(15) 5. Samāpattivaggavaṇṇanā

164. Pañcamassa paṭhame ‘‘ito pubbe parikammaṃ pavattaṃ, ito paraṃ bhavaṅgaṃ majjhe samāpattī’’ti evaṃ saha parikammena appanāparicchedappajānanā paññā samāpattikusalatā. Vuṭṭhāne kusalabhāvo vuṭṭhānakusalatā. Pageva vuṭṭhānaparicchedakañāṇanti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo.

165. Dutiye ujuno bhāvo ajjavaṃ, ajimhatā akuṭilatā avaṅkatāti attho. Abhidhammepi (dha. sa. 1346) vuttaṃ – ‘‘tattha katamo ajjavo? Yā ajjavatā ajimhatā akuṭilatā avaṅkatā, ayaṃ vuccati ajjavo’’ti. Anajjavañca ajjavappaṭikkhepena veditabbaṃ. Gomuttavaṅkatā, candalekhāvaṅkatā, naṅgalakoṭivaṅkatāti hi tayo anajjavā. Ekacco hi bhikkhu paṭhamavaye majjhima-pacchimavaye ca ekavīsatiyā anesanāsu chasu ca agocaresu carati, ayaṃ gomuttavaṅkatā nāma, ādito paṭṭhāya yāva pariyosānā paṭipattiyā vaṅkabhāvato. Eko paṭhamavaye pacchimavaye ca catupārisuddhisīlaṃ pūreti, lajjī kukkuccako sikkhākāmo hoti, majjhimavaye purimasadiso, ayaṃ candalekhāvaṅkatā nāma, paṭipattiyā majjhaṭṭhāne vaṅkabhāvāpattito. Eko paṭhamavayepi majjhimavayepi catupārisuddhisīlaṃ pūreti, lajjī kukkuccako sikkhākāmo hoti, pacchimavaye purimasadiso, ayaṃ naṅgalakoṭivaṅkatā nāma, pariyosāne vaṅkabhāvāpattito. Eko sabbampetaṃ vaṅkataṃ pahāya tīsu vayesu pesalo lajjī kukkuccako sikkhākāmo hoti, tassa yo so ujubhāvo, idaṃ ajjavaṃ nāma, sabbattha ujubhāvasiddhito.

Maddavanti ettha ‘‘lajjava’’ntipi paṭhanti. Evaṃ panettha attho – ‘‘tattha katamo lajjavo? Yo hirīyati hirīyitabbena hirīyati pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiyā, ayaṃ vuccati lajjavo’’ti evaṃ vutto lajjibhāvo lajjavaṃ nāma. Idaṃ panettha nibbacanaṃ – lajjatīti lajjo, hirimā, tassa bhāvo lajjavaṃ, hirīti attho. Lajjā etassa atthīti lajjī yathā ‘‘mālī māyī’’ti, tassa bhāvo lajjibhāvo, sā eva lajjā.

166. Tatiye adhivāsanakhantīti ettha adhivāsanaṃ vuccati khamanaṃ. Tañhi paresaṃ dukkaṭaṃ duruttañca paṭivirodhākaraṇena attano upari āropetvā vāsanato ‘‘adhivāsana’’nti vuccati. Adhivāsanalakkhaṇā khanti adhivāsanakhanti. Sucisīlatā soraccaṃ. Sā hi sobhanakammaratatā. Suṭṭhu vā pāpato oratabhāvo viratatāti āha ‘‘suratabhāvo’’ti. Teneva abhidhammepi (dha. sa. 1349) –

‘‘Tattha katamaṃ soraccaṃ? Yo kāyiko avītikkamo vācasiko avītikkamo kāyikavācasiko avītikkamo, idaṃ vuccati soraccaṃ, sabbopi sīlasaṃvaro soracca’’nti – āgato.

167. Catutthe sakhilo vuccati saṇhavāco, tassa bhāvo sākhalyaṃ, saṇhavācatā. Tenāha ‘‘saṇhavācāvasena sammodamānabhāvo’’ti. Saṇhavācāvasena hi sammodamānassa puggalassa bhāvo nāma saṇhavācatā. Teneva abhidhamme (dha. sa. 1350) –

‘‘Tattha katamaṃ sākhalyaṃ? Yā sā vācā aṇḍakā kakkasā parakaṭukā parābhisajjanī kodhasāmantā asamādhisaṃvattanikā, tathārūpiṃ vācaṃ pahāya yā sā vācā nelā kaṇṇasukhā pemanīyā hadayaṅgamā porī bahujanakantā bahujanamanāpā, tathārūpiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti, yā tattha saṇhavācatā sakhilavācatā apharusavācatā, idaṃ vuccati sākhalya’’nti vuttaṃ.

