3. Nibbānakaṇḍo
Idāni ‘‘saddhammasavanampi cāti imassa saṃvaṇṇanākkamo sampatto tattha saddhammasavanampi ca loke dullabhameva tathā hi saddhammo nāma tividho hoti. Pariyattisaddhammo, paṭipattisaddhammo, paṭivedhasaddhammoti. Tattha pariyattisaddhammo nāma tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ. Paṭipattisaddhammo nāma terasadhutaṅgāni asīti khandhakavattādayo abhisamācāravattādīni. Paṭivedhasaddhammo nāma catusaccappaṭivedho. Tesu pariyattisaddhammo dvinnaṃ saddhammānaṃ pubbaṅgamoyeva padaṭṭhānañca. Kasmā taṃmūlakattā tathā hi pariyattiyā asati paṭivedho nāma natthi. Pariyattiyā antarahitāya paṭipatti, paṭipattiyā antarahitāya adhigamo antaradhāyati. Kiṃ kāraṇā ayañhi pariyatti paṭipattiyā paccayo hoti. Paṭipattiadhigamassāpi pariyattiyeva pamāṇaṃ. Tattha paṭivedho ca paṭipatti ca hotipi nahotipi. Ekasmiñhi kāle paṭivedhadharā bhikkhū bahū honti, ‘‘esa bhikkhu puthujjano’’ti aṅguliṃ paharitvā dassetabbo hoti. Imasmiṃ yeva dīpe ekavāraṃ puthujjanabhikkhunāma nāhosi. Paṭipattipūrakāpi kadāci bahū honti kadāci appā. Iti paṭivedho ca paṭipatti ca hotipi na hotipi. Sāsanassa ṭhitiyā pana pariyattiyeva pamāṇaṃ paṇḍito hi tepiṭakaṃ sutvā dvepi pūreti, yathā amhākaṃ bodhisatto āḷārassa santike pañca abhiññā satta ca samāpattiyo nibbattetvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatana samāpattiyā parikammaṃ pucchi. So ‘‘na jānāmī’’ti āha. Tato udakassa santikaṃ gantvā adhigatavisesaṃ saṃsanditvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanassa parikammaṃ pucchi. So ācikkhi, tassa vacanasamanantarameva mahāsatto taṃ sampādesi evameva paññavā bhikkhu pariyattiṃ sutvā dvepi pūreti tasmā pariyattiyā ṭhitāya sāsanaṃ ṭhitaṃ hoti yathā mahātaḷākassa pāḷiyā thirāya udakaṃ na ṭhassatīti na vattabbaṃ udake sati padumādīni pupphāni na pupphissantīti na vattabbaṃ evameva mahātaḷākassa thirapāḷisadise tepiṭake buddhavacane sati mahātaḷāke udakasadisā paṭipattipūrakā kulaputtā natthīti na vattabbaṃ. Tesu sati mahātaḷākesu padumādīni pupphāni viya sotāpannādayo ariyapuggalā natthīti na vattabbaṃ, ekantato pariyattiyeva pamāṇaṃ pariyattiyā antarahitāya paṭipattipaṭivedhānaṃ antaradhānato. Tattha pariyattināma tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ sāṭṭhakathā pāḷiyāva sā tiṭṭhati, tāva pariyatti paripuṇṇā hoti. Gacchante kāle kaliyugarājāno adhammikā honti tesu adhammikesu rājāmaccādayo adhammikā honti tathā raṭṭhajanapadavāsinopi adhammikā etesaṃ adhammikatāya na devo sammā vassati, tato sassāni na sampajjanti. Tesu sampajjantesu paccayadāyakā bhikkhusaṅghassa paccaye dātuṃ na sakkonti. Bhikkhū paccayehi kilamantā antevāsike saṅgahetuṃ na sakkonti. Gacchante gacchante kāle pariyatti parihāyati, atthavasena dhāretuṃ na sakkonti, pāḷivaseneva dhārenti. Tato kāle gacchante pāḷimpi sakalaṃ dhāretuṃ na sakkonti paṭhamaṃ abhidhammapiṭakaṃ parihāyati. Parihāyamānaṃ matthakato paṭṭhāya pariyatti hāyati paṭhamañhi mahāpakaraṇaṃ parihāyati. Tasmiṃ parihāyamāne yamakaṃ, kathāvatthu, puggalapaññatti, dhātukathā, vibhaṅgo, dhammasaṅgahoti evaṃ abhidhammapiṭake parihīne matthakato paṭṭhāya suttantapiṭakaṃ parihāyati. Paṭhamañhi aṅguttaranikāyo parihāyati. Tasmimpi paṭhamaṃ ekādasanipāto…pe… tato