5. Indriyavibhaṅgo
1. Abhidhammabhājanīyavaṇṇanā
219. Idāni tadanantare indriyavibhaṅge bāvīsatīti gaṇanaparicchedo. Indriyānīti paricchinnadhammanidassanaṃ. Idāni tāni sarūpato dassento cakkhundriyantiādimāha. Tattha cakkhudvāre indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti cakkhundriyaṃ. Sotaghānajivhākāyadvāre indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti kāyindriyaṃ. Vijānanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti manindriyaṃ. Itthibhāve indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti itthindriyaṃ. Purisabhāve indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti purisindriyaṃ. Anupālanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti jīvitindriyaṃ. Sukhalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti sukhindriyaṃ. Dukkhasomanassa domanassa upekkhālakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti upekkhindriyaṃ. Adhimokkhalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti saddhindriyaṃ. Paggahalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti vīriyindriyaṃ. Upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti satindriyaṃ. Avikkhepalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti samādhindriyaṃ. Dassanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti paññindriyaṃ. Anaññātaññassāmīti pavatte jānanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṃ. Ñātānaṃyeva dhammānaṃ puna ājānane indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti aññindriyaṃ. Aññātāvībhāve indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti aññātāvindriyaṃ.
Idha suttantabhājanīyaṃ nāma na gahitaṃ. Kasmā? Suttante imāya paṭipāṭiyā bāvīsatiyā indriyānaṃ anāgatattā. Suttantasmiñhi katthaci dve indriyāni kathitāni, katthaci tīṇi, katthaci pañca. Evaṃ pana nirantaraṃ dvāvīsati āgatāni nāma natthi. Ayaṃ tāvettha aṭṭhakathānayo. Ayaṃ pana aparo nayo – etesu hi
Atthato lakkhaṇādīhi, kamato ca vijāniyā;
Bhedābhedā tathā kiccā, bhūmito ca vinicchayaṃ.
Tattha cakkhādīnaṃ tāva ‘‘cakkhatīti cakkhū’’tiādinā nayena attho pakāsito. Pacchimesu pana tīsu paṭhamaṃ ‘pubbabhāge anaññātaṃ amataṃ padaṃ catusaccadhammaṃ vā jānissāmī’ti evaṃ paṭipannassa uppajjanato indriyaṭṭhasambhavato ca anaññātaññassāmītindriyanti vuttaṃ. Dutiyaṃ ājānanato ca indriyaṭṭhasambhavato ca aññindriyaṃ. Tatiyaṃ aññātāvino catūsu saccesu niṭṭhitañāṇakiccassa khīṇāsavasseva uppajjanato indriyaṭṭhasambhavato ca aññātāvindriyaṃ.
Ko panesa indriyaṭṭho nāmāti? Indaliṅgaṭṭho indriyaṭṭho, indadesitaṭṭho indriyaṭṭho, indadiṭṭhaṭṭho indriyaṭṭho, indasiṭṭhaṭṭho indriyaṭṭho, indajuṭṭhaṭṭho indriyaṭṭho. So sabbopi idha yathāyogaṃ yujjati. Bhagavā hi sammāsambuddho paramissariyabhāvato indo. Kusalākusalañca kammaṃ kammesu kassaci issariyābhāvato. Tenevettha kammasañjanitāni indriyāni kusalākusalakammaṃ ulliṅgenti. Tena ca siṭṭhānīti indaliṅgaṭṭhena indasiṭṭhaṭṭhena ca indriyāni. Sabbāneva panetāni bhagavatā yathābhūtato pakāsitāni ca abhisambuddhāni cāti indadesitaṭṭhena indadiṭṭhaṭṭhena ca indriyāni. Teneva bhagavatā munindena kānici gocarāsevanāya, kānici bhāvanāsevanāya sevitānīti indajuṭṭhaṭṭhenapi indriyāni. Apica ādhipaccasaṅkhātena issariyaṭṭhenāpi etāni indriyāni. Cakkhuviññāṇādippavattiyañhi cakkhādīnaṃ siddhamādhipaccaṃ; tasmiṃ tikkhe tikkhattā mande ca mandattāti. Ayaṃ tāvettha ‘atthato’ vinicchayo.