Tattha aṇḍakāti sadose savaṇe rukkhe niyyāsapiṇḍo, ahicchattādīni vā uṭṭhitāni aṇḍakānīti vadanti, pheggurukkhassa pana kuthitassa aṇḍāni viya uṭṭhitā cuṇṇapiṇḍiyo vā gaṇṭhiyo vā aṇḍakā. Idha pana byāpajjanakakkasādisabhāvato kaṇṭakappaṭibhāgena vācā aṇḍakāti vuttā. Padumanāḷaṃ viya sotaṃ ghaṃsayamānā pavisantī kakkasā daṭṭhabbā. Kodhena nibbattā tassa parivārabhūtā kodhasāmantā. Pure saṃvaddhanārī porī. Sā viya sukumārā mudukā vācā porī viyāti porī. Saṇhavācatātiādinā taṃ vācaṃ pavattamānaṃ dasseti.

168. Pañcame ‘‘avihiṃsāti karuṇāpubbabhāgo’’ti ettakameva idha vuttaṃ, dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāya saṅgītisuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 3.304) pana ‘‘avihiṃsāti karuṇāpi karuṇāpubbabhāgopī’’ti vuttaṃ. Abhidhammepi (vibha. 182) ‘‘tattha katamā avihiṃsā? Yā sattesu karuṇā karuṇāyanā karuṇāyitattaṃ karuṇācetovimutti, ayaṃ vuccati avihiṃsā’’ti āgataṃ. Etthāpi hi yā kāci karuṇā ‘‘karuṇā’’ti vuttā, karuṇācetovimutti pana appanāppattāva.

Sucisaddato bhāve yakāraṃ ikārassa ca ukārādesaṃ katvā ayaṃ niddesoti āha ‘‘socabyaṃ sucibhāvo’’ti. Ettha ca socabyanti sīlavasena sucibhāvoti vuttaṃ. Dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāya saṅgītisuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 3.304) pana ‘‘soceyyanti mettāya ca mettāpubbabhāgassa ca vasena sucibhāvo’’ti vuttaṃ. Teneva abhidhammepi ‘‘tattha katamaṃ socabyaṃ? Yā sattesu metti mettāyanā mettāyitattaṃ mettācetovimutti, idaṃ vuccati socabya’’nti niddeso kato. Etthāpi hi ‘‘mettī’’tiādinā yā kāci mettā vuttā, mettācetovimutti pana appanāppattāva.

169-171. Chaṭṭhasattamaaṭṭhamāni heṭṭhā vuttanayāneva.

172. Navame kāmaṃ sampayuttadhammesu thirabhāvopi balaṭṭho eva, paṭipakkhehi pana akampanīyataṃ sātisayaṃ balaṭṭhoti vuttaṃ ‘‘muṭṭhassacce akampanenā’’tiādi.

173. Dasame paccanīkadhammasamanato samatho, samādhīti āha ‘‘samathoti cittekaggatā’’ti. Aniccādinā vividhenākārena dassanato passanato vipassanā, paññāti āha ‘‘saṅkhārapariggāhakañāṇa’’nti.

174. Ekādasame dussīlyanti samādinnassa sīlassa bhedakaro vītikkamo. Diṭṭhivipattīti ‘‘atthi dinna’’ntiādinayappavattāya sammādiṭṭhiyā dūsikā micchādiṭṭhīti āha ‘‘diṭṭhivipattīti micchādiṭṭhī’’ti.

175. Dvādasame sīlasampadāti sabbabhāgato tassa anūnatāpatti paripuṇṇabhāvo sīlasampadā. Paripūraṇattho hettha sampadāsaddo. Tenevāha ‘‘paripuṇṇasīlatā’’ti. Diṭṭhisampadāti atthikadiṭṭhiādisammādiṭṭhipāripūribhāvena pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Tañca kammassakatāsammādiṭṭhiādivasena pañcavidhaṃ hotīti āha ‘‘tena kammassakatā’’ti.