ekanipātoti evaṃ aṅguttare parihīne matthakato paṭṭhāya saṃyuttanikāyo parihāyati, paṭhamaṃ mahāvaggo parihāyati. Tato paṭṭhāya saḷāyatanavaggo, khandhavaggo, nidānavaggo, sagāthāvaggoti evaṃ saṃyuttanikāye parihīne matthakato paṭṭhāya majjhimanikāyo parihāyati paṭhamañhi uparipaṇṇāsako parihāyati. Tato majjhimapaṇṇāsako, tato mūlapaṇṇāsakoti evaṃ majjhimanikāye parihīne matthakato paṭṭhāya dīghanikāyo parihāyati, paṭhamañhi pāthiyavaggo parihāyati tato mahāvaggo, tato khandhakavaggoti dīghanikāye parihīne suttantapiṭakaṃ parihīnaṃ nāma hoti. Vinayapiṭakena saddhiṃ jātakameva dhārenti. Vinayapiṭakaṃ lajjino dhārenti. Lābhakāmā pana suttante kathitepi sallakkhentā natthīti jātakameva dhārenti. Gacchante kāle jātakampi dhāretuṃ na sakkonti. Atha nesaṃ paṭhamaṃ vessantarajātakaṃ parihāyati. Tato paṭilomakkamena puṇṇakajākatakaṃ, mahānāradakassapajātakaṃ parihāyati. Vinayapiṭakameva dhārenti. Gacchante kāle tampi matthakato parihāyati paṭhamañhi parivāro parihāyati, tato khandhako bhikkhunīvibhaṅgo mahāvibhaṅgoti anukkamena uposathakkhandhakamattameva dhārenti, tadā pariyatti anantarahitāva hoti. Yāva pana manussesu catuppadikagāthāpi pavattati, tāva pariyatti anantarahitāva hoti. Yadā saddho pasanno rājā hatthikkhandhe suvaṇṇacaṅkoṭakamhi sahassatthavikaṃ ṭhapāpetvā ‘‘buddhehi kathitaṃ catuppadikaṃ gāthaṃ jānanto imaṃ sahassaṃ gaṇhatū’’ti nagare bheriṃ carāpetvā gaṇhakaṃ alabhitvā ekavāraṃ carāpite na suṇantāpi honti asuṇantāpi, yāva tatiyaṃ carāpetvā gaṇhakaṃ alabhitvā rājapurisā sahassatthavikaṃ puna rājakulaṃ pavesenti, tadā pariyattiantarahitā nāma hoti. Evaṃ pariyattiyā antarahitāya paṭipattipi paṭivedhopi antarahitova hoti. Saddhammasavanassa dullabhabhāvo dhammasoṇḍakavatthunā dīpetabbo amhākaṃ kira sammāsambuddho kassapasammāsambuddhassa dhammarājassa sāsanantaradhānato nacireneva kālena bārāṇasirañño putto dhammasoṇḍakarājakumāro hutvā pituaccayena rajje patiṭṭhāya kassapadasabalena desitaṃ dhammaṃ sotukāmo hutvā māsamattaṃ rajjaṃ katvā amhākaṃ sammāsambuddho imasmiṃ yeva bhaddakappe rajjaṃ kāretvā devanagarasadise bārāṇasinagare cakkavattirajjasadisaṃ rajjaṃ karonto evaṃ cintesi… ‘‘mayhaṃ evarūpaṃ rajjaṃ kiṃ vilāsaṃ rajjānubhāvaṃ saddhammaviyogena, divākaravirahito ākāso viya, sasaṅkavirahitaratti viya, dāṭhāvirahitagajo viya, velantavirahitamahāsamuddo viya cakkhuvirahita susajjitavadanaṃ viya, sugandhavirahitapārichattapupphaṃ viya, catuakkharaniyamitadhammadesanāviyogena mayhaṃ idaṃ rajjaṃ na sobhatī’’ti cintetvā suvaṇṇacaṅkoṭakena sahassatthavikaṃ bhaṇḍakaṃ susajjitaṃ maṅgalahatthikumbhe ṭhapetvā bārāṇasīnagare mahāvīthiyaṃ bheriṃ carāpeti ‘‘ekapadikaṃ vā dvipadikaṃ vā tipadikaṃ vā catuppadikaṃ vā dhammapadaṃ jānantassa dammī’’ti evaṃ bheriṃ carāpetvā dhammajānanakaṃ alabhitvā punappunaṃ dvisahassaṃ tisahassaṃ yāva satasahassaṃ koṭi dve sahassakoṭi, satasahassakoṭi gāmanigamajanapadasenāpatiṭṭhānaṃ uparājaṭṭhānaṃ. Pariyosāne dhammadesakaṃ alabhitvā attano suvaṇṇapīṭhakaṃ setacchattaṃ cajitvāpi dhammadesakaṃ alabhitvā rajjasiriṃ pahāya attānaṃ cajitvā ‘‘dhammadesakassa dāso hutvāpi dhammaṃ sossāmī’’ti vatvā evampi dhamma desakaṃ alabhitvā vippaṭisārī hutvā ‘‘kiṃ me saddhammaviyogena