‘Lakkhaṇādīhī’ti lakkhaṇarasapaccupaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānehipi cakkhādīnaṃ vinicchayaṃ vijāniyāti attho. Tāni nesaṃ lakkhaṇādīni heṭṭhā vuttanayāneva. Paññindriyādīni hi cattāri atthato amohoyeva. Sesāni tattha sarūpenevāgatāni.
‘Kamato’ti ayampi desanākkamova. Tattha ajjhattadhammaṃ pariññāya ariyabhūmipaṭilābho hotīti attabhāvapariyāpannāni cakkhundriyādīni paṭhamaṃ desitāni. So panattabhāvo yaṃ dhammaṃ upādāya itthīti vā purisoti vā saṅkhaṃ gacchati, ayaṃ soti nidassanatthaṃ tato itthindriyaṃ purisindriyañca . So duvidhopi jīvitindriyapaṭibaddhavuttīti ñāpanatthaṃ tato jīvitindriyaṃ. Yāva tassa pavatti tāva etesaṃ vedayitānaṃ anivatti. Yaṃ kiñci vedayitaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ sukhadukkhanti ñāpanatthaṃ tato sukhindriyādīni. Taṃnirodhatthaṃ pana ete dhammā bhāvetabbāti paṭipattidassanatthaṃ tato saddhādīni. Imāya paṭipattiyā esa dhammo paṭhamaṃ attani pātubhavatīti paṭipattiyā amoghabhāvadassanatthaṃ tato anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṃ. Tasseva phalattā tato anantaraṃ bhāvetabbattā ca tato aññindriyaṃ. Ito paraṃ bhāvanāya imassa adhigamo, adhigate ca panimasmiṃ natthi kiñci uttari karaṇīyanti ñāpanatthaṃ ante paramassāsabhūtaṃ aññātāvindriyaṃ desitanti ayamettha kamo.
‘Bhedābhedā’ti jīvitindriyasseva cettha bhedo. Tañhi rūpajīvitindriyaṃ arūpajīvitindriyanti duvidhaṃ hoti. Sesānaṃ abhedoti evamettha bhedābhedato vinicchayaṃ vijāniyā.
‘Kiccā’ti kiṃ indriyānaṃ kiccanti ce? Cakkhundriyassa tāva ‘‘cakkhāyatanaṃ cakkhuviññāṇadhātuyā taṃsampayuttakānañca dhammānaṃ indriyapaccayena paccayo’’ti vacanato yaṃ taṃ indriyapaccayabhāvena sādhetabbaṃ attano tikkhamandādibhāvena cakkhuviññāṇādidhammānaṃ tikkhamandādisaṅkhātaṃ attākārānuvattāpanaṃ idaṃ ‘kiccaṃ’. Evaṃ sotaghānajivhākāyānaṃ. Manindriyassa pana sahajātadhammānaṃ attano vasavattāpanaṃ, jīvitindriyassa sahajātadhammānupālanaṃ, itthindriyapurisindriyānaṃ itthipurisanimittakuttākappākārānuvidhānaṃ, sukhadukkhasomanassadomanassindriyānaṃ sahajātadhamme abhibhavitvā yathāsakaṃ oḷārikākārānupāpanaṃ, upekkhindriyassa santapaṇītamajjhattākārānupāpanaṃ, saddhādīnaṃ paṭipakkhābhibhavanaṃ sampayuttadhammānañca pasannākārādibhāvasampāpanaṃ, anaññātaññassāmītindriyassa saṃyojanattayappahānañceva sampayuttakānañca tappahānābhimukhabhāvakaraṇaṃ, aññindriyassa kāmarāgabyāpādāditanukaraṇapahānañceva sahajātānañca attano vasānuvattāpanaṃ, aññātāvindriyassa sabbakiccesu ussukkappahānañceva amatābhimukhabhāvapaccayatā ca sampayuttānanti evamettha kiccato vinicchayaṃ vijāniyā.
‘Bhūmito’ti cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyaitthipurisasukhadukkhadomanassindriyāni cettha kāmāvacarāneva . Manindriyajīvitindriyaupekkhindriyāni, saddhāvīriyasatisamādhipaññindriyāni ca catubhūmipariyāpannāni. Somanassindriyaṃ kāmāvacara-rūpāvacara-lokuttaravasena bhūmittayapariyāpannaṃ. Avasāne tīṇi lokuttarānevāti evaṃ bhūmito vinicchayaṃ vijāniyā. Evañhi vijānanto –
Saṃvegabahulo bhikkhu, ṭhito indriyasaṃvare;
Indriyāni pariññāya, dukkhassantaṃ nigacchatīti.
