11. Kevaṭṭasuttavaṇṇanā

Kevaṭṭagahapatiputtavatthuvaṇṇanā

481.Evaṃme sutaṃ…pe… nāḷandāyanti kevaṭṭasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ apubbapadavaṇṇanā. Pāvārikambavaneti pāvārikassa ambavane. Kevaṭṭoti idaṃ tassa gahapatiputtassa nāmaṃ. So kira cattālīsakoṭidhano gahapatimahāsālo ativiya saddho pasanno ahosi. So saddhādhikattāyeva ‘‘sace eko bhikkhu aḍḍhamāsantarena vā māsantarena vā saṃvaccharena vā ākāse uppatitvā vividhāni pāṭihāriyāni dasseyya, sabbo jano ativiya pasīdeyya. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ yācitvā pāṭihāriyakaraṇatthāya ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ anujānāpeyya’’nti cintetvā bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāha.

Tattha iddhāti samiddhā phītāti nānābhaṇḍaussannatāya vuddhippattā. Ākiṇṇamanussāti aṃsakūṭena aṃsakūṭaṃ paharitvā viya vicarantehi manussehi ākiṇṇā. Samādisatūti āṇāpetu ṭhānantare ṭhapetu. Uttarimanussadhammāti uttarimanussānaṃ dhammato, dasakusalasaṅkhātato vā manussadhammato uttari. Bhiyyosomattāyāti pakatiyāpi pajjalitapadīpo telasnehaṃ labhitvā viya atirekappamāṇena abhippasīdissati. Na kho ahanti bhagavā rājagahaseṭṭhivatthusmiṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññapesi, tasmā ‘‘na kho aha’’ntiādimāha.

482.Na dhaṃsemīti na guṇavināsanena dhaṃsemi, sīlabhedaṃ pāpetvā anupubbena uccaṭṭhānato otārento nīcaṭṭhāne na ṭhapemi, atha kho ahaṃ buddhasāsanassa vuddhiṃ paccāsīsanto kathemīti dasseti. Tatiyampi khoti yāvatatiyaṃ buddhānaṃ kathaṃ paṭibāhitvā kathetuṃ visahanto nāma natthi. Ayaṃ pana bhagavatā saddhiṃ vissāsiko vissāsaṃ vaḍḍhetvā vallabho hutvā atthakāmosmīti tikkhattuṃ kathesi.

Iddhipāṭihāriyavaṇṇanā

483-484. Atha bhagavā ayaṃ upāsako mayi paṭibāhantepi punappunaṃ yācatiyeva. ‘‘Handassa pāṭihāriyakaraṇe ādīnavaṃ dassemī’’ti cintetvā ‘‘tīṇi kho’’tiādimāha. Tattha amāhaṃ bhikkhunti amuṃ ahaṃ bhikkhuṃ. Gandhārīti gandhārena nāma isinā katā, gandhāraraṭṭhe vā uppannā vijjā. Tattha kira bahū isayo vasiṃsu, tesu ekena katā vijjāti adhippāyo. Aṭṭīyāmīti aṭṭo pīḷito viya homi. Harāyāmīti lajjāmi. Jigucchāmīti gūthaṃ disvā viya jigucchaṃ uppādemi.

Ādesanāpāṭihāriyavaṇṇanā

485.Parasattānanti aññesaṃ sattānaṃ. Dutiyaṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ. Ādisatīti katheti. Cetasikanti somanassadomanassaṃ adhippetaṃ. Evampi te manoti evaṃ tava mano somanassito vā domanassito vā kāmavitakkādisampayutto vā. Dutiyaṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ. Itipi te cittanti iti tava cittaṃ, idañcidañca atthaṃ cintayamānaṃ pavattatīti attho. Maṇikā nāma vijjāti cintāmaṇīti evaṃ laddhanāmā loke ekā vijjā atthi. Tāya paresaṃ cittaṃ jānātīti dīpeti.

Anusāsanīpāṭihāriyavaṇṇanā

486.Evaṃ vitakkethāti nekkhammavitakkādayo evaṃ pavattentā vitakketha. Mā evaṃ vitakkayitthāti evaṃ kāmavitakkādayo pavattentā mā vitakkayittha. Evaṃ manasi karothāti evaṃ aniccasaññameva, dukkhasaññādīsu vā aññataraṃ manasi karotha. Māevanti ‘‘nicca’’ntiādinā nayena mā manasi karittha. Idanti idaṃ pañcakāmaguṇikarāgaṃ pajahatha. Idaṃ upasampajjāti idaṃ catumaggaphalappabhedaṃ lokuttaradhammameva upasampajja pāpuṇitvā nipphādetvā viharatha. Iti bhagavā iddhividhaṃ iddhipāṭihāriyanti dasseti, parassa cittaṃ ñatvā kathanaṃ ādesanāpāṭihāriyanti. Sāvakānañca buddhānañca satataṃ dhammadesanā anusāsanīpāṭihāriyanti.