rajjenāti amaccānaṃ rajjaṃ niyyātetvā saddhammagavesako hutvā dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā mahāvanaṃ pāvisi dhammasoṇḍakamahārājassa saddhammasavanaṃ sandhāya paviṭṭhakkhake sakkadevamahārājassa vejayantapāsādo saheva kiṇṇikāya kampo ahosi, paṇḍukambalasilāsanaṃ uṇhākāraṃ ahosi. Sakkodevarājā kenakāraṇena paṇḍukambalasilāsanaṃ uṇhākāraṃ ahosī’’ti cintetvā attano sahassanettena devamanussesu vitthāretvā olokento dhammagavesako hutvā vanaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ dhammasoṇḍakamahārājānaṃ disvā cintesi… ‘‘ajja me attānampi jahāya rakkhasavesaṃ māpetvā etaṃ aniccaparidīpanaṃ jātijarābyādhimaraṇaṃ sakalasarīre dosaṃ dassetvā dhammaṃ desetvā etaṃ sakarajjeyeva patiṭṭhāpetabba’’nti cintetvā sakko devarājā yakkhasarūpaṃ māpetvā bodhisattassa abhimukho avidūre attānaṃ dassesi. Taṃ disvā dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā evaṃ cintesi… ‘‘evaṃrūpo nāma rakkhaso dhammaṃ jāneyyā’’ti, cintetvā avidūre ṭhāne ṭhatvā pucchāmīti rakkhasena saddhiṃ sallapanto āha ‘‘sāmipuññadevarāja imasmiṃ pana vanaghane vasanakadevarājā kiṃ nukho dhammaṃ jānāsī’’ti, devatā ‘‘mahārāja dhammaṃ jānāmī’’ti āha. ‘‘Yadi dhammaṃ jānāsi, mayhaṃ dhammakathaṃ kathethā’’ti āha. ‘‘Ahaṃ tuyhaṃ dhammaṃ kathessāmi, tvaṃ mayhaṃ kīdisaṃ dhammakathikassa sakkāraṃ karissasī’’ti āha. ‘‘Evaṃ sante mayhaṃ dhammaṃ kathetvā pacchā mayhaṃ sarīre maṃsaṃ khādissasī’’ti āha. ‘‘Ahaṃ mahārāja chāto hutvā dhammaṃ kathetuṃ na sakkomī’’ti āha. ‘‘Yadi tumhe paṭhamaṃ maṃsaṃ khādatha, dhammaṃ ko suṇissatī’’ti āha. Puna so rakkhaso ‘‘nāhaṃ dhammaṃ desetuṃ sakkomī’’ti. Puna rājā ‘‘mayhaṃ dhammapaṭilābhañca tumhākaṃ maṃsapaṭilābhañca tumhe jānitvā mayhaṃ dhammaṃ desethā’’ti āha. Atha sakko devarājā ‘‘sādhu hothā’’ti vatvā avidūre ṭhāne ubbedhena tigāvutamattaṃ mahantaṃ añjanapabbataṃ māpetvā evamāha… ‘‘sace mahārāja imaṃ pabbatamuddhaniṃ ārūyha ākāsā uppatitvā tvaṃ mama mukhe patissasi, ahaṃ te ākāsagatakāle dhammaṃ desessāmi, evaṃ sante tuyhañca dhammappalābho mayhañca maṃsapaṭilābho bhavissatī’’ti āha. Tassa kathaṃ sutvā dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā ‘‘anamatagge saṃsāre puriso hutvā adhammasamaṅgī hutvā adhammasseva atthāya pāṇātipāto adinnādāno kāmesumicchācāro sūkariko orabbhiko sākuṇi ko coro paradāriko taṃ gahetvā sīsacchinnānaṃ lohitaṃ catūsu mahāsamuddesu udakatopi bahutaraṃ mātāpituādīnampi manāpānaṃ atthāya rodantānaṃ assu catūsumahāsamuddesu udakatopi bahutaraṃ, imaṃ pana sarīraṃ dhammassa atthāya vikkiṇāmi taṃ mahapphalañca manāpañcā’’ti cintetvā ‘‘sādhu mārisa evaṃ karomī’’ti pabbataṃ ārūyha pabbatagge ṭhito ‘‘mama rajjena saddhiṃ mayhaṃ sajīvasarīraṃ saddhammassatthāya dassāmī’’ti somanasso hutvā ‘‘dhammaṃ kathethā’’ti saddhammatthāya jīvitaṃ pariccajitvā ākāsato uppatitvā dhammaṃ kathethāti āha. Atha sakko devarājā sakattabhāvena sabbālaṅkārehi paṭimaṇḍito ativiya sotuṃ somanasso ākāsato patantaṃ dibbaphassena parāmasanto urena paṭiggaṇhitvā devalokaṃ netvā paṇḍukambalasilāsane nisīdāpetvā mālāgandhādīhi pūjetvā dhammasoṇḍakamahārājassa dhammaṃ desento imaṃ gāthamāha.
‘‘Aniccā vata saṅkhārā, uppādavayadhammino;
Uppajjitvā nirujjhanti, tesaṃ vūpasamo sukho’’ti.