176. Terasame sīlavisuddhīti visuddhiṃ pāpetuṃ samatthaṃ sīlaṃ, cittavisuddhiādiuparivisuddhiyā paccayo bhavituṃ samatthaṃ visuddhasīlanti vuttaṃ hoti. Suvisuddhameva hi sīlaṃ tassā padaṭṭhānaṃ hoti. Tenāha ‘‘sīlavisuddhīhi visuddhisampāpakaṃ sīla’’nti. Etthāpi visuddhisampāpakanti cittavisuddhiādiuparivisuddhiyā sampāpakanti attho daṭṭhabbo. Abhidhamme (dha. sa. 1372) panāyaṃ ‘‘tattha katamā sīlavisuddhi? Kāyiko avītikkamo vācasiko avītikkamo kāyikavācasiko avītikkamo, ayaṃ vuccati sīlavisuddhī’’ti evaṃ vibhattā.

Diṭṭhivisuddhīti visuddhiṃ pāpetuṃ samatthaṃ dassanañāṇaṃ dassanavisuddhi, paramatthavisuddhiṃ nibbānañca pāpetuṃ upanetuṃ samatthaṃ kammassakatañāṇādi sammādassananti attho. Tenāha ‘‘visuddhisampāpikā…pe… pañcavidhāpi vā sammādiṭṭhī’’ti. Etthāpi visuddhisampāpikāti ñāṇadassanavisuddhiyā dassananibbānasaṅkhātāya paramatthavisuddhiyā ca sampāpikāti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. Abhidhamme (dha. sa. 1373) panāyaṃ ‘‘tattha katamā diṭṭhivisuddhi? Kammassakatañāṇaṃ, saccānulomikaṃ ñāṇaṃ, maggassa maggasamaṅgissa ñāṇaṃ, phalasamaṅgissa ñāṇa’’nti evaṃ vuttaṃ.

Ettha ca idaṃ akusalakammaṃ no sakaṃ, idaṃ pana kammaṃ sakanti evaṃ byatirekato anvayato ca kammassakatajānanañāṇaṃ kammassakatañāṇaṃ. Tividhaduccaritañhi attanā katampi parena katampi no sakakammaṃ nāma hoti atthabhañjanato, sucaritaṃ sakakammaṃ nāma atthajananato. Vipassanāñāṇaṃ pana vacīsaccañca anulometi, paramatthasaccañca na vilometīti saccānulomikañāṇanti vuttaṃ. Vipassanāñāṇañhi lakkhaṇāni paṭivijjhanatthaṃ ārambhakāle ‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā’’ti pavattaṃ vacīsaccañca anulometi, tatheva paṭivijjhanato paramatthasaccaṃ nibbānañca na vilometi na virādheti ekanteneva sampāpanato.

177. Cuddasame diṭṭhivisuddhīti paṭhamamaggasammādiṭṭhi vuttā. Yathādiṭṭhissa ca padhānanti taṃsampayuttameva vīriyaṃ. Teneva dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 3.304) ‘‘diṭṭhivisuddhīti ñāṇadassanaṃ kathitaṃ. Yathādiṭṭhissa ca padhānanti taṃsampayuttameva vīriya’’nti vuttaṃ. Ettha hi ñāṇadassananti ñāṇabhūtaṃ dassanaṃ. Tena dassanamaggaṃ vadati. Taṃsampayuttameva vīriyanti paṭhamamaggasampayuttavīriyamāha. Apica diṭṭhivisuddhīti sabbāpi maggasammādiṭṭhi. Yathādiṭṭhissa ca padhānanti taṃsampayuttameva vīriyaṃ. Teneva dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘apica purimapadena catumaggañāṇaṃ, pacchimapadena taṃsampayuttaṃ vīriya’’nti vuttaṃ.

Atha vā diṭṭhīvisuddhīti kammassakatañāṇādisaṅkhātā sabbāpi sammādiṭṭhi vuttā. Yathādiṭṭhissa ca padhānanti yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmoti. Ayameva pāḷiyā sameti. Abhidhamme hi ‘‘diṭṭhivisuddhi kho panāti yā paññā pajānanā…pe… amoho dhammavicayo sammādiṭṭhi. Yathādiṭṭhissa ca padhānanti yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo’’ti evamayaṃ duko vibhatto. Teneva abhidhammaṭṭhakathāyaṃ (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1374) ‘‘yā paññā pajānanātiādīhi heṭṭhā vuttāni kammassakatañāṇādīneva cattāri ñāṇāni vibhattāni. ‘Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho’tiādīhi padehi niddiṭṭhaṃ vīriyaṃ gahitaṃ paññāya lokiyaṭṭhāne lokiyaṃ, lokuttaraṭṭhāne lokuttara’’nti vuttaṃ.