Tattha iddhipāṭihāriyena anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ mahāmoggallānassa āciṇṇaṃ, ādesanāpāṭihāriyena anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ dhammasenāpatissa. Devadatte saṃghaṃ bhinditvā pañca bhikkhusatāni gahetvā gayāsīse buddhalīḷāya tesaṃ dhammaṃ desante hi bhagavatā pesitesu dvīsu aggasāvakesu dhammasenāpati tesaṃ cittācāraṃ ñatvā dhammaṃ desesi , therassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā pañcasatā bhikkhū sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahiṃsu. Atha nesaṃ mahāmoggallāno vikubbanaṃ dassetvā dassetvā dhammaṃ desesi, taṃ sutvā sabbe arahattaphale patiṭṭhahiṃsu. Atha dvepi mahānāgā pañca bhikkhusatāni gahetvā vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā veḷuvanamevāgamiṃsu. Anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ pana buddhānaṃ satataṃ dhammadesanā, tesu iddhipāṭihāriyaādesanāpāṭihāriyāni saupārambhāni sadosāni, addhānaṃ na tiṭṭhanti, addhānaṃ atiṭṭhanato na niyyanti. Anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ anupārambhaṃ niddosaṃ, addhānaṃ tiṭṭhati, addhānaṃ tiṭṭhanato niyyāti. Tasmā bhagavā iddhipāṭihāriyañca ādesanāpāṭihāriyañca garahati, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃyeva pasaṃsati.

Bhūtanirodhesakavatthuvaṇṇanā

487.Bhūtapubbanti idaṃ kasmā bhagavatā āraddhaṃ. Iddhipāṭihāriyaādesanāpāṭihāriyānaṃ aniyyānikabhāvadassanatthaṃ, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyasseva niyyānikabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Api ca sabbabuddhānaṃ mahābhūtapariyesako nāmeko bhikkhu hotiyeva. Yo mahābhūte pariyesanto yāva brahmalokā vicaritvā vissajjetāraṃ alabhitvā āgamma buddhameva pucchitvā nikkaṅkho hoti. Tasmā buddhānaṃ mahantabhāvappakāsanatthaṃ, idañca kāraṇaṃ paṭicchannaṃ, atha naṃ vivaṭaṃ katvā desentopi bhagavā ‘‘bhūtapubba’’ntiādimāha.

Tattha kattha nu khoti kismiṃ ṭhāne kiṃ āgamma kiṃ pattassa te anavasesā appavattivasena nirujjhanti. Mahābhūtakathā panesā sabbākārena visuddhimagge vuttā, tasmā sā tatova gahetabbā.

488.Devayāniyo maggoti pāṭiyekko devalokagamanamaggo nāma natthi, iddhividhañāṇasseva panetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tena hesa yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattento devalokaṃ yāti. Tasmā ‘‘taṃ devayāniyo maggo’’ti vuttaṃ. Yena cātumahārājikāti samīpe ṭhitampi bhagavantaṃ apucchitvā dhammatāya codito devatā mahānubhāvāti maññamāno upasaṅkami. Mayampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāmāti buddhavisaye pañhaṃ pucchitā devatā na jānanti , tenevamāhaṃsu. Atha kho so bhikkhu ‘‘mama imaṃ pañhaṃ na kathetuṃ na labbhā, sīghaṃ kathethā’’ti tā devatā ajjhottharati, punappunaṃ pucchati, tā ‘‘ajjhottharati no ayaṃ bhikkhu, handa naṃ hatthato mocessāmā’’ti cintetvā ‘‘atthi kho bhikkhu cattāro mahārājāno’’tiādimāhaṃsu. Tattha abhikkantatarāti atikkamma kantatarā. Paṇītatarāti vaṇṇayasaissariyādīhi uttamatarā etena nayena sabbavāresu attho veditabbo.

491-493. Ayaṃ pana viseso – sakko kira devarājā cintesi ‘‘ayaṃ pañho buddhavisayo, na sakkā aññena vissajjituṃ, ayañca bhikkhu aggiṃ pahāya khajjopanakaṃ dhamanto viya, bheriṃ pahāya udaraṃ vādento viya ca, loke aggapuggalaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ pahāya devatā pucchanto vicarati, pesemi naṃ satthusantika’’nti. Tato punadeva so cintesi ‘‘sudūrampi gantvā satthu santikeva nikkaṅkho bhavissati . Atthi ceva puggalo nāmesa, thokaṃ tāva āhiṇḍanto kilamatu pacchā jānissatī’’ti. Tato taṃ ‘‘ahampi kho’’tiādimāha. Brahmayāniyopi devayāniyasadisova. Devayāniyamaggoti vā brahmayāniyamaggoti vā dhammasetūti vā ekacittakkhaṇikaappanāti vā sanniṭṭhānikacetanāti vā mahaggatacittanti vā abhiññāñāṇanti vā sabbametaṃ iddhividhañāṇasseva nāmaṃ.