Evaṃ sakko dhammasoṇḍakamahārājassa dhammaṃ desetvā devalokasampattiṃ dassetvā devalokato ānetvā sakarajje patiṭṭhāpetvā appamādena ovaditvā devalokameva agamāsi evaṃ saddhammasavanassāpi dullabhabhāvo veditabbo. Evaṃ pariyattiantaradhānena paṭipatti paṭivedhāpi antaradhāyanti. Ettha ca tīṇi parinibbānāni veditabbāni katamāni tīṇi parinibbānāni. Kilesaparinibbānaṃ, khandhaparinibbānaṃ, dhātuparinibbānanti. Tattha kilesaparinibbānaṃ bodhimaṇḍeyeva hoti, bhagavā hi bodhimaṇḍeyeva vīriyapādehi sīlapathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya saddhāhatthena kammakkhayakaraṃ ñāṇapharasuṃ gahetvā sabbo lobhadosamohaviparītamanasikāraahirīkānottappakodhūpanāhamakkhapaḷāsa- issāmacchariyamāyāsāṭheyyathambhasārambhamānāti mānamadapamādataṇhā’vijjātividhākusalamūladuccaritasaṃkilesamalavisamasaññāvitakka papañcacatubbidhavipariyesaāsavaganthaoghayogā’gatiganthu’ pādānapañcacetokhilavinibandhanīvaraṇā’bhinandana chavivādamūlataṇhākāyasattānusaya aṭṭhamicchattanavataṇhāmūlakadasākusalakammapatha dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigata aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritappa bheda sabbadarathapariḷāhakilesasatasahassāni, saṅkhepato vā pañca kilesaabhisaṅkhārakhandhamaccudevaputtamāre asesato hatā vihatā anabhāvaṃkatā tasmā sabbepi kilesā bodhimaṇḍeyeva nibbānaṃ nirodhaṃ gacchantīti kilesanibbānaṃ bodhimaṇḍeyeva hoti ettha ca bodhīti arahattamaggaññāṇaṃ adhippetaṃ tathā hi sabbesampi buddhapaccekabuddhaariyasāvakānaṃ arahattamaggakkhaṇeyeva sabbepi kilesā asesaṃ nirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ gacchanti tepi buddhā ugghaṭitaviññūvibhajjitaññūneyyavasena tividhā honti vuttañhetaṃ jātattakīsotattakīnidāne.
‘‘Ugghaṭitaññunāmako, vibhajjitaññuno duve;
Tatiyo neyyo nāmena, bodhisatto tidhā mato.
Ugghaṭitaññubodhisatto, paññādhikoti nāmaso;
Vibhajjitaññubodhisatto, vutto vīriyādhiko.
Mato neyyo saddhādhiko nāma, bodhisattā ime tayo;
Kappeca satasahasse, caturo ca asaṅkhyeyye.
Pūretvā bodhisambhāre, laddhabyākaraṇo pure;
Ugghaṭitaññubodhisatto, patto sambodhimuttamaṃ.
Aṭṭhame ca asaṅkhyeyye, kappe ca satasahasse;
Pūretvā bodhisambhāre, laddhabyākaraṇo pure.
Vipañcitaññubodhisatto, patto sambodhimuttamaṃ;
Neyyo tu bodhisatto ca, soḷase asaṅkhyeyye.
Kappe ca satasahasse, laddhabyākaraṇo pure;
Pūretvā bodhisambhāre, patto sambodhimuttama’’ nti.
Suttanipātaapadānaṭṭhakathāsu pana ‘‘buddhānaṃ ānanda heṭṭhimaparicchedena cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni kappasatasahassañca, majjhimaparicchedena aṭṭha asaṅkhyeyyāni kappasatasahassañca, uparimaparicchedena soḷasāsaṅkhyyeyyāni kappasatasahassañca. Eteca paññādhikasaddhādhikavīriyādhikavasena veditabbāti vuttaṃ tesu paññādhiko cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni kappasatasahassañca, saddhādhiko aṭṭhaasaṅkheyyeyyāni kappasatasahassañca, vīriyādhiko soḷasaasaṅkhyeyyāni kappasatasahassañcāti veditabbaṃ. Tattha paññādhiko yonigativiññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsesu saṃsarantopi paññābahullavasena sampannajjhāsaya sambhavato khippaññeva tassa sambodhi. Saddhādhiko pana mandapaññattā assaddahitabbepi saddahati, tasmā tassa mandaññeva sambodhi. Vīriyādhiko pana ubhayamando assaddahitabbampi saddahati, akattabbampi karoti, rājā passenadīkosalo yathā so hi sabbaññubuddhe dharamāneyeva agamanīyampi paradāraṃ gantuṃ cittaṃ uppādetvā paraṃ jīvitā voropetuṃ āraddho nerayikānaṃ viravantānaṃ du-sa-na-soti saddampi sutvā ativimūḷho sabbaññubuddhaṃ ṭhapetvā micchādiṭṭhibrāhmaṇaṃ pucchitvā tassa vacanena sabbajanānaṃ yaññatthāya dukkhaṃ uppādesi ko panavādo anuppanne buddhe, tathā hi esa kassapabhagavato sāsanantaradhānena andhabhūte loke bārāṇasiyaṃ rājā hutvāpi nigrodharukkhadevatāya yaññatthāya ekasatarājāno mahesīhi saddhiṃ māretuṃ āraddho. Evaṃ vīriyādhiko ubhayamando, tasmā tassa sambodhi atimandoti evaṃ paññādhikasaddhādhikavīriyādhikavasena kālassāpi rassadīghabhāvo veditabboti. Pacchimanayoeva pasaṃsitabboti ayamettha amhākaṃ attanomati. Khandhaparinibbānaṃ pana kusinārāya