220. Niddesavāre ‘‘yaṃ cakkhu catunnaṃ mahābhūtāna’’ntiādi sabbaṃ dhammasaṅgaṇiyaṃ padabhājane (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 595 ādayo) vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Vīriyindriyasamādhindriyaniddesādīsu ca sammāvāyāmo micchāvāyāmo sammāsamādhi micchāsamādhītiādīni na vuttāni. Kasmā? Sabbasaṅgāhakattā. Sabbasaṅgāhakāni hi idha indriyāni kathitāni. Evaṃ santepettha dasa indriyāni lokiyāni kāmāvacarāneva, tīṇi lokuttarāni, nava lokiyalokuttaramissakānīti.
Abhidhammabhājanīyavaṇṇanā.
2. Pañhāpucchakavaṇṇanā
221. Pañhāpucchake sabbesampi indriyānaṃ kusalādivibhāgo pāḷinayānusāreneva veditabbo.
223. Ārammaṇattikesu pana sattindriyā anārammaṇāti cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyaitthipurisindriyāni sandhāya vuttaṃ. Jīvitindriyaṃ pana arūpamissakattā idha anābhaṭṭhaṃ. Dvindriyāti dve indriyā; sukhadukkhadvayaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Tañhi ekantaparittārammaṇaṃ. Domanassindriyaṃ siyā parittārammaṇaṃ, siyā mahaggatārammaṇanti kāmāvacaradhamme ārabbha pavattikāle parittārammaṇaṃ hoti , rūpāvacarārūpāvacare pana ārabbha pavattikāle mahaggatārammaṇaṃ, paṇṇattiṃ ārabbha pavattikāle navattabbārammaṇaṃ. Navindriyā siyā parittārammaṇāti manindriyajīvitindriyasomanassindriyaupekkhindriyāni ceva saddhādipañcakañca sandhāya idaṃ vuttaṃ. Jīvitindriyañhi rūpamissakattā anārammaṇesu rūpadhammesu saṅgahitampi arūpakoṭṭhāsena siyāpakkhe saṅgahitaṃ.
Cattāri indriyānīti sukhadukkhadomanassaaññātāvindriyāni. Tāni hi maggārammaṇattike na bhajanti. Maggahetukanti sahajātahetuṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Vīriyavīmaṃsājeṭṭhakakāle siyā maggādhipati, chandacittajeṭṭhakakāle siyā navattabbā.
Dasindriyāsiyā uppannā, siyā uppādinoti satta rūpindriyāni tīṇi ca vipākindriyāni sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Dasindriyāni domanassena saddhiṃ heṭṭhā vuttāneva. Tattha domanassindriyaṃ paṇṇattiṃ ārabbha pavattikāle navattabbārammaṇaṃ, sesāni nibbānapaccavekkhaṇakālepi. Tīṇindriyāni bahiddhārammaṇānīti tīṇi lokuttarindriyāni. Cattārīti sukhadukkhasomanassadomanassāni. Tāni hi ajjhattadhammepi bahiddhādhammepi ārabbha pavattanti. Aṭṭhindriyāti manindriyajīvitindriyaupekkhindriyāni ceva saddhādipañcakañca. Tattha ākiñcaññāyatanakāle navattabbārammaṇatā veditabbā.
Iti imasmimpi pañhāpucchake dasindriyāni kāmāvacarāni, tīṇi lokuttarāni, nava lokiyalokuttaramissakāneva kathitānīti. Ayampi abhidhammabhājanīyena saddhiṃ ekaparicchedova hoti. Ayaṃ pana indriyavibhaṅgo dveparivaṭṭaṃ nīharitvā bhājetvā dassitoti.
Sammohavinodaniyā vibhaṅgaṭṭhakathāya
Indriyavibhaṅgavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
TẢI MOBILE APP PHẬT GIÁO THERAVĀDA ĐỂ XEM THÊM NHIỀU THÔNG TIN HỮU ÍCH (ANDROID & IOS)