494.Pubbanimittanti āgamanapubbabhāge nimittaṃ sūriyassa udayato aruṇuggaṃ viya. Tasmā idāneva brahmā āgamissati, evaṃ mayaṃ jānāmāti dīpayiṃsu. Pāturahosīti pākaṭo ahosi. Atha kho so brahmā tena bhikkhunā puṭṭho attano avisayabhāvaṃ ñatvā sacāhaṃ ‘‘na jānāmī’’ti vakkhāmi, ime maṃ paribhavissanti, atha jānanto viya yaṃ kiñci kathessāmi, ayaṃ me bhikkhu veyyākaraṇena anāraddhacitto vādaṃ āropessati. ‘‘Ahamasmi bhikkhu brahmā’’tiādīni pana me bhaṇantassa na koci vacanaṃ saddahissati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ vikkhepaṃ katvā imaṃ bhikkhuṃ satthusantikaṃyeva peseyyanti cintetvā ‘‘ahamasmi bhikkhu brahmā’’tiādimāha.

495-496.Ekamantaṃapanetvāti kasmā evamakāsi? Kuhakattā. Bahiddhā pariyeṭṭhinti telatthiko vālikaṃ nippīḷiyamāno viya yāva brahmalokā bahiddhā pariyesanaṃ āpajjati.

497.Sakuṇanti kākaṃ vā kulalaṃ vā. Na kho eso, bhikkhu, pañho evaṃ pucchitabboti idaṃ bhagavā yasmā padesenesa pañho pucchitabbo, ayañca kho bhikkhu anupādinnakepi gahetvā nippadesato pucchati, tasmā paṭisedheti. Āciṇṇaṃ kiretaṃ buddhānaṃ, pucchāmūḷhassa janassa pucchāya dosaṃ dassetvā pucchaṃ sikkhāpetvā pucchāvissajjanaṃ. Kasmā? Pucchituṃ ajānitvā paripucchanto duviññāpayo hoti. Pañhaṃ sikkhāpento pana ‘‘kattha āpo cā’’tiādimāha.

498. Tattha na gādhatīti na patiṭṭhāti, ime cattāro mahābhūtā kiṃ āgamma appatiṭṭhā bhavantīti attho. Upādinnaṃyeva sandhāya pucchati. Dīghañca rassañcāti saṇṭhānavasena upādārūpaṃ vuttaṃ. Aṇuṃ thūlanti khuddakaṃ vā mahantaṃ vā, imināpi upādārūpe vaṇṇamattameva kathitaṃ. Subhāsubhanti subhañca asubhañca upādārūpameva kathitaṃ. Kiṃ pana upādārūpaṃ subhanti asubhanti atthi? Natthi. Iṭṭhāniṭṭhārammaṇaṃ paneva kathitaṃ. Nāmañca rūpañcāti nāmañca dīghādibhedaṃ rūpañca. Uparujjhatīti nirujjhati, kiṃ āgamma asesametaṃ nappavattatīti.

Evaṃ pucchitabbaṃ siyāti pucchaṃ dassetvā idāni vissajjanaṃ dassento tatra veyyākaraṇaṃ bhavatīti vatvā – ‘‘viññāṇa’’ntiādimāha.

499. Tattha viññātabbanti viññāṇaṃ nibbānassetaṃ nāmaṃ, tadetaṃ nidassanābhāvato anidassanaṃ. Uppādanto vā vayanto vā ṭhitassa aññathattanto vā etassa natthīti anantaṃ. Pabhanti panetaṃ kira titthassa nāmaṃ, tañhi papanti etthāti papaṃ, pakārassa pana bhakāro kato. Sabbato pabhamassāti sabbatopabhaṃ. Nibbānassa kira yathā mahāsamuddassa yato yato otaritukāmā honti, taṃ tadeva titthaṃ, atitthaṃ nāma natthi. Evameva aṭṭhatiṃsāya kammaṭṭhānesu yena yena mukhena nibbānaṃ otaritukāmā honti, taṃ tadeva titthaṃ, nibbānassa atitthaṃ nāma natthi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘sabbatopabha’’nti. Ettha āpo cāti ettha nibbāne idaṃ nibbānaṃ āgamma sabbametaṃ āpotiādinā nayena vuttaṃ upādinnaka dhammajātaṃ nirujjhati, appavattaṃ hotīti.

Idānissa nirujjhanūpāyaṃ dassento ‘‘viññāṇassa nirodhena etthetaṃ uparujjhatī’’ti āha. Tattha viññāṇanti carimakaviññāṇampi abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇampi , carimakaviññāṇassāpi hi nirodhena etthetaṃ uparujjhati. Vijjhātadīpasikhā viya apaṇṇattikabhāvaṃ yāti. Abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇassāpi anuppādanirodhena anuppādavasena uparujjhati. Yathāha ‘‘sotāpattimaggañāṇena abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇassa nirodhena ṭhapetvā sattabhave anamatagge saṃsāre ye uppajjeyyuṃ nāmañca rūpañca etthete nirujjhantī’’ti sabbaṃ cūḷaniddese vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.

Iti sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāyaṃ

Kevaṭṭasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

 

 

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