Idhāpi visuddhisampāpikā catumaggasammādiṭṭhi, pañcavidhāpi vā sammādiṭṭhi diṭṭhivisuddhīti adhippāyena ‘‘diṭṭhivisuddhīti visuddhisampāpikā sammādiṭṭhiyevā’’ti vuttaṃ. Heṭṭhimamaggasampayuttaṃ vīriyanti idaṃ pana ‘‘yathādiṭṭhissa ca padhānanti paṭhamamaggasampayuttaṃ vīriyanti vutta’’nti adhippāyena vadati. Ettha ca taṃtaṃbhāṇakānaṃ matabhedenāyaṃ vaṇṇanābhedoti na aṭṭhakathāvacanānaṃ aññamaññavirodho saṅkitabbo. Atha yathādiṭṭhissa ca padhānanti heṭṭhimamaggasampayuttameva vīriyaṃ kasmā vuttanti āha ‘‘tañhi tassā diṭṭhiyā anurūpattā’’tiādi. Tattha tassā diṭṭhiyāti heṭṭhimamaggasampayuttāya diṭṭhiyā. Yathādiṭṭhissāti anurūpadiṭṭhissa kalyāṇadiṭṭhissa nibbattitappakāradiṭṭhissa vā nibbattetabbapadhānānurūpadiṭṭhissa yathādiṭṭhippavattakiriyassa vāti evampettha atthaṃ saṃvaṇṇayanti.

178. Pannarasame samattaṃ tussanaṃ titti santuṭṭhi, natthi etassa santuṭṭhīti asantuṭṭhi, asantuṭṭhissa bhāvo asantuṭṭhitā. Yā kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ bhāvanāya asantuṭṭhassa bhiyyokamyatā, tassā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tāya hi samaṅgibhūto puggalo sīlaṃ pūretvā jhānaṃ uppādeti, jhānaṃ labhitvā vipassanaṃ ārabhati, āraddhavipassako arahattaṃ aggahetvā antarā vosānaṃ nāpajjati, ‘‘alamettāvatā katamettāvatā’’ti saṅkocaṃ na pāpuṇāti. Tenāha ‘‘aññatra arahattamaggā kusalesu dhammesu asantuṭṭhibhāvo’’ti. Tatra aññatra arahattamaggāti arahattamaggasampattaṃ vināti attho. ‘‘Appaṭivānitā ca padhānasmi’’nti idaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayattā uttānatthamevāti na vibhattaṃ.

179. Soḷasame muṭṭhā naṭṭhā sati etassāti muṭṭhassati, tassa bhāvo muṭṭhassaccanti āha ‘‘muṭṭhassaccanti muṭṭhassatibhāvo’’ti. Muṭṭhassatibhāvoti ca satippaṭipakkho dhammo, na satiyā abhāvamattaṃ. Asampajaññanti ‘‘tattha katamaṃ asampajaññaṃ? Yaṃ aññāṇaṃ adassanaṃ…pe… avijjālaṅghī moho akusalamūla’’nti (dha. sa. 1357) evaṃ vuttā avijjāyeva. Tathā hi vijjāpaṭipakkho avijjā vijjāya pahātabbato, evaṃ sampajaññappaṭipakkho asampajaññaṃ . Yasmā pana sampajaññappaṭipakkhe sati tassa vasena ñāṇassa abhāvo hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ ‘‘aññāṇabhāvo’’ti.

180. Sattarasame apilāpanalakkhaṇā satīti udake lābu viya yena cittaṃ ārammaṇe pilavitvā viya tiṭṭhati, na ogāhati, taṃ pilāpanaṃ. Na pilāpanaṃ apilāpanaṃ, taṃ lakkhaṇaṃ sabhāvo etissāti apilāpanalakkhaṇā.

Samāpattivaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Tatiyapaṇṇāsakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.

* Source Tipitaka.org - Based on the Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana CD published by the Vipassana Research Institute
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