paññāyametanti paññāya etaṃ. Adhivacananti adhikaṃ vacanaṃ. Bhūrīti bhūte atthe khandhādike ramati saccasabhāvena, diṭṭhi viya na abhūteti bhūri. Medhāti asani viya siluccaye kilese medhati hiṃsatīti medhā, khippaṃ gahaṇadhāraṇaṭṭhena vā medhā. Pariṇāyikāti yassuppajjati, taṃ sattaṃ attahitappaṭipattiyaṃ sampayuttadhamme ca yāthāvalakkhaṇappaṭivedhe pariṇetīti pariṇāyikā. Imeheva aññānipi paññāpariyāyavacanāni honti.

Paññābāhullanti paññā bahulā assāti paññābahulo, tassa bhāvo paññābāhullaṃ. Tañca paññāya bāhullaṃ pavatti evāti tamatthaṃ paññāgarukassa puggalassa vasena dassento, ‘‘idhekacco paññāgaruko hotī’’tiādimāha. Tattha idhekaccoti puthujjanakalyāṇako, ariyo vā. Paññā garu ekassāti paññāgaruko. Paññāya carito pavattito paññācarito, paññāya caritaṃ pavattaṃ assāti vā paññācarito. Anulomikakhantiādivibhāgā paññā āsayo etassāti paññāsayo. Paññāya adhimutto tanninnoti paññādhimutto. Samussitaṭṭhena paññā dhajo etassāti paññādhajo. Paññāketūti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Paññānimittaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ etassāti paññādhipateyyo. Paññāsaṅkhāto vicayo, dhammasabhāvavicinanaṃ vā bahulaṃ etassāti vicayabahulo. Nānappakārena dhammasabhāvavicinanaṃ bahulaṃ assāti pavicayabahulo. Okkhāyanaṃ yāthāvato dhammānaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ bahulaṃ etassāti okkhāyanabahulo. Paññāya tassa tassa dhammassa sammāpekkhanā sampekkhā, sampekkhāya ayanaṃ pavattanaṃ sampekkhāyanaṃ, sampekkhāyanaṃ dhammo pakati assāti sampekkhāyanadhammo. Sampekkhāyanaṃ vā yāthāvato dassanadhammo sabhāvo etassāti sampekkhāyanadhammo. Sabbaṃ dhammajātaṃ vibhūtaṃ vibhāvitaṃ katvā viharaṇasīloti vibhūtavihārī.

Taccaritotiādīsu taṃ-saddena paññā paccāmaṭṭhā, tasmā tattha ‘‘paññācarito’’tiādinā attho veditabbo. Sā paññā caritā garukā bahulā assāti taccarito taggaruko tabbahulo. Tassaṃ paññāyaṃ ninno poṇo pabbhāro adhimuttoti tanninno tappoṇo tappabbhāro tadadhimutto. Sā paññā adhipati tadadhipati, tadadhipatito āgato tadādhipateyyo. Paññāgarukotiādīni ‘‘kāmaṃ sevantaṃyeva jānāti, ayaṃ puggalo nekkhammagaruko’’tiādīsu (paṭi. ma. 1.114) viya purimajātito pabhuti vuttāni. Taccaritotiādīni imissā jātiyā vuttāni. Idāni vuttamevatthaṃ nidassanavasenapi dassetuṃ – ‘‘yathā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Evamevantiādīni dassitabbanigamanaṃ.