upavattane mallānaṃ sālavane yamakasālānamantare vesākhapuṇṇamadivase paccūsasamaye ekūnavīsatiyā cuticittesu mettāpubbabhāgassa somanassañāṇasampayuttaasaṅkhārikakusalacittasadisena mahāvipākacittena abyākatena carimakaṃ katvā katthaci bhave paṭisandhiviññāṇassa anantarapaccayo hutvā kammataṇhākilesehi anupādāno sabbupadhipaṭinissaggo upādinnakakkhandhapariccāgo hotīti veditabbaṃ. Vitthāro pana dīghanikāye mahāvagge mahāparinibbānasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ oloketabbo. Tattha videsaṃ gacchanto puriso sabbaṃ ñātijanaṃ āliṅgetvā sīse cumbitvā gacchati viya bhagavāpi nibbānapuraṃ pavisanto sabbepi catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasamāpattiyo anavasesaṃ samāpajjitvā yāva saññāvedayitaṃ, tatopi vuṭṭhāya yāva nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya jhānaṅgāni paccavekkhitvā bhavaṅgacittena abyākatena dukkhasaccena parinibbāyi. Pāḷiyaṃ pana ‘‘catutthajjhānā vuṭṭhahitvā samanantarā bhagavā parinibbāyī’’ti vuttaṃ tattha dve samanantarā jhānasamanantarā, paccavekkhaṇasamanantarāti. Tattha jhānā vuṭṭhāya bhavaṅgaṃ otiṇṇassa tattheva parinibbānaṃ jhānasamanantaraṃ nāma. Jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā puna jhānaṅgāni paccavekkhitvā bhavaṅgaṃ otiṇṇassa tattheva parinibbānaṃ paccavekkhaṇasamanantaraṃ nāma. Bhagavā pana jhānasamanantarā apari nibbāyittā paccavekkhaṇasamanantarameva parinibbāyīti veditabbaṃ, tenevāha ‘‘bhagavā pana jhānaṃ samāpajjitvā jhānā vuṭṭhāya jhānaṅgāni paccavekkhitvā bhavaṅgacittena abyākatena dukkhasaccena parinibbāyī’’ti. Ettha bhagavato parinibbānacittassa kiṃ ārammaṇaṃ kammaṃ vā hoti, udāhu kammanimittagatinimittāni, atha nibbānanti apare evaṃ vadanti.
Nāhu assāsapassāsā, ṭhitacittassa tādino;
Anejo santi’mārabbha, yaṃkāla’makarī muni.
Asallīnena cittena, vedanaṃ ajjhavāsayi;
Pajjotasse’va nibbānaṃ, vimokkho cetaso ahū’ti.
Imissāgāthāya ‘‘yaṃ yo muni anejo santi nibbānaṃ ārabbha kālaṃ akarī’’ti yojetvā bhagavato parinibbānacittassa nibbānārammaṇanti tamayuttaṃ, paṭisandhibhavaṅgacutīnaṃ nibbānārammaṇassa anārahattā ‘‘nibbānaṃ gotrabhussa vodānassa maggassa ārammaṇapaccayenapaccayo, nibbānaṃ phalassa āvajjanāyā’’ti paṭṭhānapāḷiyā javanaāvajjanānameva adhippetattā tasmā ettha ‘‘yaṃ yo muni phalasamāpattiyā anejo anejasaṅkhāto taṇhārahito santiṃ nibbānaṃ ārabbha ārammaṇaṃ katvā kālaṃ asītivassaparimāṇaṃ akari atikkamī’’ti yojanā kātabbā. Keci pana evaṃ vadanti… ‘‘katthaci pana anuppajjamānassa khīṇāsavassa yathopaṭṭhitaṃ nāmarūpadhammādikameva cutipariyosānānaṃ gocarabhāvaṃ gacchati, na kamma-kammanimittādayo’’ti vuttattā kammanittagatinimittāni arahato cuticittassa ārammaṇabhāvaṃ na gacchantīti tampi ayuttameva ayañhetthattho katthaci pana bhave anuppajjamānassa khīṇāsavassa arahato yathā yathā yena yena pakārena upaṭṭhitaṃ nāmarūpadhammādikameva cutipariyosānaṃ āvajjanajavanacittānaṃ gocarabhāvaṃ gacchati, puna bhavābhinibbattiyā abhāvato. Kiṃ kāraṇaṃ bhūtāni kammakammanimittagatinimittāni gocarabhāvaṃ na gacchantīti. Cuticittassa pana paṭisandhicittena gahitaṃ atītārammaṇameva gocarabhāvaṃ gacchati. ‘‘Nāmarūpādikamevā ti ettha nāma’’nti cittacetasikanibbānaṃ rūpanti aṭṭhārasavidhaṃ rūpaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Nāmañca rūpañca nāmarūpā. Nāmarūpā ca te dhammā ceti tathā. Te ādi yesaṃ teti nāmarūpadhammādi tameva nāmarūpadhammādikaṃ. Ādisaddena cha paññattiyo saṅgaṇhāti, tena nibbānampi arahato maraṇāsannakāle kriyajavanassapi ārammaṇabhāvo bhaveyyāti amhākaṃ khanti vīmaṃsitvā pana gahetabbaṃ. Bhagavato nibbānacittassa pana tusitapurato cavitvā sirīmahāmāyāya kucchimhi vasitapaṭisandhicittena gahitārammaṇameva ārammaṇaṃ hotīti daṭṭhabbaṃ tañca kho gatinimittameva, na kammakammanimittāni. Yuttitopi āgamatopi gatinimittameva yujjati tathā hi tusitapureyeva setaketudevaputto hutvā dibbagaṇanāya cattāri sahassāni, manussagaṇanāya sattapaññāsavassakoṭi,saṭṭhivassasatasahassāni ṭhatvā pariyosāne pañca pubbanimittāni disvā suddhāvāse arahantabrahmunā dasahi cakkavāḷasahassehi āgamma devatāvisesehi ca.