Sīghapaññāti attano visaye sīghappavattikā paññā, yā samāraddhā attano paññākiccaṃ adandhāyantī avitthāyantī khippameva sampāpeti. Tenāha – ‘‘sīghaṃ sīghaṃ sīlāni paripūretī’’tiādi. Tattha sīghaṃ sīghanti bahūnaṃ sīlādīnaṃ saṅgahatthaṃ dvikkhattuṃ vuttaṃ. Sīlānīti cārittavārittavasena paññattāni pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlāni, ṭhapetvā vā indriyasaṃvaraṃ tassa visuṃ gahitattā itarāni tividhasīlāni. Indriyasaṃvaranti cakkhādīnaṃ channaṃ indriyānaṃ rāgappaṭighappavesaṃ akatvā satikavāṭena nivāraṇaṃ thakanaṃ. Bhojane mattaññutanti paccavekkhitaparibhogavasena bhojane pamāṇaññubhāvaṃ. Jāgariyānuyoganti divasassa tīsu koṭṭhāsesu rattiyā paṭhamamajjhimakoṭṭhāsesu ca jāgarati na niddāyati, samaṇadhammameva karotīti jāgaro, jāgarassa bhāvo, kammaṃ vā jāgariyaṃ, jāgariyassa anuyogo jāgariyānuyogo, taṃ jāgariyānuyogaṃ. Sīlakkhandhanti sekkhaṃ vā asekkhaṃ vā sīlakkhandhaṃ. Evamitarepi khandhā veditabbā. Paññākkhandhanti maggapaññā ca sekkhāsekkhānaṃ lokiyapaññā ca. Vimuttikkhandhanti phalavimutti. Vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhanti paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ. Sīghapaññāniddesasadisoyeva lahupaññāniddeso, tathā hāsapaññāniddeso. Javanapaññāniddeso pana kalāpasammasananayena pavatto. Tikkhapaññāniddeso vīriyassa ussukkāpanavasena, nibbedhikapaññāniddeso sabbaloke anabhiratasaññāvasena pavatto. Tattha turitakiriyā sīghatā. Adandhatā lahutā. Vegāyitattaṃ khippatā.

Hāsabahuloti pītibahulo. Sesapadāni tasseva vevacanāni. Atha vā hāsabahuloti mūlapadaṃ. Vedabahuloti tassā eva pītiyā sampayuttasomanassavedanāvasena niddesapadaṃ. Tuṭṭhibahuloti nātibalavapītiyā tuṭṭhākāravasena. Pāmojjabahuloti balavapītiyā pamuditabhāvavasena. Sīlāni paripūretīti haṭṭhappahaṭṭho udaggūdaggo sampiyāyamāno sīlāni sampādeti. Pītisomanassasahagatā hi paññā abhirativasena ārammaṇe phullitā vikasitā viya pavattati, na evaṃ upekkhāsahagatāti.

Aniccato khippaṃ javatīti ‘‘khandhapañcakaṃ anicca’’nti vegāyitena pavattati, paṭipakkhadūrībhāvena pubbābhisaṅkhārassa sātisayattā indena vissaṭṭhavajiraṃ viya lakkhaṇaṃ avirajjhantī adandhāyantī aniccalakkhaṇaṃ vegasā paṭivijjhati, tasmā sā javanapaññā nāmāti attho. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Evaṃ lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanāvasena javanapaññaṃ dassetvā balavavipassanāvasena dassetuṃ – ‘‘rūpa’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha khayaṭṭhenāti yattha yattha uppajjati, tattha tattheva bhijjanato khayasabhāvattā. Bhayaṭṭhenāti bhayānakabhāvato. Asārakaṭṭhenāti attasāravirahato niccasārādivirahato ca. Tulayitvāti tulābhūtāya vipassanāpaññāya tuletvā. Tīrayitvāti tāya eva tīraṇabhūtāya tīretvā. Vibhāvayitvāti yāthāvato pakāsetvā pākaṭaṃ katvā. Atha vā tulayitvāti kalāpasammasanavasena tulayitvā. Tīrayitvāti udayabbayānupassanāvasena tīretvā. Vibhāvayitvāti bhaṅgānupassanādivasena pākaṭaṃ katvā. Vibhūtaṃ katvāti saṅkhārupekkhānulomavasena phuṭaṃ katvā. Rūpanirodheti rūpakkhandhassa nirodhabhūte nibbāne. Khippaṃ javatīti ninnapoṇapabbhāravasena javati pavattati. Idāni sikhāppattavipassanāvasena javanapaññaṃ dassetuṃ, puna ‘‘rūpa’’ntiādi vuttaṃ.

Ñāṇassa tikkhabhāvo nāma savisesaṃ paṭipakkhasamucchindanena veditabboti ‘‘khippaṃ kilese chindatīti tikkhapaññā’’ti vatvā te pana kilese vibhāgena dassento, ‘‘uppannaṃ kāmavitakka’’ntiādimāha. Samathavipassanāhi vikkhambhanatadaṅgavasena pahīnampi ariyamaggena asamūhatattā uppattidhammataṃ anatītatāya asamūhatuppannanti vuccati, taṃ idha ‘‘uppanna’’nti adhippetaṃ. Nādhivāsetīti santānaṃ āropetvā na vāseti. Pajahatīti samucchedavasena pajahati. Vinodetīti khipati. Byantiṃ karotīti vigatantaṃ karoti. Anabhāvaṃ gametīti anu abhāvaṃ gameti, vipassanākkamena ariyamaggaṃ patvā samucchedavaseneva abhāvaṃ gamayatīti attho. Ettha ca kāmappaṭisaṃyutto vitakko kāmavitakko. ‘‘Ime sattā marantū’’ti paresaṃ maraṇappaṭisaṃyutto vitakko byāpādavitakko. ‘‘Ime sattā vihiṃsiyantū’’ti paresaṃ vihiṃsāpaṭisaṃyutto vitakko vihiṃsāvitakko. Pāpaketi lāmake. Akusale dhammeti akosallasambhūte dhamme. Tikkhapañño nāma khippābhiñño hoti, paṭipadā cassa na calatīti āha – ‘‘ekamhi āsane cattāro ariyamaggā’’tiādi.

‘‘Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā khayadhammā vayadhammā virāgadhammā nirodhadhammā’’ti yāthāvato dassanena saccappaṭivedho ijjhati, na aññathāti kāraṇamukhena nibbedhikapaññaṃ dassetuṃ – ‘‘sabbasaṅkhāresu ubbegabahulo hotī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha ubbegabahuloti ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā’’tiādinā (dha. pa. 277) nayena sabbasaṅkhāresu abhiṇhappavattasaṃvego. Uttāsabahuloti ñāṇabhayavasena sabbasaṅkhāresu bahuso utrastamānaso. Tena ādīnavānupassanamāha. Ukkaṇṭhanabahuloti saṅkhārato uddhaṃ visaṅkhārābhimukhatāya ukkaṇṭhanabahulo. Iminā nibbidānupassanamāha. Aratibahulotiādinā tassā eva aparāparūpapattiṃ. Bahimukhoti sabbasaṅkhārato bahibhūtaṃ nibbānaṃ uddissa pavattañāṇamukho. Tathā pavattitavimokkhamukho. Nibbijjhanaṃ paṭivijjhanaṃ nibbedho, so etissā atthīti nibbedhikā, nibbijjhatīti vā nibbedhikā, sā eva paññā nibbedhikapaññā. Anibbiddhapubbanti anamatagge saṃsāre antaṃ pāpetvā anividdhapubbaṃ. Appadālitapubbanti tasseva atthavacanaṃ, antakaraṇeneva appadālitapubbanti attho. Lobhakkhandhanti lobharāsiṃ, lobhakoṭṭhāsaṃ vā.

Kāyagatāsativaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

* Source Tipitaka.org - Based on the Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana CD published by the Vipassana Research Institute

Dhamma Paññā

BQT trang Theravāda cố gắng sưu tầm thông tin tài liệu Dhamma trợ duyên quý độc giả tìm hiểu về Dhamma - Giáo Pháp Bậc Giác Ngộ thuyết giảng suốt 45 năm sau khi Ngài chứng đắc trở thành Đức Phật Chánh Đẳng Chánh Giác vào đêm Rằm tháng 4, tìm hiểu thêm phương pháp thực hành thiền Anapana, thiền Vipassana qua các tài liệu, bài giảng, pháp thoại từ các Thiền Sư, các Bậc Trưởng Lão, Bậc Thiện Trí.

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