‘‘Kālo deva mahāvīra, uppajja mātukucchayaṃ;
Sadevakaṃ tārayanto, bujjhassu amataṃ pada’’nti.
Yāciyamāno ‘‘kālaṃ dīpañca desañca, kulaṃ mātarameva cā’’ti vuttāni pañca mahāvilokanāni viloketvā tusitapurato cavitvā āsāḷhīpuṇṇamāyaṃ uttarāsāḷhanakkhatteneva saddhiṃ ekūnavīsatiyā paṭisandhicittesu mettāpubbabhāgamassa somanassañāṇasampayuttaasaṅkhārikakusalacittassa sadisena mahāvipākacittena paṭisandhiṃ aggahesi. Tadārammaṇāsannavīthito pubbabhāge ālokitāni kāladīpadesakulamātaravasena imāni pañca paṭisandhicittassa gatinimittārammaṇabhāvena gocarabhāvaṃ gacchantīti amhākaṃ khanti tanninnatappoṇatappabbhāravasena bāhullappavattito teneva abhidhammatthasaṅgahādīsu abhidhammattha vibhāvaniyaṃ ‘‘maraṇakāle yathārahaṃ abhimukhībhūtaṃ bhavantare paṭisandhijanakaṃ kammaṃ vā taṃ kammakaraṇakāle rūpādikamupaladdhapubbamupakaraṇabhūtañca kammanimittaṃ vā anantaramuppajjamānabhave upalabhitabbaṃ upabhogabhūtaṃ gatinimittaṃ vā kammabalena channaṃ dvārānamaññatarasmiṃ paccupaṭṭhāsi, tato paraṃ tameva tathopaṭṭhitamālambaṇaṃ ārabbha vipaccamānakakammānurūpaṃ parisuddhaṃ vā, upakkiliṭṭhaṃ vā upapajjitabbabhavānurūpaṃ tatthoṇataṃva cittasantānamabhiṇhaṃ pavattati bāhullena. Tameva vā pana janakabhūtaṃ kammaṃ abhinavakaraṇavasena dvārappattaṃ hoti. Paccāsannamaraṇassa pana tassa vīthicittāvasāne bhavaṅgakkhayevā cavanavasena paccuppannabhavapariyosānabhūtaṃ cuticittaṃ uppajjitvā nirujjhati. Tasmiṃ niruddhāvasāne tassānantarameva tathā gahitamālambaṇamārabbha savatthukamavatthukameva vā yathārahaṃ avijjānusayaparikkhittena taṇhānusayamūlakena saṅkhārena janiyamānaṃ sampayuttehi pariggayhamānaṃ sahajātānamadhiṭṭhānabhāvena pubbaṅgamabhūtaṃ bhavantarapaṭisandhānavasena paṭisandhisaṅkhātaṃ mānasamuppajjamānameva patiṭṭhāti bhavantare’’ti vuttaṃ. Tattha ‘‘tatthoṇataṃva cittasantānamabhiṇhaṃ pavattati bāhullenā’’ti iminā kammabalena upaṭṭhitaṃ gatinimittaṃ maraṇāsannavīthito pubbe ekāhadvīhādivasena sattāhampi, sattāhato uttaripi uppajjate vāti dasseti tathā hi parisuddhaṃ vā upakkiliṭṭhaṃ vā vipaccamānakakammānurūpaṃ gatinimittaṃ cirakālampi tiṭṭhati, ariyagālatissacoraghātakādayo viya tathā hi ariyagālatisso nāma upāsako sīhaḷadīpe attano bhariyāya sumanāya saddhiṃ yāvajīvaṃ dānādi puññakammāni katvā āyūhapariyosāne ariyagālatissassa maraṇamañce nipannassa chadevalokato rathaṃ ānetvā attano attano devalokaṃ vaṇṇesuṃ. Upāsako devatānaṃ kathaṃ sutvā tusitapurato āhaṭarathaṃ ṭhapetvā avasesarathe ‘‘gahetvā gacchathā’’ti āha. Sumanā pana attano sāmikassa vacanaṃ sutvā ‘‘kiṃ tissa maraṇāsanne vilāpaṃ akāsī’’ti āha. Tisso attano bhariyāya kathaṃ sutvā āha… ‘‘ahaṃ vilāpaṃ na karomi, devalokato devatā cha rathe ānesuṃ tāhi devatāhi saddhaṃ kathemī’’ti. Taṃ napassāmi kuhi’’nti vutte pupphadāmaṃ āharāpetvā ākāse khipāpesi. Sā taṃ pupphadāmaṃ rathasīse olambamānaṃ disvā gabbhaṃ pavisitvā sayane sayitvā nāsikavātaṃ sannirujjhitvā cavitvā pāturahosi. Sā attano sāmikassa sāsanaṃ pesesi… ‘‘ahaṃ pana paṭhamaṃ āgatomhi, tvaṃ kasmā cirāyasī’’ti. Ubhopi rathe ṭhatvā sabbe olokentānaṃyeva tusitapuraṃ agamaṃsu. Imasmiñhi vatthusmiṃ sāmikassa upaṭṭhitagatinimittaṃ bhariyāya pākaṭaṃ hutvā puretaratusitapure nibbattitvā sāmikassa sāsanaṃ pesesi tena ariyagālatissassa cirakālaṃ gatinimittaṃ upaṭṭhātīti veditabbaṃ. Manussaloke hi cirakālaṃ tusitapure muhuttaṃva hoti. Evaṃ parisuddhaṃ vipaccamānakakammānurūpaṃ gatinimittaṃ cirakālaṃ pavattati iminā nayena duṭṭhagāmaṇiabhayadhammikaupsakādīnampi vatthu vitthāretabbaṃ. Coraghātakassa pana mahāniraye vipaccamānakakammānurūpaṃ nerayaggijālādikaṃ sattāhaṃ upaṭṭhāti. Sāvatthinagare kira pañcasatā corā bahinagare corakammaṃ karonti. Athekadivasaṃ janapadapuriso tesaṃ abbhantaro hutvā corakammaṃ akāsi, tadā te sabbepi rājapurisā aggahesuṃ. Rājā te disvā ‘‘tumhākaṃ antare ime sabbe māretuṃ samatthassa jīvitaṃ dammī’’ti āha. Pañcasatā corā aññamaññaṃ sambandhā aññamaññaṃ sahāyakāti aññamaññaṃ māretuṃ na icchiṃsu, janapadamanusso pana ‘‘ahaṃ māremī’’ti vatvā sabbe māresi. Rājā tassa tussitvā coraghātakakammaṃ adāsi. So pañcavīsativassāni coraghātakakammaṃ ākāsi. Rājā tassa mahallakoti vatvā aññassa coraghātaka kammaṃ dāpesi. So coraghātakakammā apanīto aññatarassa santike nāsikavātaṃ uggaṇhitvā hatthapādakaṇṇanāsādīhi chinditabbānaṃ ūrūthanakaṭṭhānaṃ bhindantamāretabbayuttānaṃ nāsikavātaṃ vissajjetvā māretabbaṃ mantaṃ labhi. So rājānaṃ ārocetvā nāsikavātena coraghātakakammaṃ karontasseva tiṃsa vassāni atikkami. So pacchā mahallako hutvā maraṇamañce nipajji ‘‘sattadivasena kālaṃ karissatī’’ti. Maraṇakāle mahantaṃ vedanaṃ ahosi. So mahāniraye nibbatto viya mahāsaddaṃ katvā dukkhito hoti. Tassa saddena bhītā manussā ubhatopasse gehaṃ chaḍḍetvā palāyiṃsu. Tassa maraṇadivase sāriputtatthero dibbacakkhunā lokaṃ olokento etassa kālaṃ katvā mahāniraye nibbattamānaṃ disvā tassa anukampaṃ paṭicca gehadvāre pākaṭo ahosi. So kujjhitvā nāsikavātaṃ vissajjesi. Yāva tatiyaṃ vissajjamānopi vissajjāpetuṃ asakkonto theraṃ atirekena virocamānaṃ disvā cittaṃ pasādetvā pāyāsaṃ therassa dāpesi. Thero maṅgalaṃ vaḍḍhetvā agamāsi. Coraghātako therassa dinnadānaṃ anussaritvā cavitvā sagge nibbatti, nirayajālādayo antaradhāyanti. So anāgatepi paccekabuddho bhavissati. Evaṃ upakkiliṭṭhaṃ vā vipaccamāna kakammānurūpaṃ gatinimittampi sattāhaparamaṃ upaṭṭhāti. Atthikehi pana sahassavatthu sagāthāvaggesu oloketabbo. Bhagavato pana parisuddhaṃ mettāpubbabhāgassa somanassa ñāṇasampayuttakusalassa kammassa vegena kāladīpadesakulamātaravasena imāni pañcagatinimittāni cirakālaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhahanti. Cirakālanti manussaloke sattāhamattaṃ, tusitapuremuhuttameva, tathāpi manussaloke sattāhamatte kāle devatānaṃ pañcapubbanimittāni paññāyanti tañca kho puññavantānaṃyeva paññāyanti, na sabbesaṃ manussaloke puññavantānaṃ rājarājamahāmattādīnaṃ viya taṃ disvā mahesakkhā devatā jānanti, na appesakkhā, manussaloke nemittakā brāhmaṇapaṇḍitādayoviya. Mahesakkhā devatā taṃ pubbanimittaṃ disvā nandavanaṃ netvā ‘‘kālo devā’’ti ādīhi yācanti. Mahāsakko tattheva nandavanuyyāne kāladīpadesakulamātaravasena pañca viloketvā cavitvā tamārammaṇaṃ katvā mahāmāyāya kucchimhi paṭisandhiṃ aggahesīti sanniṭṭhānamavagantabbaṃ.
Tattha kālanti manussaloke ekūnatiṃsatime vasse vesākhapuṇṇamadivase buddho bhavissāmīti kālaṃ olokesi. Dīpanti jambudīpeyeva bhavissāmi, na aññadīpesūti dīpaṃ olokesi. Desanti majjhimadeseyeva, tañca kho mahābodhimaṇḍeyeva, na aññadeseti desaṃ olokesi. Kulanti dve kulāni khattiyakulabrāhmaṇakulavasena. Tattha yasmiṃ kāle khattiyakulaṃ loke seṭṭhabhāvena ‘‘ayameva loke aggo’’ti sammannati, tadā khattiyakuleyeva buddhā uppajjanti. Yasmiṃ pana kāle brāhmaṇakulaṃ ayameva loke aggoti, tadā brāhmaṇakuleyeva buddhā uppajjanti. Idāni pana khattiyakulameva aggoti sammannanti. Khattiyakulepi sakyarājānova loke uttamā, asambhinnakhattiyakulattā tasmā sakyarājakuleyeva bhavissāmīti kulaṃ olokesi. Mātaranti mama mātaraṃ dasa māsāni satta ca divasāni ṭhassati, etthantare mama mātuyā arogo bhavissatīti mātarampi olokesi. Bodhisattamātā pana pacchimavaye ṭhitā. Evaṃ yuttitopi āgamatopi bhagavato nibbānacittassa paṭasandhicittena gahitanimittameva ārammaṇaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ.
Sabbaññujinanibbāna, cittassa gocaraṃ subhaṃ;
Viññeyyaṃ gatinimittaṃ, ganthehi avirodhato.
Dhātuparinibbānampi bodhimaṇḍeyeva bhavissati vuttañhetaṃ uparipaṇṇāsake ‘‘dhātuparinibbānaṃ anāgate bhavissati sāsanassa hi osakkanakāle imasmiṃ tambapaṇṇidīpe dhātuyo sannipatitvā mahācetiyato nāgadīpe rājāyatanacetiyaṃ, tato mahābodhipallaṅkaṃ gamissanti. Nāgabhavanatopi devalokatopi dhātuyo mahābodhipallaṅkameva gamissanti sāsapamattāpi dhātuyo antarā na nassissanti, sabbā dhātuyo mahābodhipallaṅke rāsibhūtā suvaṇṇakkhandhā viya ekagghanā hutvā chabbaṇṇarasmiyo vissajjissanti, tā dasasahassalokadhātuṃ pharissanti. Tato dasasahassacakkavāḷesu devatā sannipatitvā ”ajja satthā parinibbāyati ajja sāsanaṃ osakkati pacchimadassanaṃ idaṃ amhāka’’nti dasabalassa parinibbutadivasato mahantataraṃ kāruññaṃ karissanti ṭhapetvā anāgāmikhīṇāsave avasesā sakattabhāvena sandhāretuṃ nāsakkhiṃsu, dhātusarīrato tejodhātu uṭṭhahitvā yāva brahmalokā uggacchissati. Sāsapamattāyapi dhātuyā sati ekajālā bhavissati dhātūsu pariyādānaṃ gatāsu pacchijjissati. Evaṃ mahantaṃ ānubhāvaṃ dassetvā dhātūsu antarahitāsu sāsanaṃ antarahitaṃ nāma hoti. Yāva evaṃ na antaradhāyati, tāva anantaradhānameva sāsanaṃ. Parinibbānakālato paṭṭhāya yāva sāsapamattā dhātu tiṭṭhati, tāva buddhakālato pacchāti na veditabbaṃ dhātūsu hi ṭhitāsu buddhā ṭhitā va honti, tasmā etthantare aññassa buddhassa uppatti nivāritāva hoti. Teneva vadāma.
Parinibbānakālato, pacchā dharanti dhātuyo;
Anibbutova sambuddho, aññabuddhassa vāritā.
Jīvamānepi sambuddhe, nibbute vā tathāgate;
Yo karoti samaṃ pūjaṃ, phalaṃ tāsa samaṃ siyā’ti.
Iti sāgarabuddhittheravicarite sīmavisodhane dhammavaṇṇanāya
Nibbānakaṇḍo tatiyo paricchedo.
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